动词的三种变化形式.docx

1、动词的三种变化形式 英语动词4种时态及动词的变化：1、一般现在时：表示现在的特征或状态,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示，第三人称单数后，动词要变成第三人称单数形式。（见表）常与表示频度的副词always（总是） often（经常） usually（通常） sometimes（有时） never（从不）连用。 I often get up at 7:00. He often gets up at 7:30. 动词第三人称的变化1、大多数动词在词尾加S stopstops makemakes playplays 2、以辅音字母加y结尾的，要先将y变为i，然后在加es fly

2、flies carrycarries studystudies 3、以s 、x 、ch 、sh结尾的，在词尾加es teachteaches watchwatches washwashes4、以o结尾的动词，加es gogoes dodoes havehas是特例练习：写出下例动词的第三人称单数形式watchdocrywashgoflyhavestoptrybestudybuyfeelhavesaylookrunplaygetwantread2、现在进行时：表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。 常与now、look、listen等词连用。表示形式:be(am / is / are) + 动词

3、ing What are you doing? I am reading a book. What is he doing? He is singing. 动词现在分词构成规则: 一般的直接在后面加上ing do-doing go-going work-working 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如 have_having write_writing make_making 双写最后一个字母再加ing :stop_stopping sit_ sitting get_ gettingskip_skipping hop_hopping cut_cuttingshop_shop

4、ping hit_hitting put_puttingswim_swimming run_running jog_joggingforget_forgetting travel_travelling spit_spitting Whats Anne doing?安在做什么？Shes skipping.她在跳绳。What are they doing？他们在做什么？They are playing basketball.他们在打篮球。Whats your hobby?你的爱好是什么？My hobby is taking photos.我的爱好是摄影。I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。

5、Planting trees is good for us.练习：写出下例动词的现在分词形式 原形 现在分词原形 现在分词jumpswimwalkcyclecookmakeplaywriteflydrivewashcooklookwatchputreadskipgetdrawdancehavelistendrinktalkspitbrushsweepsleepskipsitbegingetputjogdorun3、一般将来时：常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year 等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。三种形式：shall + 动词原形 （shal

6、l 只能用于第一人称I、we） will + 动词原形 (will 用于所有人称)be going to +动词原形/地点（表示打算干什么/准备去某地）What are you going to do tomorrow? Im going to ride a horse. What will you do next Sunday? I will go shopping. Shall we go to the beach? Ok! Lets go. 4、一般过去时：经常与表示过去的时间连用, 如: yesterday, last night，long long ago等, 表示过去某时发生的动作

7、或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如：Who was first?Ken was first.Where were you yesterday?I was at home.What did you do yesterday?I went to school 动词的过去式What did you do?你们做了什么？We took pictures.我们拍了照。What did you do during the holiday假期期间你做了什么?I wrote a little storybook.我写了一本小故事。1、动词原形与特殊过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式am/iswasgetgot

8、givegavearewereletletrunrandodidputputsingsangcomecamereadreadsitsatgowenttelltoldbeginbeganseesawmakemadedrinkdrankeatatemeetmetknowknewwritewrotecancouldteachtaughtsitsathavehadbuyboughtsaysaidhearheardbringbroughttaketookfeelfeltthinkthoughtstandstoodflyflewfindfound2、动词原形和规则动词过去式的变化 一般直接在动词的后面加e

9、dwork- worked learn-learned clean- cleaned 以e结尾的动词直接加dlive- lived dance- danced use- used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed studystudied carrycarried worryworried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母再加ed stopstopped traveltravelled jogjogged练习：把下例动词的过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式answerclosetrycleandanceflystopwalktalkliv

10、ejumpcallaskcooklikedlistenlookplaystudytraveltravelledtrywatchwantworkdogohaveseeis/amarecomeeatread 形容词比较级的用法常见句式：1. A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B意思为“A比B更 ”如：This tree is (a little) taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高(一点儿）。My ruler is （much) longer than yours.我的尺子比你的尺子长(得多 ）。 注意：在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同类

11、事 物之间的比较。 very, quite，too，enough一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 2“become+ 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级”是“变得越来越”的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in

12、 our class等等。如： He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。Fairy Tale is the most interesting of all.注意:形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the.形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1、单音节比较级和最高级的构成规则1一般情况下，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est； smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortest2在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； bigbiggerbiggest hothotte

