计算机网络课程设计报告校园网构建方案的设计和实现.docx

1、计算机网络课程设计报告校园网构建方案的设计和实现 XX大学计算机科学与技术学院计算机网络课程设计报告 校园网构建方案的设计和实现专业班级： 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导教师： 日 期： 一设计任务及要求1.任务： 某高校现有三个地理位置分离的分校区，每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，现准备通过教科网接入因特网。而从教科网只申请到4个C类网络（222.191.1.0-222.191.4.0）,为了安全，要求每个分校区的学生公寓子网和教师子网不在同一个广播域。同时，学校有若干台应用服务器，同时对内和对外提供web等网络服务。设计网络构建方案并实施该校园网络。2.要求：(1) 根据具体情况，完成需求分

2、析(2) 列出实验所需设备，完成网络拓扑结构图(3) 完成各项设备的具体配置(4) 调试运行二基本思路及相关理论1.基本思路：(1)由于每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，C类网络无法满足该数量级的主机地址需求， 因此在三个校区以及服务器区中使用B类私网地址172.16.0.0。(2)由于校园网内使用的是私网地址，所以需要在边界路由器上配置网络地址转换（NAT），校园网内主机访问外网时使用动态地址转换，内网服务器使用静态地址转换来给外网提供服务。(3)由于每个校区入网信息点有2000多个，若手动为每台主机配置ip地址，那么工程量是极大的，而且主机的添加与删除对网络的影响也较大。为了解决这一问题，

3、并且便于网络管理，需要配置DHCP服务。(4)任务要求每个分校区的学生公寓子网和教师子网不在同一个广播域，那么使用VLAN技术来满足这一要求，创建两个VLAN，分别是VlanStudent和VlanTeacher。(5)使用三层交换机来实现VlanStudent和VlanTeacher之间的通信，使用路由器来实现不同校区之间的通信。(6)配置DNS服务器给校园网内的WEB Server和提供域名解析，给用户提供人性化的服务。2.相关理论：(1)ip的层次结构、寻址方案以及每种类别的ip地址所能提供的最大主机数(2)子网划分的原理及步骤(3)可变长子网掩码（VLSM）对ip地址利用率的最大化(4

4、)vlan技术分隔广播域(5)三层交换机实现VLAN间路由(6)动态路由协议OSPF实现路由汇聚，提供不同校区间的路由(7)使用命令default-information originate来向OSPF域中注入默认路由(8)主机跨网段请求DNS服务的实现 三方案设计（网络设备和拓扑结构）四网络的具体配置(1)三个校区以及服务器区的接入层交换机提供足够多的以太网接口，使用默认配置即可。(2)汇聚层交换机的配置a.校区一的三层交换机的配置如下：Building configuration.Current configuration : 1868 bytes!version 12.2no servi

5、ce timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname Switch!ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.3.254ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.7.254!ip dhcp pool VlanStudent network 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.3.254 dns-server 172.16.48

6、.30ip dhcp pool VlanTeacher network 172.16.4.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.7.254 dns-server 172.16.48.30ip routing!interface FastEthernet0/1 no switchport no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown!interface FastEthernet0/2!interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface Fas

7、tEthernet0/5!interface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthernet0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!interface FastEthernet0/11!interface FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13!interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface FastEtherne

8、t0/16!interface FastEthernet0/17!interface FastEthernet0/18!interface FastEthernet0/19!interface FastEthernet0/20!interface FastEthernet0/21!interface FastEthernet0/22 no switchport ip address 172.16.48.1 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/23 switchport access vlan 3 swit

9、chport mode access!interface FastEthernet0/24 switchport access vlan 2 switchport mode access!interface GigabitEthernet0/1!interface GigabitEthernet0/2!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!interface Vlan2 ip address 172.16.3.254 255.255.252.0!interface Vlan3 ip address 172.16.7.254 255.255.252.0!r

10、outer ospf 100 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.4.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.48.0 0.0.0.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4 login!endb.校区二的三层交换机的配置如下：Building configuration.Current configuration : 1888 bytes!version 12.2no service timestamps lo

11、g datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname Switch!ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.23.254ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.19.254!ip dhcp pool VlanStudent network 172.16.16.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.19.254 dns-server 172.16.48.30ip dhcp p

