大学英语四级语法考点复习汇总重点.docx

1、大学英语四级语法考点复习汇总重点2021大学英语四级语法考点复习汇总（重点）1.英语四级语法考点复习：ago与beforeago与before的用法区别1)两者均可表示在多久时间“以前”(要放在表示一段时间的词语之后)，但有区别：ago从现在向前回溯，即现在的过去，因此通常与一般过去时连用;而 before则从过去向前回溯，即指过去的过去，因此通常与过去完成时连用(尤其用于宾语从句中)。如：I bought the computer two years ago. 我是两年前买这台电脑的。He said they had left five days before. 他说他们 5 天前就离开了。

2、注：在表示推测或为使语境生动的句子中，有时也可用ago代替before.如：He must have left a week ago. 想必他在一星期前就离开了。I had thought that he had died at least 20 years ago. 我原以为他至少在 20 年前就已经去世了。(2)before 有时单独使用(即不连用具体时间)，泛指一般意义的“以前”，此时可用于一般过去时，也可用于现在完成时。如：He didnt know that before. 他以前不知道此事。I have been there before. 我以前去过那儿。2.英语四级语法考点复习

3、：deep与deeplydeep与deeply副词的区别有的与形容词同形的副词与以-ly结尾的副词意义差别不是很大。我们可从以下几个方面来区分：位置不同：在动词之前或句首通常只用ly副词。如：He slowly drove the car into the garage.他把车慢慢地开进车库。Quickly everybody stood up.大家很快地站起来。但在动词后，两种副词都可用。如：He drives slow/slowly.他的车开得很慢。He sold it cheap/cheaply.他将它便宜卖了。含义不同：与形容词同形的副词通常指具体情况，而-ly副词多指抽象概念。请比较

4、：He is sitting close to me.他就坐在我边上。Watch closely what I do.仔细瞧我怎么做的。I went deep into the woods.我深入到树林中。Her story moved me deeply.她的故事使我深受感动。The plane was flying high.这架飞机飞得很高。He think highly of your work.他对你的工作评价很高。He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。习惯

5、搭配不同：如：1.在stand firm(站稳)和hold firm(固守)中不用firmly.2.在fair and square(正大光明地)和play fair(公平办事)中不用fairly.3.在take it easy(别着急)，go easy(从容不迫)，easier said than done(说来容易做来难)，easy come，easy go(易得则易失)等中不用easily.4.在sound asleep(熟睡)，wide open(完全开着)，wide awake(完全醒了)中不用soundly或widely.3.地点状语从句英语四级重点语法知识：地点状语从句状语从句的

6、考点为：1、非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if;2、由even if/so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句;just/hardly.when引导的时间状语从句;more than，as.as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语+分词的形式出现。4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用。5、定语从句重点考查介词+关系代词(which)和as作为关系代词。状语从句状语从句：两个独立的句子中间用一些含义

7、不同的连接词连接;状语从句用来表达两个句子之间的逻辑关系;分成原因状语、条件状语、结果状语、时间状语、地点状语、让步状语、目的状语、比较状语、方式状语等九大类型;eg：I got up late.I was late for school.Because I got up late, I was late for school. (原因状语从句)I got up late，so I was late for school. (结果状语从句)地点状语：地点状语从句通常由where，wherever，everywhere 引导;eg：Where I live there are plenty of

8、 trees.Wherever you work, you will gain much valuable experience as long as you are willing to work.Wherever=no matter whereEverywhere they went, they were warmly received.Where there is a will, there is a way.where：不能翻译成在地方时，通常翻译为如果，表示在条件下;eg: Where you are confident，you will succeed.eg：Where previ

9、ously the bank had concentrated on the big infrastructure projects , such as dams, roads and bridges，it begin to switch to projects which directly improved the basic services of a country.concentrated on ：集中于4.语法用法辨析：fit，match，suit的区别英语四级语法用法辨析：fit，match，suit的区别fit 与suit可指衣服“合适”或“适合”的意思。fit 指大小、尺寸合体

10、，suit指颜色，花样或款式适合。如：The coat fits me well. 这件上衣我穿着很合身。The colour of the cloth suits a woman at my wifes age. 这布的颜色适合我妻子年龄的妇女穿。match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。如：The Peoples Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian An Men beautifully. 人民大会堂和历史博物馆与天安门陪衬得极为优美。1. I cant go that far .Long plane trips d

11、ont _ me.A. agree with B. agree toC. fit for D. match with2. He knows a lot about film .No one in our class can _ him in that knowledge.A. catch B. suitC. compare D. match1-2解：AD.3. The shirt is two sizes _ for me. Would you please show me another one?A. larger B. too largeC. more large D. very larg

12、e解：B习惯用语问题。说明：英语中，表示“(衣帽等)太大或太小因而不合适”，须用 too large/small for sb. “对某人大几号为”“sizes too large for sb.”5.work 和 do 在口语中的用法/apologize与apology的用法英语四级语法用法辨析：work 和 do 在口语中的用法请看下面的这道题：How do you feel after taking the medicine?Oh, it _. Im feeling much better now.A. costs B. loses C. does D. works分析：此题应选D。容易

