届中考英语考点备考复习16.docx

1、届中考英语考点备考复习162012年湖北省黄石市马石立中学九年级英语第一轮复习资料Unit15Book9【词汇检测】1海牛_2毛皮的_3巨大的_4好玩的_5挑衅的_6灰色的_7有斑点的_8袋鼠_9黑猩猩_10猎豹_11红树_12沼泽_13生长环境_14水生的_15在水下的_16植物_17称_18磅_19发觉_20被污染的_21现在进行时_22一般现在时_23动词原形_24被动语态_25现在完成时_26合适的_27极小的_28笼子_29厌恶的_30教育_31关怀_32强烈要求_33表达_34再回收利用_35原料_36拉_37胶水_38顶_39丢弃_40瓦片_41围墙_42金属罐_43最近_44行

2、星_45社会_46灵感_47筹集_48物质_49商业_50塑料_51自豪的_【短语集中】1. be the same as2. in some ways3. be like 4. how heavy5. ten feet long 6. save water7. become polluted8. be for9. be against10. in ones life11. be suitable for12. in the cage13. can hardly move14. once a week15. be surprised to do16. in surprise17. to one

3、s surprise18. be sure of 19. be sure to do20. educate the public 21. care for22. urge to do23. urge sb. to do24. turn on the shower25. endangered animals26. hear from sb.27. receive a letter from sb.28. an unusual woman29. pull down30. be made of31. in ones spare time32. raise money33. a house out o

4、f trash34. make sb. do35. have sth. done【句子再现】1. I am writing to say that I am against building a new zoo in our town.2. Zoos are terrible places for animals to live.3. Just last week, I visited a zoo and couldnt believe what I saw.4. The animals are kept in tiny cages and can hardly move at all.5.

5、I visited our zoo yesterday and I was very surprised to find hardly anyone there.6. They provide homes for many endangered animals and help to educate the public about caring for them. If we dont support our zoo, they wont have enough money to take care of so many fine animals.7. The walls are made

6、from old glass bottles that are glued together.8. The fence is built out of used soda cans.9. Amy recently won an award from the Help Save Our Planet Society.10. She makes model toys out of old TVs and sells them to raise money for the Childrens hospital.11. Its important to recycle paper to save th

7、e trees.12. Pandas are endangered animals. There arent many of them left.13. That apartment block is old and dangerous. It should be pulled down.【疑点注释】1. In 1972, it was discovered that they are endangered.(P119) 1972年，人们发现它们已经濒于灭绝。was discovered是一般过去时的被动语态，discover“发现”，近义词为find和invent。【友情链接】discove

8、r, invent与finddiscover指发现过去所不知道的东西，新奇或意外的东西。Coal was first discovered and used in China.中国首先发现并使用了煤。Columbus discovered America on the 12th of October, 1492.1492年10月12日，哥伦布发现了美洲。invent意为“发明”，即创造出以前从未存在过的东西。Edison invented the electric lamp.爱迪生发明了电灯。Radio had just been invented then.那时无线电刚刚发明出来。find意

9、为“找到”，侧重于找到过去丢失的人或物，但有时也表示凭经验或偶然发现了一种东西。Today, corn is found all over the world.今天，全世界都有了玉米。She found him a very good pupil.她发现他是个非常好的学生。有时find和discover可以互相替代，意思相同。His notebook was found/discovered in the desk.他的笔记本是在课桌里找到的。2. Some of the swamps have become polluted. (P119)一些沼泽地受到了污染。have become pol

10、luted 中的become是连系动词，polluted是过去分词。这种“系动词+过去分词”结构，意思上也接近被动语态。The slodier got wounded(接近were wounded)in the battle.这几名战士在这场战斗中受了伤。A few minutes later, the ground became/was covered with snow.几分钟后地上尽是雪。3. They provide homes for many endangered animals. (P120)他们为许多濒临灭绝的动物提供家园provide是及物动词，意为“提供”，“供给”。表示“

11、提供人物件”是provide.with.；“提供给人”是provide.for.。The school provides us with all the materials we need.学校提供我们所需要的一切资料。We are provided with everything we need for work.我们被提供了工作所需要的一切。The school provides all the books we need for us.学校为我们提供我们需要的书籍。【友情提示】 provide for是“供养”的意思。He has a large family to provide fo

