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中考英语语法填空试题和答案word.docx

1、中考英语语法填空试题和答案word2020-2021年中考英语语法填空试题和答案(word)一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)1阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Strangely enough, some inventions are lost _people cant imagine their _(valuable). A use may need to be invented along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing _(

2、invent) in the 1800s. It took more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to _(electrical) transmit(传输) writing. At first, it was considered _(use) since few people thought there was _need for transmitting writing over _(wire). Ev

3、entually the value of the invention was realized, and it was improved _office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard _(equip) in offices. The reason is _it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?【

4、答案】 because;value;was invented;electrically;useless;a/any;wires;for;equipment;that 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些发明因为人们不能想象它们的价值而失去,列举传真机器的发明来说明这点。 (1)句意:足够奇怪的是,因为人们不能想象它们的价值,所以一些发明消失了。后句表示原因,所以用because;形容词修物主代词修饰名词,their它们的,形容词修物主代词,所以后面用形容词valuable的名词value,不可数名词,故填because,value。 (2)句意:传真的科技在19世纪被发明。invent发明,实义动词,

5、主语technology是动作invent的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语technology是不可数名词,所以用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented。 (3)句意:1843年,亚历山大贝恩发明了一种电子传输文字的机器。electrical电子的,形容词,副词修饰实义动词,transmit传输,实义动词,所以用副词electrically,电子地,故填electrically。 (4)句意:起初,它被认为是无用的,因为很少有人认为有必要通过电线传输文字。be considere形容词,表

6、示被认为怎么样,固定搭配,根据后文可知传真的作用后来才被认可,所以起初被认为是无用的,use使用,实义动词,其形容词是useless,无用的;原因是很少人认为有必要,few表示否定,所以用a/any;wire,电线,可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a或者one,所以用复数wires,故填useless;a/any;wires。 (5)句意:最终,这项发明的价值得以实现,并被改进为办公用途。为了办公用途才被改进,所以用for,为了,故填for。 (6)句意:到了20世纪80年代,传真机已成为办公室的标准设备。equip,装备,实义动词,形容词修饰名词,standard,标准的,形容词,所以用equi

7、p的名词equipment,设备,不可数名词,故填equipment。 (7)句意:原因是它能很快地传送书面文件。the reason is that.,原因是,固定搭配,故填that。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。2语法填空 I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common per

8、son. When he _(ask)why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old. I _(try)to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped the bottle and it fell. spilling(滋出)the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk!I was frig

9、htened and I didnt know what to do! he said. His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. I _(consider)how to explain all this to you. Mum. he said. Instead of _him, she said. Robert, what a great mess you have made! I _(not see)such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has alread

10、y been spilled, would you like _(play)in the milk for a while? We _(clean)it up after that. Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. You know. Robert. whenever you _a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up. He used a sponge(海绵)and together they cleaned up the spilled milk. His

11、 mother then said. You know, we _how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Lets go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you _(discover)a way to carry it. Then the little boy learned that if he grasped (抓紧)the bottle at the top with both hands, he could

12、 carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!【答案】 was asked;was trying;am considering;punishing;havent seen;to play;will clean;make;failed;can discover 【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事,作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时,不小心把奶瓶掉下地了,牛奶溅到到处都是,但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他,而是借此教育了他,他学会了如果他抓紧瓶子顶部,他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。 (1)句意:当他被问为什么他会这样做,他给了答案。根据w

13、as,可知用过去时,ask问,he和ask之间是被动关系,用过去时的被动语态,其结构为be+过去分词,主语是he,be动词用was,ask的过去分词是asked,故填was asked。 (2)句意:我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候,突然我落下的瓶子,并且它掉了下来。此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候,恰好这时另一件事发生了,主句用过去将来时,主语是I,be动词用was,故填was trying。 (3)句意:他说“妈妈,我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。”consider考虑,动词,他妈妈金厨房时,他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释,直接引语用现在进行时,其结构为be+现在分词,主语是I,be动词用am

14、,consider的现在分词是considering,故填am considering。 (4)句意:没有惩罚他,她说。“罗伯特,你搞得多么乱啊!我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。根据常识,一般弄掉了牛奶,应该会受到惩罚,但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他,punish惩罚,动词,instead of后接动名词,punish的动名词是punishing,故填punishing。 (5)句意:没有惩罚他,她说。“罗伯特,你搞得多么乱啊!我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。see看见,描述过去的动作对现在造成影响,用现在完成时,其结构为have+过去分词,根据not,可知用否定句,主语是I,构成否定句要借助助动词ha

15、vent,see的过去分词是seen,故填havent seen。 (6)句意:因为牛奶已经被溅出,你想玩一会儿牛奶吗?would like to do sth想做某事,play玩, 故填to play。 (7)句意:我们然后将会把它打扫干净。描述将要发生的事情,用一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形,clean打扫,故填will clean。 (8)句意:无论什么时候你向这样搞得乱七八糟,最终你必须打扫干净。make a mess搞得乱七八糟,固定搭配,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是you,动词用原形,故填make。 (9)句意:他妈妈然后说。”你知道,我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两

16、个大奶瓶。由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法,可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶,用fail,失败,fail to do sth不能做某事/失败做某事,根据just now可知,用一般过去时,fail的过去式是failed,故填failed。 (10)句意:我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。用水填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法,discover发现,can可以,能,此次用can discover,可以发现,故填can discover。 【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意,答题的过程中,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后得出正确的答案。3阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容

