二轮复习英语练酷版练习专题四 习题讲评 课五.docx

1、二轮复习英语练酷版练习专题四 习题讲评 课五 选考点冠词、代词及其他技法一 根据特指或泛指选择冠词1.(2018全国卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.解析：the此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示“在过去的25年里”。2(2017全国卷)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then buildin

2、g a strong roof over top.解析：the此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。3(2017全国卷)Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as model in New York.解析：a句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特每天挣6 500英镑。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指“一个”，故填a。4(2018湖北七市联考) great Chinese poet Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty once compared Yang Yuhuans beautiful face to blooming p

3、eonies (牡丹)解析：The句中Li Bai作poet的同位语，而介词短语“from the Tang Dynasty”是后置定语，所以空格处应填定冠词The表示特指。5(2018福州期末) center of the city Beijing was the royal palace the Forbidden City.解析：The句意：北京城的中心是皇宫紫禁城。根据该句中的“of the city Beijing”可知，该处特指“北京城的中心”，故用定冠词The。6(2018福州四校联考)On topic of classical music, I always love the

4、clapping and the cheering which come at the end of a concert.解析：the此处表示特指，故用定冠词the。7(2018太原阶段测评)Society even glorifies “burning the candle at both ends” as sign of our devotion to work and family.解析：a此处指作为我们对工作和家庭的奉献的一种标志，表示泛指，故用a。8(2018陕西质量检测一)There is saying in education that Harvard is the crown

5、of American education and Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.解析：a该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。技法二 根据固定搭配选择冠词1.(2018全国卷改编)In tonights Easter special they come to aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.解析：the固定短语come to the aid of “给帮助”。2(2018全国卷)Un

6、expectedly, Im facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.解析：theat the top of ones lungs是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。3(2017全国卷)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.解析：a句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”，故填a。4(2016全国卷)G

7、ive your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.解析：afor a while“一会儿”，为固定短语。5(2018太原二模)Then he opened one of his bags and gave me handful of freshly picked cherries, explaining that he had just taken them from his orchard.解析：a固定搭配a handful of意为“一

8、把”，故用不定冠词a。6People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at early age and the preference affects learning.解析：anat an early age“在幼年时”，形容词early的读音以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an来修饰。7You are working so hard.Youd better keep balance between work and relaxation.解析：akeep a balance为固定搭配，意为“保持平衡”，故此处应填a

9、。8As you know, science plays very important role in our education.解析：aplay an important role in .为固定搭配，意为“在中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)”，因为空格后有读音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。技法三 根据所指对象确定代词1.(2017全国卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every da

10、y.解析：ituse是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处应用it指代前面提到的the railway。2(2016浙江高考改编)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.解析：that句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系与英国的并没有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知，这里指代前面的不可数名词the education system，为避免重复，所以用that。3(2015广东高考)Now it occurred to that his farm had much potential and

11、 that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.解析：himIt occurred to sb. that .意为“某人突然想到”，根据语境可知此处指突然发生在他身上的事情。4(2018湖南长郡中学检测)However, quite a few others, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”解析：those根据语境可知，空格处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故用代词thos

12、e。5(2018湖北八校第一次联考)Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders, saying qing (please)”解析：it此处表示：在喝酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。根据该句中的“Before drinking from his cup, he held with his hands”可知，空格处指代该句中的“cup”，故用it。技法四 根据所作成分确定代

13、词的转换1.(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive.解析：them人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。them在此作find的宾语，指代上文的the gorillas。 2(20176月浙江高考)“She thought I had hurt (I)，” says Pahlsson.解析：myself句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己。”宾语从句中的主语为I，空格处为宾语，替代主语时，应用反身代词。故填myself。3(2016全国卷)On m

14、y recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by (it) mother.解析：its句意：最近的一次参观中，“我”抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎中的一个，它被它的妈妈遗弃了。根据句意可知此处应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语。4(2018四川成都九校联考)At that time, I thought he was a strange man who got on (I) nerves.解析：my此处表示这个男人会让我心烦。由句意以及句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词，故填my。

15、get on ones nerves“烦扰，使心神不定”。5(2019南昌一模)The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls (it) “the oldest water town in China”解析：itself句意：江苏周庄自称“中国最古老的水乡”。根据语境可知，应用反身代词itself。6At the end of the Qing Dynasty, after closed China came under the influence from abroad, many old hutongs lost (they) former neat

16、arrangement.解析：their根据空格后的名词短语“former neat arrangement” 可知，空格处修饰该名词短语，故用形容词性物主代词。7(2018惠州第二次调研)The unnamed woman admitted to regularly playing the game for seven or eight hours without moving and finally lost (she) right eyesight.解析：her根据空格后的“right eyesight”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填her。8(2018昆明调研)In th