12、r. 他要养活一个大家庭。4. .and help to educate the public about caring for them. (P120)并且帮助教育公众关爱它们。care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，take care of也有这个意思。He cared nothing for skating. 他对滑冰没有兴趣。In our class, we care for each other. 在我们班上，我们相互关心。Maria takes good care of everybody. 玛丽亚很关心大家。【友情链接】care for还可以表

13、示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于take care of或look after。At night he fed and cared for the cattle. 夜里他照料牲口，给牲口喂食。You must care for yourselves.=You must look after yourselves.你们要照顾好自己。The children are well cared for in the nurseries.=The children are taken good care of in the nurseries.孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。5. turn off the sh

14、ower while you are washing your hair. (P121)洗头的时候关掉淋浴。（1）turn off表示“关掉”，用在关掉收音机，煤气，自来水等场合。与其相关的几个短语是turn on“打开”，turn down“关小”，turn up“开大”。（2）句中while与when是同义词，都可以用从属连词，引导状语从句表示时间，意思都是“当（在）的时候”，但二者之间是有区别的。【友情链接】while与when的用法 when的含义是at or during the time that,既可用于指一点时间（从句的谓语动词需用终止性动词），也可用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动

15、词用延续性动词），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态能同时发生，或一先一后发生。He wants to help people when they are ill.他想在人们生病的时候帮助他们。When he got to Shanghai, the ship had already set off.他到达上海时，轮船已经开走了。 while的含义是during the time that,只能用于指一段时间（从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的），从句与主句里面的谓语动词所表示的动作只能同时发生，不能一先一后发生。While I was reading, my mother was wash

16、ing clothes.我读书时，妈妈在洗衣服。这两个词还可以用作并列连词。when表示“在那时”或“这时突然”，相当于and just at that time的意思，用来连接两个并列分句，有时when分句之前有逗号把前后两个分句分开。I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain.我一直呆到太阳下山，这时天开始下雨了。 while意为“而”，“却”，表示对照关系。Some like collecting stamps, while others like planting flowers.有些人喜欢集邮，而有些人却喜欢种花。6. You have p

17、robably never heard of Amy Winterbourne. (P122) 你可能从来没有听说过Amy Winterbourne。【知识归纳】hear, hear from, hear of与hear that clause的用法：（1）hear单独使用表示“听见”，“听到”，常用的结构有： hear sb/sth“听到某人或某物的声音”。I cant hear you at all. 我根本就听不到你的声音。Havent you heard anything? 难道你没有听到什么声音？ hear sb do sth“听到某人做某事”。I often hear Li Pin

18、g read English in the morning.我经常在早晨听到李平读英语。 hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”。I heard him singing in the next room.我听见他正在隔壁房间里唱歌。特别提示hear sb do sth指听到整个行动或整个事件；而hear sb doing sth是指听到了行动的一部分，有正在发生的意思。试比较：I heard the boy go down the stairs.我听到这个男孩走下楼去。I heard the boy going down the stairs我听到这个男孩下楼的声音。（2）h

19、ear from意为“收到的信”；“得到消息”。How often do you hear from your father? 你每隔多久收到你父亲的信？Have you still not heard from him? 你还没有收到他的信吗？I havent heard from him since he telephoned.自从他打电话以来，我一直没有他的消息。特别提示hear from的宾语是表示人的名词或代词，而不是表示信件的名词。魔力纠错我们好几个星期未收到他的信了。误：We havent heard from his letter for weeks.正：We havent h

20、eard from him for weeks.正：We havent got a letter from him for weeks.（3）hear of意为“听说”，后面接名词，代词或动名词。Ive never heard of that before.我以前从未听说过那件事。She disappeared and was never heard of again. 她不知去向了，再未听到她的消息。（4）hear接从句，是“听说”的意思。One day, the Smiths heard that there was a good doctor in a town not far away

21、.一天，史密斯一家听说不远的镇里有一位好医生。I hear that one of the pandas has a baby.我听说其中一只熊猫生了个熊猫宝宝。7. She is a most unusual woman. (P122)她是一个十分不寻常的女性。【知识归纳】a most, the most与most的用法（1）a most的用法。在“a most+形容词+名词”结构中，most是副词，意为“很，非常”，相当于very,用来修饰它后面的形容词，本句就是这一用法。Guilin is a most beautiful city.桂林是座非常美丽的城市。This is a most