12、ool VlanTeacher network 172.16.20.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.23.254 dns-server 172.16.48.30ip routing!no ip domain-lookup!interface FastEthernet0/1 no switchport no ip address duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/2!interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface Fa

13、stEthernet0/5!interface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthernet0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!interface FastEthernet0/11!interface FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13!interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface FastEthern

14、et0/16!interface FastEthernet0/17!interface FastEthernet0/18!interface FastEthernet0/19!interface FastEthernet0/20!interface FastEthernet0/21!interface FastEthernet0/22 no switchport ip address 172.16.48.5 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/23 switchport access vlan 3 swi

15、tchport mode access!interface FastEthernet0/24 switchport access vlan 2 switchport mode access!interface GigabitEthernet0/1!interface GigabitEthernet0/2!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!interface Vlan2 ip address 172.16.19.254 255.255.252.0!interface Vlan3 ip address 172.16.23.254 255.255.252.

16、0!router ospf 100 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.16.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.20.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.48.4 0.0.0.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4 login!endc.校区三的三层交换机的配置如下：Current configuration : 1888 bytes!version 12.2no service timestamps log datetime msecno

17、service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname Switch!ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.35.254ip dhcp excluded-address 172.16.39.254!ip dhcp pool VlanStudent network 172.16.32.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.35.254 dns-server 172.16.48.30ip dhcp pool VlanTeacher ne

18、twork 172.16.36.0 255.255.252.0 default-router 172.16.39.254 dns-server 172.16.48.30ip routing!no ip domain-lookup!interface FastEthernet0/1 no switchport no ip address duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/2!interface FastEthernet0/3!interface FastEthernet0/4!interface FastEthernet0/5!inte

19、rface FastEthernet0/6!interface FastEthernet0/7!interface FastEthernet0/8!interface FastEthernet0/9!interface FastEthernet0/10!interface FastEthernet0/11!interface FastEthernet0/12!interface FastEthernet0/13!interface FastEthernet0/14!interface FastEthernet0/15!interface FastEthernet0/16!interface F

20、astEthernet0/17!interface FastEthernet0/18!interface FastEthernet0/19!interface FastEthernet0/20!interface FastEthernet0/21!interface FastEthernet0/22 no switchport ip address 172.16.48.9 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/23 switchport access vlan 3 switchport mode acces

21、s!interface FastEthernet0/24 switchport access vlan 2 switchport mode access!interface GigabitEthernet0/1!interface GigabitEthernet0/2!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!interface Vlan2 ip address 172.16.35.254 255.255.252.0!interface Vlan3 ip address 172.16.39.254 255.255.252.0!router ospf 100

22、log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.32.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.36.0 0.0.3.255 area 0 network 172.16.48.8 0.0.0.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4 login!end(3)核心层路由器的配置a.与校区一相连的路由器Router1Building configuration.Current configuration : 825 bytes!version 12.4no service timestamps lo

23、g datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname Router!no ip domain-lookup!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 172.16.48.2 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown!interface Serial0

24、/0/0 ip address 172.16.48.26 255.255.255.252 clock rate 4000000!interface Serial0/0/1 ip address 172.16.48.21 255.255.255.252!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!router ospf 100 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.48.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.20 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.24 0.0.0

25、.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!endb.与校区二相连的路由器Router2Building configuration.Current configuration : 825 bytes!version 12.4no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname

26、Router!no ip domain-lookup!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 172.16.48.6 255.255.255.252 duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown!interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 172.16.48.25 255.255.255.252!interface Serial0/0/1 ip address 172.16.48.13 255.2

27、55.255.252 clock rate 4000000!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!router ospf 100 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.48.4 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.24 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.12 0.0.0.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!endc.与校

28、区三相连的路由器Router3Building configuration.Current configuration : 806 bytes!version 12.4no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname Router!no ip domain-lookup!interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 172.16.48.10 255.255.255.252 dup

29、lex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown!interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 172.16.48.17 255.255.255.252!interface Serial0/0/1 ip address 172.16.48.14 255.255.255.252!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!router ospf 100 log-adjacency-changes network 172.16.48.8 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.12 0.0.0.3 area 0 network 172.16.48.16 0.0.0.3 area 0!ip classless!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronousline vty 0 4 login!endd.校园网的出口路由器Router4Building con