完整版雅思写作分类词汇高分版.docx

1、完整版雅思写作分类词汇高分版IELTS 写作288个高分词汇说明：1某个类别的词汇也可以用在其他类别，应灵活掌握。2注意词汇的用法，尤其是词性。3如果真的可以记熟以下词汇，雅思写作的用词方面你已经可以算一个专家了。4只要记一个词就必须记熟练，如果似是而非、不熟练不准确的记忆在考场上只能导致扣分而不是拿分。 5平时的例句背诵和范文欣赏中可以自己提取更多的分类词汇Education培养cultivate(v.) foster(v.) nurture(v.)促进学生身心发展promote the students physical, mental (or intellectual) and emot

2、ional development心理健康psychological soundness (or well-being/farewell)上学attend school (“上学”似乎根本不是个问题，但其实在IELTS写作里也有比go to school 更精准的表达。如果要具体写去上某一所或者某类学校则可以给school加上a或者复数)剑8例句：Others, however, believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools (男女合校).学习能力（先天）aptitude(n.) talent(n.)

3、学习能力（后天）skill(n.)学校教育schooling(n.)家庭教育upbringing(n.)/parenting(n.)给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth./ motivate the students to do sth.青少年 adolescents(n.) youngsters(n.) youths(n.)传授知识impact (or inculcate) knowledge灌输高尚的价值观instill high moral values(注意value 这里是复数)给学生以灵感give the students ins

4、piration 教学法teaching (or pedagogical) methodology适应adapt to do sth. adjust oneself to do sth.become accustomed to do sth.适应能力adaptability (n.)学生对老师所授知识的掌握students grasp (or command) of what has been taught就业能力 employable (or marketable) skills填鸭式教法教学生force-feed the students学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器Students s

5、hould not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas死记硬背 learn things by rote为了记忆而记忆memorise for memorisations own sake责任感a sense of obligation/duty/responsibility记忆方程式、公式、定理、定义 memorise equations, formulas, theorems and laws 应用apply(vt.)盲从 follow sth. blindly follow sth. indiscriminatel

6、y限制创造力的发展extinguish (or stifle/constrain) creativity打击学生的积极性dampen (or sap) the students enthusiasmfrustrate the students产生不必要的压力beget (or create) undue pressure塑造某人的性格mould ones character把学生分开教育 segregate the students同龄人peers来自其他同学的压力peer pressure逆境adverse circumstancesadverstity (n.)团队精神 team spir

7、it独立思考think independently 在理解的基础上思考 learn things through understanding鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encourage the students to think critically学生的反馈students feedbackstudents input学生评级老师的教学Students appraise/evaluate their teachers performance各门科目的总称curriculum (n.)具体一门科目的内容syllabus (n.)课外活动extra-curricular activities学校

8、是社会的缩影A school is soclety in miniature不遵守纪律 (名词)indiscipline ( n.)misbehavior (n.)mischief (n.)违反纪律的学生disruptive studentsunruly students理论知识theoretical knowledge通才gegeneralist (n.)专才specialist (n.)全面发展的well-rounded (adj.)versatile (adj.)为社会健康发展作贡献contribute to societal well-being (or welfare)人文学科hum

9、anities (n.)社会科学social sciences艺术arts (n.)文科总称liberal studies/arts (n.)理科sciences (n.)工科engineering (n.)学科(通称)discipline (n.)基础科学basic sciences应用科学applied sciences小(中、大学)教育primary-level (or secondary-level/ tertiary-level) education职业教育vocational educationTechnology 尖端的信息cutting-edge technology信息爆炸i

10、nformation explosion(or overload)信息时代the information age(or era)互联网的广泛使用the proliferation use of the Internet/the extensive use of the Internet/ the widespread use of the Internet 科技创新及发展technological innovations(or inventions) and advances/progressions提高效率augment(or enhance/boost) efficiency提高生产效率a

11、ugment(or enhance/boost) productivity减少人力的机器labour-saving machinery 取代人力的机器labour-replacing machinery自动化automation(n.)automated(adj.)生物技术biotechnology克隆clone(v.)cloning(n.)远程通信telecommunication太空探索space exploration/space probe人的基因构成ones genetic makeupones DNA programmingMedia 时事current affairs新闻界the

12、 press印刷媒体the print media电子媒体the electronic media报道新闻的机构news outlets无处不在的prevalent(adj.)ubiquitous(adj.)pervasive(adj.)充斥着be awash withbe inundated withbe saturated with sth审查censor(v.)删除delete(v.)eliminate(v.)excise(v.)过多的暴力与色情内容dxcessive (or gratuitous) violent and pornographic有误导性的misleading(adj.

13、)misrepresented(adj.)distorted(adj.)诈骗性的fraudulent(adj.)虚假的false(adj.)bogus(adj.)报道非常详尽的细节report sth. In graphic detail媒体炒作media hype夸大事件exaggerate thingssensationalise things blow things out of all proportions公正客观的objective and balanced 揭露expose(v.)reveal(v.)侵犯隐私violate (or intrude on/infringe on )

14、 someones privacy毁坏某人的名誉tarnish(or sully/smear/besmirch) ones reputation狗仔队paparazzi(n.)(paparazzi)是复数名词名人celebrities(pl.)单数是a celebrity丑闻scandals(n.)掩盖cover upgloss overwhitewash (v.)不客观的biased(adj.)akewed(adj.)unobjective(adj.)如实的描述factual accounts可信的reliable(adj.)trustworthy(adj.)dependable(adj.)

