高中英语重要动词短语及其他短语归类.docx

1、高中英语重要动词短语及其他短语归类 词 组 专 题Part one: 动词短语基本要点：动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起，构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类：I、动词+介词（at, for, after, on, to, with, of, from, in, into, through, about等）构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。 They finally agreed on the plan. This job calls for skills and patience. The bank was broken into last night. Well

2、 think about it.II、动词+副词(up, off, out, away, on, in, over, down, about,round/around等)构成的词组1. 一部分为不及物动词短语，不能直接加宾语， 也无被动。如：break out, come about, come out 2一部分为及物的动词短语, 其宾语如果是名词，可前可后；若是代词，则只能放在当中。You can call your teacher up=You can call up your teacher You can call him up. Well think it over. III. 动词

3、+副词+介词: 相当于及物动词 We must make up for the lost time. 我们必须弥补失去的时间。 Do I have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得除掉我的习惯？ IV. 动词+名词 / (反身)代词+介词: 相当于一及物动词 He never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. ( 利用) In school, I often take charge of various activities. （负责 / 管理）一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1. V+ab

4、out(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词ask / inquire about: 询问的情况 care about: 在乎;/介意;关注 quarrel about/over为争论/争吵argue about/over为争论/ /辩论 debate about /on为/关于辩论 discuss about讨论，议论worry about：担心 concern about:关心，挂念 know/learn about:了解 read about:读知, 阅后得知 talk about:谈论 hear about:听说（=hear of）complain about（抱怨/投诉） bring ab

5、out带来，造成 think about:考虑 speak about:谈到，谈论(=speak of) set about doing sth着手做某事 do sth about.想办法/采取措施解决.V+about(副词:到处/四周)：皆为不及物短语动词walk/go about:四处走动 move about:四处走,经常搬家 wander about:漫步/徘徊 hang about :闲荡 come about : 发生 look about/around:环顾;(商店中)四处看2. V+across（介词或副词） come across.:偶遇(=come upon) run ac

6、ross.:偶然发现/碰到 cut across: 抄近路穿过/横越; 影响 put /get() across to sb: 解释/传达，使某人明白 It took me an hour to get my intention across to her. 3. V+after(介词)be after:寻求,寻找，追求 go/run/chase after:追赶/逐 look after:照顾 take after: 长得像;学某人的样 ask after:探问/询问 name. after.:以名字命名. 4. V+along come along 跟着一起来Will you come a

7、long with me? 进展/进步She is coming along nicely after the operation. bring/take。along把带来/去 get along /on 相处；进展 get along/on with sb/sth与某人相处；在.进展5. V+against(介词): argaue against:（发表意见）反对/反驳 be against:反对 fight/struggle against:与做斗争go against:违背，反对；对.不利The case might go against him. He went against the

8、 advice of his colleagues and resigned. turn against:背叛; 对采取敌对态度 . Even those who are once for him begin to turn against him. warn against: 警告不要, 提醒提防 I would warn against such an adventureprevent /guard / provide against预防 We have to provide against accidents. These rules can prevent /guard against

9、 accidents. 6 V+ apart(副词或形容词: 分别/分开的)take apart拆开;剖析 tear apart:扯/拆开,使心碎 tell apart:分别/区别set apart:区别，突出 fall/come apart: 瓦解/崩溃7. V+ round(副词) get round 传开来; 四处走动It was not long before the news got round that Tracey was dating James.get sb round: 说服某人He is determined and wont give insee if you can

10、get him round get round to( doing) sth: 终于去做/找到时间做 I havent even got round to unpacking from my holiday e round:恢复/苏醒Pour some water on his face hell soon come round. Dont scold the boy; hell come round in time. 改变意见She will never come round (to our way of thinking).(非正式的)来访，到来；绕道 Come round when yo

11、u have time. Christmas will soon come round. bring. round/around(to.): 使某人恢复知觉 We managed to bring her round with some smelling salt.说服某人改变想法Bring him round to our point of view把话题转到. He brought the discussion round to football.8. V+aside(在一边,另外) put/leave/setaside:留出/拨出以备专用; 撇开/搁置一边不考虑 lay aside:暂放

12、一边 throw aside:抛弃aside from = besides 除.外(还有) 9. V+as(介词：充当/作为)serve as:充当，用作 act as: 扮演，充当 work as: 充当,担任工作 function as:充当（功能）10. V+at(介词) shout /yell at:对叫喊 knock at:敲 laugh at:嘲笑 fly at:扑向 point at:指向/着，对准 come at:袭击,达到 go at:扑向,尽力干 catch at:想抓住,渴望shoot/fire at:向开火 aim at旨在；瞄准；企图 target at把瞄准 att