17、(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Britain you arent allowed _ (drive) a car until you are seventeen. You have to get a special driving license _ you can drive, When youre learning, someone with a full license always has to be in the car _ you. You arent allowed to drive the car on the road alone. You dont ha

18、ve to go to a driving school. A friend can teach you. The person who teaches you isnt allowed to take money _ the lesson unless he has got a teacher s license. You have to take a _ (drive) test to have a full license. If you dont pass the test, you will be allowed to take it again a few weeks later

19、if you want to. In 1970, a woman passed her _ (forty) test after 212 driving lessons! When you have passed your test, you are allowed to go on driving as long _ you like, if you are _ (health). Britains _ (old) driver was a man who drove in 1974 at the age of 100. Before 1904, everyone was allowed t

20、o drive, even _ (child). From then on car drivers must have licenses.【答案】 to drive;before;with;for;driving;fortieth;as;healthy;oldest;children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国在开车上路之前考取驾照的情况。 (1)句意: 在英国,直到17岁你才被允许开车。be allowed to do,固定搭配,允许做某事,故此处是不定式,故填 to drive。 (2)句意: 你必须得到一张特殊的驾驶执照才能开车。根据常识,开车前要考驾照,之前before , 故填

21、before。 (3)句意: 当你学习的时候,一个有驾照的人总是必须在你的车里和你在一起。根据 has to be in the car 可知是和某人在车里,是介词,with , 故填 with。 (4)句意: 除非有教师执照,否则教你的人不允许为了钱上课。for,介词表示目的,为了 , 故填 for。 (5)句意: 必须参加驾驶考试才能获得驾照。test是名词其前是形容词,此处是动名词做定语,表示用途 , 故填 driving。 (6)句意: 1970年,一名女子经过212节驾驶课,通过了第40次考试!根据限定词her可知此处是序数词,forty是基数词,fortieth是序数词 , 故填

22、fortieth。 (7)句意: 如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。as long as,固定搭配,只要,故填 as。 (8)句意:如果你健康,当你通过考试后,只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。are系动词后是形容词,health是名词,healthy是系动词 , 故填 healthy。 (9)句意: 英国最老的司机是1974年100岁时开车的人。driver是名词其前是形容词,此处根据100岁可知是最老的司机,用形容词最高级 , 故填 oldest。 (10)句意: 1904年以前,每个人都被允许开车,甚至是小孩。此处是名词复数表示泛指,child的复数是children , 故

23、填 children。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。4阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Sitting at a desk in a classroom all day can be pretty boring. With a bike, the reading class can be _(interesting) than before. The teachers in _school in the USA have tried this. The Read and Ride program _(begin) f

24、ive years ago. As part of the Read and Ride program, the teachers change the students_(desk) into exercise bikes. With this program, one classroom in the school has enough bikes for each student in class. _is possible for the students to ride bikes and read books at the same time. Even common classr

25、ooms have one bike at the back of them. The students who cannot sit still can use the bike _(do) exercise. The exercise bikes are not only good for the students health but helpful in _(improve) the efficiency of the students study. When students are bored with study, they can relax themselves _ridin

26、g the bikes for a while. After keeping trying the program for one year, the teachers found that the students _took part in the program did much better in reading tests. _amazing it is!【答案】 more interesting;a;began;desks;It;to do;improving;by;who/that;How 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了美国的一所学校采取的一种有趣的教学方法来提高学生们的阅

27、读能力,这种方法是边骑车边阅读。这种方法的使用收到了良好的效果。 (1)句意:使用自行车,阅读课比以前更有趣。根据than,可知应使用形容词的比较级,interesting的比较级为more interesting,故答案是more interesting。 (2)句意:美国一个学校的老师尝试了这一种方法。school使用的单数形式,而且并没有特指哪一所学校,因此应使用不定冠词,school是以辅音字母开始,因此应使用不定冠词a,故答案是a。 (3)句意:边阅读边骑自行车的项目开始于五年前。根据five years ago可知应使用过去时,begin的过去式是began,故答案是began。

28、(4)句意:作为阅读和骑行计划的一部分,老师将学生的课桌变成了自行车。一个班里的学生不只有一个,因此课桌也就不止一个,因此应使用复数形式desks,故答案是desks。 (5)句意:对于学生来说在同一时间边骑自行车边阅读成为了可能。固定搭配,it is+形容词+for sb to do,对于某人来说做某事怎样,故答案是it。 (6)句意:那些不能坐下的学生仍然可以使用自行车做练习。做练习是使用自行车的目的,因此应使用动词不定式做目的状语,故答案是to do。 (7)句意:运动自行车不仅有利于学生们的健康,而且能够帮助学生们提高他们的学习效率。in为介词,介词后的动词使用动名词,故答案是impr

29、oving。 (8)句意:他们可以通过骑一会自行车来放松。骑自行车是他们放松的方式,一般使用by来引出方式状语,故答案是by。 (9)句意:老师发现那些参加了该项目的学生在阅读考试的时候做的更好。本句为定语从句,先行词students属于人,而且在从句中做主语,因此关系代词可以使用who或者that,故答案是 who/that 。 (10)句意:多么令人惊奇啊!根据标点符号可知该句为感叹句,强调的是形容词amazing,因此应使用how,故答案是How。 【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。5阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的

30、词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings _(do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the _(important) of protecting the environment and do something abo

31、ut it. And today I would like _(introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow _(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn _lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environmentfriendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible,_it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly, try best to _(use)things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth

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