13、rhottest3以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st； largelargerlargest nicenicernicest 4以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est； easy-easier-easiest heavy-heavier-heaviest二、多音节词比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most； beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful differentmore differentmost different 三、不规则变化good/wellbetter-best ba

14、d/illworseworstmany/muchmoremost little/fewlessleast 练习一、 写出下例单音节形容词比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级strongbigtallfatshortthinsmallhoteasyearlycheaplatelongniceyounghappythickdirtynewold二、 多音节形容词比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级tiredmore tiredmost tiredinterestingdifficultdeliciousbeautifulcarefulexpensivelovely三、用适当形式填空： 1. B

15、ob is _ ( young ) than Fred.but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Which is _ (heavy), a duck or a chicken? 3. Jane is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 4. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 5. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think. 6.

16、A dictionary is much _ (expensive)than a story-book.7. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.8. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.9. Sue is _ (beautiful) than her sister.10.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) tha

17、n Annie. -And Sally plays it the _ (well).11. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.12. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).13. I think it s too expensive. I d like a _ (cheap) one.14. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 15. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a be

18、ar and it is _ _(dangerous) animal in the world. 16. It is much _ (hot) today than yesterday. 人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词 Whose key is this? Is this your key?这是谁的钥匙？ No ,its not mine.不是我的。 我你他她它我们他们主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格 me you himheritusthem物主代词我的 你的他的她的它的我们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitso

19、urstheirs2、反身代词myself我自己 ourselves我们自己 yourself 你自己 yourselves你们自己himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己themselves他们自己 练习一、根据要求变化We _（宾格） its _（名词性物主代词）She _（宾格） their _（名词性物主代词）it _（宾格） my _（名词性物主代词） him _(主格） they _(形容词性物主代词）them _（主格） he _(形容词性物主代词）you _（主格） our _(反身代词)二选择。（ ）1.I am son.A. they B. th

20、eir C. them（ ）2. This is not _ desk. _ is over there.A. I Mine B. myMine C. minemy（ ）3.Whats _ name? _name is Lucy.A. youMy B. your My C. yoursMy（ ）4. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room.A. they B. them C. their（ ）5. We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice.A. Our B. My C. Ours（ ）6.

21、Mrs Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him（ ）7. Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It B. Its C. Its（ ）8.This cup is _. That is _. A.me you B. My your C.mine yours( ) 9.This is _pen. _is over there. A.my Your B.me You C.my Yours( ) 10.Do you like _skirt? A.mine B. my C. me( )11. My parents

22、 are going to take_to Mount Tianzi this summer holiday A. my B. me C. mine( )12.This morning Diana invited（邀请） _ to _ birthday party. A. I; her B. I; hers C. me; her D me; hers( )13.- Is this your sisters purse（钱包）, John? - No, it isnt. _ is in the bag. A. She B. Her C. Herself D. Hers( )14.Bob! Is

23、this your dictionary? No, it isnt. Ask Sally. She is looking for_. A. his B. hers C. mine D. yours( )15.Miss Li is _ English teacher. She teaches _ English very well. A. us, we B. our, we C. we, us D. our, us( )16.Tom and Jenny are in the same school. And _ like sports very much. A. They B. them C.

24、their D. theirs( )17.-Are these your brothers books? -Yes, _are. A this B that C these D they( )18.This is Kate. She s_ sister. A.me B. I C. my D. you( )19.This is my good friend. _ name is Linda. A. She B. He C. Shes D. Her( )20.-What time is it now ? - eight oclock . A. It B. Its C. Its D. Is 名词一名

25、词的定义：1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写，前面不加定冠词the。普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 二可数名词和不可数名词：1.定义：一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。2.可数名词的数：可数名词有单数、复数之分 a bird- two birds a teacher- five teachersan apple-eight apples. 3.可数名词复数的变化规则.A、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s构成。 game-games boy-boysB、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，

26、在词尾加-es构成。 box-boxes bus-buses peach-peaches dish-dishes。 D、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。 factory-factories family-familiesE、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v，然后再加-es。 leaf-leaves life-lives knife-knives等。 F、名词单数变复数，不规则变化。特殊变化单复、复数一致footfeetmanmendeerdeertoothteethwomanwomensheepsheepgoosegeesemousemicefruitfruitchildchildrenfishfish练习：把下例可数名词单数变复数单数复数单数复数单数复数applecargirlbeach