新视野3课后答案翻译.docx

1、新视野3课后答案翻译新视野 3 课后答案翻译篇一：新视野第三版 第一册 课后翻译答案】unit 1 原文： socrates was a classical greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals （ 基础） of modern westernphilosophy. he is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his mos

2、t famous student plato.socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. his method of teaching, known as the socratic method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions.

3、he also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology （ 认识论 ） and logic, and theinfluence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for western philosophy that followed.socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. his fame was widesp

4、read in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect （ 宗派 ）.翻译： 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一 个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其 是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学 的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答 来激发批判性思维以及阐述观

5、点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使 用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域做出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想 和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底 是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。 虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什 么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。原文： 孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派 （confucianism ）的创始人，被尊称为古代的 “圣人 ”（sage ）。 他 的言论和生平活动记录在论语（ the analects ）一书中。论语 是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治 家产生了

6、很大影响。不研究论语，就不能真正把握中国几千年 的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产 生了深远的影响。在 21 世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的 重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。翻译：confucius was a great thinker and educator in chinese history. he was the founder of confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient sage. his words and life story were recorded

7、 in the analects. an enduring classic of ancient chinese culture, the analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after confucius. without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years traditional chinese culture. much of confuc

8、ius thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on chinese society. in the 21st century, confucian thought not only retains the attention of the chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.unit 2原文： christmas is a widely observed

9、cultural holiday, celebrated on december 25 by millions of people around the world. it commemorates （ 纪念） the birth of jesus christ. thefestival dated from as early as 336 ad. gradually it evolved into a religious as well as secular （ 非宗教的 ） celebration, celebratedby an increasing number of non-chri

10、stians. today christmas is observed as an important festival and public holiday around the world. christmas customs differ in different countries. popular modern customs of the holiday include an exchange of christmas cards and gifts, christmas singing, church attendance, the display of various chri

11、stmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal preparation. to small children, the festival is full of fantasy and surprise. legend （ 传说） has it that santa claus will enter each house through the chimney and bring gifts to well-behaved children on christmas eve. because gift-givi

12、ng and many other aspects of the christmas festival heighten economic activity among both christians and non-christians, the holiday has alsobecome a significant event and a key sales period for businesses.翻译： 圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在 1 2 月 2 5 日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶 稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元 3 3 6 年。渐渐地，这一节

13、日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也 庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假 日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节 风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、 摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的 大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣 诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼 物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒 的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。 原文： 每 年 农 历( chinese lunar ca

14、lendar )八 月 十 五 是我 国 的传统节日 中秋节(the mid-autumn festival )。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。 夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆 的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之 情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自 2008 年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日 翻译： according to the chinese lunar calendar, august 15 of every year is a traditional chinese fe

15、stival the mid-autumn festival. this day is the middle of autumn, so it is called mid-autumn.one of the important mid-autumn festival activities is to enjoy the moon. on that night, people gather together to celebrate the mid-autumn festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. the

16、festival is also a time for family reunion. people living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival. there are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing peoples love and hope for a happy life. since 2008, the mid-autumn festi

17、val has become an official national holiday in china.unit 3原文：he london underground is a rapid transit （ 交通运输系统 ）system in the united kingdom, serving a large part of greater london. the underground system is also known as the tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway tunnels. it all start

18、ed in the mid-1800s. the tube was the worlds first underground train system, with the first section opening in 1863. since then it has grown to an underground masterpiece （杰作） of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail track, 45% of which is underground. it is the fourth largest metro sys

19、tem in the world in terms of route miles. it also has one of the largest numbers of stations. as an affordable and easy way to get around london, the tube remains the first choice for millions of commuters each day, as well as tourists visiting the city on holidays. the tube has been an internationa

20、l icon for london. the london underground celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013, with various events marking the milestone （里程碑 ）.翻译： 伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分 地区。地铁系统因其地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦 地铁始建于 19 世纪中期，是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。它的第一 段地铁于 1863 年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一 个包括 12 条线路、 275 个车站、铁轨总长超过 250

21、英里的地铁杰作， 其中有 45在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁 系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经 济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游 历伦敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。 2013 年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营 150 周年，纪念这一 里程碑。 原文：中国航天业开创于 1956 年。几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个 又一个奇迹。 1970 年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为 世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。 1992 年， 中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（ manned sp

22、aceflight program ）。 2003 年，中国成功发射了神舟五号载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发 射载人飞船的国家。 2007 年发射了嫦娥一号，即第一颗绕月球飞行 （ lunar-orbiting ）的人造卫星。 2013 年，第五艘载人飞船神舟十号 发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。翻译：chinas space industry was launched in 1956. over the past decades, chinas space industry has created one miracle after another. in 1970 china lau

23、nched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking china the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites. in 1992 china began to carry out the manned spaceflight program. in 2003 china launched shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. the successful launch made chi

24、na the third country to launch manned spaceships. in 2007 change-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. in 2013 shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the chinese space station.unit 4原文： as one of the first e

25、uropeans to travel across asia through china, marco polo is perhaps the most well-known foreign merchant and voyager to the chinese people. he traveled extensively （ 广泛地 ） with his family, journeying from europe to asia from 1271 to 1295. he remained in china for 17 of those years. his book the trav

26、els of marco polo depicts his journeys throughout asia, giving europeans their first comprehensive look into the far east, including china, india, and japan. from his written accounts the westerners learned of porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk for the first time. the wealth

27、 of new geographic information recorded by polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16th centuries during the age of the european voyages of discovery and conquest （ 征服）. in the centuries since his death, marco polo has received the recognition that failed to come his way during his lifetime. m

28、arco polos story has inspired countless other adventurers to set off and see the world.翻译： 作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可 ? 波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人和航海家。从 1271 年到 1295 年，他和 他的家人游历广泛，遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在中国留居了 17 年。 他的著作马可 ?波罗游记描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首 次全面领略了包括中国、印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。从他 的文字叙述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、 纸币以及丝绸。在 15 世纪末和 16

29、世纪欧洲发现与征服的大航海时 代，马可 ? 波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去 世后的这几个世纪里，马可 ? 波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞 誉。马可 ? 波罗的故事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世 界。原文： 郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家( maritime explorer )。 公元 1405 年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防( border defense )和开 展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋( the western seas )。在此后的 28 年 里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有 10 多万人，访问了 30 多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直

30、到非洲大陆。郑和 下西洋是世界航海( navigation )史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越 的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威( national strength and prestige )，加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。 翻译： zheng he was the most famous maritime explorer in chinese history. in 1405 ad, the ruler of the ming dynasty sent zheng he on a voyage to the western seas in order to strengthe

31、n border defense and develop trade by sea. in the following 28 years, zheng he led his fleet, made seven voyages to the western seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. the fleet traveled far into south asia and west asia, and made all the way to

32、the continent of africa. zheng hes voyages to the western seas were a great feat in the worlds navigation history. it showed zheng hes outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the ming dynasty, and strengthened the relationships b

33、etween the ming dynasty and the overseas countries. unit 5 原文：the first written records of the ancient olympic games date to 776 bc. the ancient olympics were held every four years between august 6 and september 19 during a religious festival honoring zeus ( 宙斯 ). the first modern olympics were held in athens, greece, in 18