13、empt at 尝试/企图; 努力 look at:看 stare at:盯着看;凝视 glare at:怒视 glance at瞥见，看一下(浏览) call at sp:访问某地 drop in at sp顺便走访某地 arrive at：到达; 达成 arrive at conclusion/agreementwork at:从事,钻研 wonder at:对惊奇 estimate at: 估计 11.V+ away(副词)put away: 放好/收好；储存备用;舍弃 give away:赠送，分送; 泄露 turn away:解雇; 把打发走send away:驱逐,解雇 clear

14、 away:清除，移走 wear away: 磨掉,(时间)消逝throw away:扔掉,抛弃 take away:拿走 smooth away:克服，消除 pass away:去世/逝世 go away:走开,离开 die away(风/声音)渐息/渐弱;(树木)凋零/枯萎12. V+ back(副词)keep back:阻挡; 隐瞒;扣留 hold back:忍住，抑制住 bring back: 拿回；使回想起，使恢复take back:带回；撤销/收回（说的话） give back:归还;反射(光等) get back 找回/取回;回来 call back:回电,召回处理 answer

15、 back:回嘴 pay back:偿还，向报复，回报 13. V+by(介词或副词): go by路过某地; 时间过去 pass by经过某地；(时间)逝去 stand by旁观(=look on);准备行动；支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守 14.V+ down(介词或副词)turn down:调低(音量等);拒绝某人 let sb down 使某人失望 put down：放下，记下，镇压note / put / take down:记下 take down取下；记下；拆卸 tear/pull down 拆毁 break down: 出毛病;破裂;崩溃；分解 burn down烧毁 cut do

16、wn: 削减，减少；杀死，砍倒keep down压制；控制，缩减开支 hold down 压制；抑制(热情等) 缩减 slow down使慢下来,减缓knock down击/撞倒;拆除;使降价 bring down使降落/下降,降价 go down:下降，减少；沉没go down with生病 lay down:放下，铺设 hand down:传递，遗传下来pass down: 传下来 fall down落下；跌到；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的 die down:渐熄calm down 平静/镇定下来 settle down定居;平静下来 settle down to安定下来专心于 get dow

17、n: 从下来;下车;写下;使沮丧 get down to开始认真做，着手做 15.V+for(介词)make for:向前进; 有利于/促进 head for驶向,走向 set sail for /set off for向某地驶去/出发leave for动身去某地 look for:寻找 hunt for搜索，寻找call for:需要/要求; 提倡; 邀约/约请(call for sb) wait for:等待 care for喜欢,关心 apply for请求/申请 answer for 对负责 be to blame for. 应对.负责 pay for 偿还, 赔偿 stand for

18、 代表，意味着，主张，支持 send for 派人去请某人 go for: 袭击；适用于；想要获得；喜爱 ask for:要求/要; 找某人(ask for sb) run for竞选 praise/punish/scold sb for.因.赞扬/惩罚/责骂sb account for是的原因;解释;占据 allow for:考虑到；顾及arrange for: 安排 struggle/fight for:为而斗争 fall for:迷恋/对倾心；上某人的当hope/wish /long for sth:希望/渴望 be dying/eager/thirty for.渴望16. V+forw

19、ard(副词) bring forward:提出; 将提前 put forward 提出; 促进；将钟拔前 push forward:推进/继续进行 Look forward:展望未来 look forward to (doing) sth盼望，期待 carry forward:推进;发扬 17. V+from(介词): learn from:向学习 suffer from:遭受/忍受 recover from:康复/恢复hear from (sb):收到某人信;有某人的消息 die from 死于 result from由引起rise from由引起/带来 differ from=vary

20、from与不同 benefit from得益于date from:始于 =date back to originate from:起源于 tell /distinguish.from.把.和.区别开来18. V+in(介词或副词)succeed in(doing) sth在成功 fail in在失败; 在不足/疏忽 believe in信任，信仰;相信存在lie in在于 result in 造成/引起 let in 让进入；放出来take in接受/吸/纳；理解，领会；欺骗某人 bring in引进；挣得(钱报酬等)；生产/ 收获 get in 进入；收获/收割；插入(话) break in

21、闯入;打断/插话（不及物） burst in 闯入;打断(不及物) cut in 插嘴, 插入超车turn in交还/上交；检举/告发(oneself自首); 睡觉，向内拐 draw in:收网 check in 登记, 报到 give in屈服/让步(give in to sb/sth) pull in 车子进站;靠边停下(=pull over) hand in 上交 drop in顺便走访(drop in on sb / at sp) bring in 挣得/赚;引进;生产 send in呈报，递送，提call in召集/请来, 回收 end in.:以告终 share in:分担 com

22、pete in:参加(竞争) join in:参加 participate in:参加 take part in参加 fill in:填写 involve. in:.使.卷入. 19. V+into(介词)get into 进入,卷入 look into 窥视/观察；调查 inquire into: 调杳 cut into 侵犯, 打断 break into 闯入;打断 burst into 闯入,突然起来(tears/laughters) dive into潜入;钻研 knock/run into偶然碰到某人 bump/knock/run into撞上 fall into:分成(类/组);开