17、e tour packages, tourists can imagine (they) to be ancient merchants by riding camels in deserts.解析：themselves本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，所以要用反身代词。技法五 代词固定搭配、固定句式要记全1.(2018全国卷) If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps w

18、e should all give a try.解析：it/running此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，故填名词running，也可用it指代。give it/sth. a try是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。2(2018福州期末)And the hutong today is fading into the shade for tourists and local people.解析：bothboth .and .为固定搭配，意为“两者都”。3(2018洛阳市第一次统考)The tour guide told us there were almost 8,700 rooms in th

19、e Palace Museum.During the Ming Dynasty, construction began in 1406. took 14 years to build the Forbidden City.解析：It“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“花费(某人)多长时间做某事”，故此处应用It作形式主语。4(2018广州调研)Microbes cant survive on (they) own. They need food.解析：theiron ones own为固定用法，意为“单独地，独自地”。5(2018重庆第一

20、次调研)There are mainly 3 stone areas. One big area seems to be deep and dark red. two areas seem almost yellow and green.解析：Another根据上文中的“3 stone areas”和“One big area”可知，这里用Another。Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。技法六 熟记基数词和序数词的相互转换1.(2018福州期末)However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs

21、still occupy one (three) of the total area, providing housing for half population, so many hutongs survived.解析：third该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子占整个地区的三分之一”，表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，故填third。2(2018日照联考)Many of these workers are young, and some are even in their (twenty)解析：twentiesin ones twenties为固定用法，意为“在某人二十多岁的时候”。3

22、I dont think the British opera you told me about this morning is worth seeing a (two) time.解析：second句意：我认为今天早上你跟我谈到的那部英国歌剧不值得再看一次。“a序数词”表示“再一，又一”。4According to one study, two (five) of the boys of middle school in urban India are getting some afterschool tutoring.解析：fifths句意：根据一项调查，在印度城市里，上中学的男孩中的五分

23、之二都上课外辅导班。分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词表示。如果分子大于1，序数词用复数。1不定冠词“一”“再”“惯”(1)在单数可数名词前，表示“一”概念；(2)在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”；(3)用于某些习惯用法，常见的搭配有：catch a cold, have a fever, all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, as a result, have a gift for, make a living, have/take a rest, give sb. a lift, have a good knowledge of等。They found a

24、n apartment in America.They were there for only a month.他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅一个月。As the old saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.”常言道，“罗马不是一天建成的。”He missed the gold medal in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是，在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。2定冠“特”“序”“独”“专”“乐”“惯”(1)

25、特指某人或某事；(2)用在序数词及最高级前；(3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专用名词前；(4)用在乐器名词前；(5)用在固定搭配中，如：at the same time, on the contrary, to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, in the middle of, on the spot等。As is known to all, the Peoples Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.众所周知，中华人

26、民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays it after school.这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴，经常放学后演奏。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，就会越少犯错误。3代词选用前后看(1)填it的情况：作形式主语和形式宾语一定用it；指代前面提到的同一个物体；固定搭配，如make it(成功)，as sb. puts it (正如某人所说)。(2)语境中给出两个选择的情况：二者选其一，用either

27、；二者都不选，用neither；二者都选，用both。(3)表示其他或另外的情况：若表示“另外一个”，即暗指除这个之外的另一个，用another; other和others均表示不确定意义，其中other可以修饰名词，而others后不能接名词，两者的关系可描述为：othersother复数名词。Some like staying at home at the weekend; others like going to the cinema.一些人喜欢周末待在家里，另一些人喜欢去看电影。It worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.他老是改变

28、主意，这让我很厌烦。4基数词和序数词对比记忆onefirst; twosecond; threethird; fourfourth; fivefifth; sixsixth; sevenseventh; eighteighth; nineninth; tententh; twentytwentieth; thirtythirtieth; fortyfortiethBeijing is the second largest city in China.北京是中国第二大城市。1受惯性思维模式影响，看到元音字母就用an，看到辅音字母就用a；看到very 就用the考生在做题时要注意：若可数名词或其前

29、的修饰词的读音以元音音素开头，则要用不定冠词an，如an NBA player, an Xray examination, an 11yearold girl；若可数名词或其前的修饰词的读音以辅音音素开头，则用不定冠词a。特别要注意useful, universal, uniform, united等词前的不定冠词要用a; hour, honest, honor等词前的不定冠词要用an。(2018日照联考)Many people may think the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum, is outstanding and oldfashioned

30、 museum.分析：根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词；又因为空格后单词“outstanding”的读音以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。(2018湖南长郡中学检测)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and it very often ends with unique banquet.分析：空格后的banquet为可数名词，表示泛指，且unique的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。The Tianzishan mountain ranges, Baofenghu and the Suoxi Valley, is very pop

31、ular filming and tourist destination.分析：destination为可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。2代词it 用法灵活，句式结构不会分析it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。(2018浙江高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.分析：分析句子结构可知，该宾语从句中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。