15、及时的up-to-dateup-to-the-minute信息量大的informative(adj.)娱乐性强的entertaining(adj.)有新闻价值的newsworthy(adj.)道德标准code of ethicscode of conductGovernment当局authorities(n.)老百姓citizens(n.)the citizenry规范，管理regulate (v.)monitor(v.)oversee(v.)实施implement(v.)立法legislate(v.)make laws严禁strictly prohibitban altogether严格的法

16、律stringent laws (or legislation)监督scrutiny(n.)scrutinise(v.)monitor(v.)为拨款allocate money to sth.be a patron ofinvest infund (v.)dedicate mondy to sth.预算budget (n.)税收tax revenue政府开支the government spending/expenditure on sth.剑8实例：the changes in annual government spending消减curtail (v.)增添augment (v.)当务之

17、急priority (n.)把当成当务之急give priority to sth.责任duty (n.)responsibility (n.)obligation (n.)军备竞赛arms race (n.)自卫self-defence (n.)国土安全national securityhomeland security缺乏远见的政策Short-sighted policy扩张expansion (n.)aggression (n.)谋求霸权seek (or pursue) hegemony恶性循环a vicious circle地区不稳定因素destabilising factors规章制

18、度rules and regulations太空竞赛space race武器arms (n.)weapons (n.)armaments (n.)下岗工人laid-off workersdownsized workers失业unemployment (n.)joblessness (n.)基础设施infrastructure (n.)公共交通系统public transport system (这是英式写法)电网power grid民主的democratic民主democracy石油天然气管线pipelines给排水系统water supply and drainage system民主与开明

19、的政府a democratic and progressive governmentLanguage一种可以通用的语言a lingua francaa universal languagea global language英语的广泛应用the proliferation of English英语的统治地位the dominant role ( or the ascendancy/ the hegemony ) of English方言dialect ( n. )vernacular ( n. )the indigenous language小语种将会消亡lesser-known languag

20、es will become extinct ( or obsolete )小语种的消亡the extinction ( or demise )of lesser-known languagesCulture 文化遗产包括有形的和无形的两种，有形的如历史遗迹；无形的如风俗、仪式、传统道德观念等。Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites, and intangible cultural heritage, such as cutomes,

21、 rites, rituals and mores.保护preserve (v.) / protect ( v. )祖先forefathers ( n.)ancestors ( n.)后代descendants ( n.)posterity ( n.)少数民族ethnic minorities民族团结the harmony between ethnic groups ( or races )文化融合cultural integration and synthesis相互影响interaction (n. )动词词组是 interact with文化多元性cultural diversity /

22、 cultural heterogeneity (第二个表达非常正式，只作替换时用)丰富enrich ( v.)狭隘的观念insular ( or provincial/ parochial ) mentality贬低deprecate (v. )denigrate ( v. )minimise the importance ofdisparage ( v. )trivialise ( v. )discredit ( v. )不是一成不变的sth. is not set/carved in stoneSociety生活节奏加速The tempo/ pace of life is acceler

23、ating持续的疲劳fatigue ( n. )导致人与人之间疏远create alienation between people过于功利的materialistic (adj. )mercenary (adj. )money-worshipping (adj. )追求最大限度利润pursue maximum profit（公共的）交通运输方式modes of transport/ means of transport (请注意transport作名词时是英式拼写，对应的名词美式拼写则是被国内同学所更熟悉的transportation)交通工具vehicle (n.)私家车private ve

24、hicle汽油petrol (BrE) / gasoline (AmE)交通堵塞traffic jamstraffic congestiongridlock ( n.)剑8例句：Traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use.阻碍impede (v.)hinder (v.)hamper (v.)obstruct (v.)inhibit (v.)扶贫poverty alleviation (v.)就业机会job opportunityemployment op

25、portunity贫穷的needy (adj.)poverty-strickenimpoverished (adj.)deprived (adj.)destitute (adj.)indigent (adj.)富裕的affluent (adj.)wealthy (adj.)well-off 撞车car wreckscar accidents行人pedestrians (n.)交通肇事者traffic accident perpetrators违章横穿马路jaywalk (v.)监控摄像头surveillance camera有特殊审美价值的老房子old buildings of special

26、 aesthetic value有特殊历史意义的老房子buildings of historic significnace居民vernacular dwellings让城市更美好enhance the cityscape破旧的（房子）decrepit (adj.)rundown (adj.)rickety (adj.)dilapidated (adj.)拆除tear down/knock down/demolish/rase (a building)高楼high-rise buildings摩天大楼skyscrapers (n.)城市化urbanization (n.)城乡差距the disp

27、arity between the city and the countryside城市的urban (adj.）乡村的rural (adj.)搬迁relocate (v.)在家上班telecommute (v.)休闲leisure (n.)recreation (n.)精神上的享受amusement and enjoyment娱乐entertainment (n.)diversion (n.)宽松的管理laissez-faire management运营成本operating costsoverhead costs雇用recruit (v.)会导致效率降低的counterproductive

28、 (adj.)劳动力资源labour pool(labour是英式写法)抑郁症depression (n.)失眠sleeplessness (n.)sleep-deprivation insomnia (n.)人口爆炸population explosionpopulation boom控制人口family planningbirth control爱慕虚荣的pretentious (adj.)ostentatious (adj.)缺少运动的生活方式sedentary lifestyle营养过剩overnourishment (n.)Globalisation 合作cooperate with/ collaborate with（一个国家或地区的）文化特性(nation or regional) cultural identity全球文化同一化过程（即地区文化的消失）global cultural homogenisation文化同一性cultural homogeneitycultural uniformity全球化是一把双刃剑Globalisation is a two-edged sword.地球村the global village文化同化cultural assimilation侵蚀亚洲文化erode the Asian cultureWomen两性平等