23、始 develop into:发展成 turn/ change into变成20. V+of(介词)think of 考虑,想到/起, 认为（think of.as.） hear of听说(=hear about） die of 死于 dream of/about 梦见；梦想做 talk of/speak of 谈到/提到 tell of叙述、讲述 consist of（由组成=be made up of） approve of:赞成/批准 become of:.怎么样(What will become of Tom?) 21. V+off(副词或介词) set off出发 (=set out

24、), 引爆；引起 start off 出发(=start out) ring off 挂断电话 take off脱衣;打折(take 20% off)，请假(take 2 days off); 起飞，突然成功/盛行起来 hang off 畏缩不前, 迟疑 show off 炫耀/卖弄;使显眼 come off 举行/进行;成功;结果( well) go off 离开; 爆炸,声音响起 pay off还清债务; 得到回报，获得成功 cool off 变凉/冷却；冷静 drop off 让某人下车 break off 折断，中断 cut off 切断, 断绝, 截断，中断 turn off(关掉,

25、 避开;使厌烦(sb), give off 发出(光、声音等)，散发出(气味) call off 取消;制止住( the dog) put off 推迟;使打消/不想;使厌see sb off 为某人送行get off 下车 keep off 避开/不接近(=stay/keep away from) send off派遣, 解雇,送行come off从掉下来 pull off 脱/扯下; 努力实现/赢得 fall off(vt) 从掉下来；(vi) 下降/降低 22. V+on(介词或副词): get on 上车 take on 呈现;雇用;承担;受欢迎/流行 call on 拜访某人;号召/

26、呼吁 depend on 依赖/靠;取决于;信任 rely on 依赖, 依靠 operate on 给某人动手术 work on 从事/写书；影响 live on 以.为主食;靠.生活 insist on坚持(doing sth) agree on就达成一致 act on对.起作用, 按.行动, 作用于 comment / remark on/about评论 focus on 集中于，以为中心 concentrate on 专注于 fix on:确定/选定(日期/地点等)hold on 别挂电话/稍等；坚持 hang on 不挂断 walk/move on 继续前行 go on发生/进行,

27、继续 catch on变得流行, 理解 look on旁观; 看待( sb as) put on 穿上, 装出/假装; 上演, 增加 try on 试穿 pull on 匆忙地穿/戴haveon 穿着 turn on 打开，展现出 catch on 钩/卡/绊在上bring on(=bring upon)引起/惹来; 使加速生长 count on 依靠;期待，指望 carry on 继续开展，进行下去23. V+out(副词)give out vi 用尽/精疲力竭; vt.分发, 发表/布, 发出(气味/热) run out vi.用光/耗尽 run out of. vt.把.用光burst

28、out 迸发；突然.起来(laughing/crying) break out vi.爆发 set out 出发； 着手（ to do sth) start out 出发 stand out(突出;显眼) stick out突出/显眼; 伸出, come out 出来;长出; 公开; 出版；结果 go out 出去, 熄灭, 过时 turn out 结果是; 生产 work out vi.锻炼, 结果; vt.算出,解决,制订出,了解某人 die out 灭绝,(习俗)逐渐消失 look/watch out (for.)当心 pull out撤离,离站(=pull away) check ou

29、t 付帐后离开 drop out中途退出；辍学 help sb out 帮助摆脱困难 make out理解;辨认出;编造 figure out计算出;领会到 act out表演出来;把付锗行动 speak out大胆/大声地说 read out大声地读出来send out放出，发送, 派遣 put out关熄/扑灭; 生产,困扰某人 hand out:分发 cut out 切掉/裁剪出；中止 leave out 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑 bring out 使显露； 生产 wear out:穿坏/用坏;使疲劳(=tire sb out) find out弄明白/查明;揭发 tear out撕下,

30、 扯下let out 发出叫喊;泄漏; 放宽/大;出租 carry out 实施，执行 try out 试验 point out 指出 pick out 挑选出 keep out 把挡在外面think out:想出 clear out:清除，扫出 kick out:解雇 24. V+ over(副词)think over仔细考虑 hand over 移交；让与 take over 接任；接管；接收get over做完;痊愈/康复;克服 look over 翻阅/浏览;检查 go over 仔细检查;复习 turn over 打翻;翻页/阅；移交;反复考虑 run over:浏览,车压过 win over:战胜；争取/说服 watch over: 查看，监视 pull over( vi) 靠岸, 开到路边 come over (vi)上前来，顺便来访25 .V+through(介词或副词)look through审核;浏览;看穿 break through 突破;克服 go through 经历;仔细查看;被批准/