13、误选C。在口语中，动词do, work有两个用法值得注意。如：1. work 表示“行得通”或“奏效”等。如：The plan worked well. 这个计划很起作用。The drug will not work. 这药不会起作用。It worked like a charm. 这产生了奇效。Your idea wont work in practice. 你的想法实际上行不通。Will these new methods work? 这些新方法会奏效吗?I think your suggestion will work. 我想你的建议会奏效的。The medicine worked an

14、d the pain went away soon. 这药效很好，疼痛很快就消失了。2. do 表示“行”、“适合”、“凑合”。如：Will that do? 那行吗?Any dictionary will do. 什么词典都行。This wont do. Ill take that. 这个不行，我要那个。Im terribly hungry. Get me something to eat, please. Anything will do. 我饿极了，请给我弄点吃的东西来，什么都行。When shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再见面?Any time will do.

15、Its all the same to me. 什么时候都行，我无所谓。英语四级语法用法辨析：apologize与apology的用法一、apologize的用法1. 表示“道歉”，通常是不及物动词，要表示向某人道歉，用介词to, 要表示因为某原因而道歉或替某人道歉，用介词 for。如：First, I must apologize to you. 首先，我要向你们表示歉意。I apologize for not writing before. 我此前未能写信，谨表歉意。Karen phoned the other day to apologize for her behaviour. 卡伦前

16、几天打电话来对她的行为表示歉意。2. 由于 apologize 是不及物动词，所以在其后接 that从句是错误的。如：我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。误：I apologized that I stepped on her foot.正：I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.二、apology的用法1. 表示“道歉”，通常是可数名词，可以连用不定冠词，也可用复数形式。如：Theres no need for apologies. 不必道歉。I have to begin with an apology. 我得首先表示歉意。2. 要表示向某人道歉，用

17、介词 to;要表示因为某原因而道歉或替某人道歉，用介词 for。如：I make no apology to him for what I said. 我没有因说了些什么而向他道歉。I must offer her an apology for not going to her party. 我必须为未参加她的晚会表示歉意。6.原因状语从句/让步状语从句英语四级重点语法知识：原因状语从句比较：because, since, as和for1)because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。I didnt go, be

18、cause I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.英语四级重点语法知识：让步状语从句though, although注意：当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有

19、but，但是 though 和yet可连用Although its raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。(谚语)典型例题1) _she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. WhenB. However C. Although D. Un

20、less答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。2)as, though 引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Try hard as

21、he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。3)ever if, even though.即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.4) whetheror- 不管都Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5)no matter +疑问词 或疑问词+后缀everNo matter what happene

22、d, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换：no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = however注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。(错)No matter what you say is of no use now.(对)Whatever you say

23、is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)(错)Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given,(对)Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。7.看书和读书请看下面两个句子：1. Ive _ your book with pleasure.2. Students must not _ their books whilehaving an exam.A. read，read B. looked at，looked

24、atC. read，looked at D. looked at，read此题应选C。容易误选A，这要从英语对“读书”和“看书”的表达习惯说起：汉语的“看书”和“读书”，其实有两层含义：1. 指阅读性地“看书”或“读书”，此时一般是用动词read：He has read through all these books. 他已通读了所有这些书。When I entered，he was reading a book. 我进来时他正在看书。Ive read your book with pleasure. 我已高兴地拜读了你的大作。2. 不指阅读性地“看书”，而只是大概地看一看，比如看看书的封面、

25、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句等，或者是考试时偷看书本等，此时通常用look at，see等：Can I look at those books? 我可以看看那些书吗?He demanded to see my books. 他要求看看我的书。Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 请不看书回答我的问题。Students must not look at their books during examinations. 学生考试不准看书。8.语法与句型1. 某些分隔结构1) 动词短语相关部分被分

26、隔(当make use of ，take notice of，pay attention to，等动词短语变成被动语态时)。Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.2)双重定语引起的分隔。But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, appears as

27、 the ground of it.2. to be doingwhen是一个句型，多译为某人正在做时，突然。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home together at about 10 oclock, when a very big, very tall man, accosted them and demanded their purses.3. tooto句型Then I remembe

28、red how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.4. so much that句型But he developed gradually a very musical English. He learnt to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a m

29、isty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.5. when引导状语从句有时并不好译，不能一看到when从句就考虑译为当的时候，它还有许多种译法。Anything is better than not to write clearly. There is nothing to be said against lucidity, and against simplicity only the possibility of dryness. This is a risk that is

30、 well worth taking when you reflect how much better it is to be bold than to wear a curly wig.6. notbecause，有时可否定前面，有时可否定because本身，往往出现歧义。应根据上下文面判定。In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was; nor, because she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilc

31、ox a better poet than Father Hopkins.7. sothat, suchthat是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies, else the day is lost, or superiority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.8. by doing结构。这个结构的意思是通过(做)，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that su