22、interesting story.这是一个非常有趣的故事。（2）the most 的用法在“the most+形容词+名词”结构中,most 是副词，表示程度，意为“最”，与其后的形容词一起构成形容词的最高级。He is one of the most famous writers in China. 他是中国最著名的作家之一。This is the most difficult (one) of the three. 这是这三者中最难的。在“动词+the most”结构中，most 也是副词，其作用和意思是“最”其位置通常在动词后。They like English the most. 他

23、们最喜欢英语。（3）most 通常有三种用法在“most+副词或形容词”结构中，most 是副词，意为“很，非常，十分”。I shall most certainly go there. 我十分肯定会到那里去。在“most+名词”结构中，most 是形容词，意为“大部分的，大多数”或“最多的”。Most students like English. 大多数学生喜欢英语。Who has (the) most books among you?你们中谁的书最多？8. The walls are made from old glass bottles that are glued together.

24、(P122) 墙是由旧玻璃瓶粘在一起建成的。be made from/of意为“由（原料）制成”，后面一般接物质名词。接from则表示某物品制成后，已看不出原材料是什么，原材料在制作过程中已起了化学变化；接of表示某物品制成后，仍可看得出原材料，其原料在制作过程中仅起了物理变化。Nylon is made from air, coal and water.尼龙是由空气，煤和水加工制成的。Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。The desk is made of wood. 这桌子是由木头做的。The shoes are made of cloth.这鞋子是

25、用布做的。知识拓展 be made up of表示某物或某组织由一种种成分或一个个成员组成。The world is made up of matter.世界是由物质构成的。A TV set is made up of hundreds of different parts.电视机是由数百个不同的零件组装成的。 be made into意为“把做成”，主语在意义上为原材料，介词宾语在意义上为制成品。Bamboo is also made into paper.竹子也可以用来造纸。be made in意思是“在（地点）制造”，介词in后接产地。This kind of computer is m

26、ade in the USA这种电脑是美国制造的。This printing machine was made in Beijing.这台印刷机是北京生产的。be made by意思是“由制造”，介词by后跟动作的执行者。This model ship is made by Uncle Wang. 这个轮船模型是由王叔叔制作的。9. Amy recently won an award from the Help Save Our Planet Society. (P122)艾米最近获得了“救助地球”协会的奖励。（1）recently 表示“最近”，既可以用于表示一段时间，也可以表示一点时间，多

27、用于完成时态。Have you hear from Michael recently?你最近接到迈克尔的来信吗？Recently he has made quite a few mistakes. 最近他出了不少错。（2）won a award中award是 “奖”的意思，相关词语有prize，reward和scholarship，这几个词都与“奖”有关。（3）句中的win表示“赢”奖的意思。At the national amateur song-writing contest, he won a first-class award.在全国业余作曲比赛中，他获得了一等奖。win可表示“赢得比

28、赛，战斗”等，宾语一般是比赛，竞赛，战争等名词，与beat近义。知识拓展win与beat的用法两者在表示“赢”，“胜”的意思时，后面所接的宾语有所不同。“赢比赛或一场战斗”用win；“赢某人”是beat。We won the match months ago. 几个月前，我们赢得那场比赛。Which side won the battle? 这一战谁打胜了？But still we werent sure we could beat them.但是我们还不能肯定我们能打赢他们。Dick beat John and won the game. 狄克打败了约翰，赢得了比赛。【考点归纳】1.be p

29、roud of, be proud to do sth, be the pride of:1）be proud of表示“以为自豪/骄傲”2）be proud to do sth表示“骄傲/自豪去做某事”3）be the pride of表示“是.的骄傲”2.be suitable for适合的，恰当的3.be made from, be made of:1) be made from指制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特性，原材料发生了本质的变化，在成品中已无法辨认。2）be made of意思为“由构成，由制成”，但be made of是指未经变化，仍可以看出原材料是什么，保持了原材料的质

30、或形状。4.长，宽，高的表达法 ：数字+量词+形容词。如20 metres wide二十米宽5.little, small, tiny:little是一般用语，与great和big相对；small含有“比较小”的意味，与large相对；tiny常和little通用，但little侧重指形体小的，常带有爱惜，赞赏，轻蔑等情感的意味；tiny表示非常小，带有较强的感情色彩；small是就实体而言，按平均大小对比，是“比较小的”，侧重度量，面积，数字等；little也表示“小”，往往指不可数的量。6.feed on吃过日子； 用喂养7.foot的用法：on foot 步行 foot by foot一步一步地 at the foot of在脚下on ones feet站立着 set foot in踏进 s