初中英语现在完成时.docx

1、初中英语现在完成时现在完成时.含义：表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。结构:助动词have/ has +过去分词done 肯定句： 主语+ have/ has +过去分词done否定句： 主语+ have/ has + not + 过去分词 done一般疑问句： Have/ Has +主语+过去分词done简略答语： Yes,主语+ have/ has.No,主语 + have nt/ hasn t过去分词：1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1) . 一般动词，在词尾直接加 “ ed :”work-worked-worked

2、,visit-visited-visited(2) .以“ e结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “ d :”live-lived-lived ,(3) 、以 辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 ”y”变为”i” ，再加“ ed :study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4) 、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再力口 “ ed :” stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2. 不规则动词三.用法1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作 对现在造成的影响或结果 ，有以下四大标志词:1 alrea

3、dy, just 和 yet：He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yel. 他还没有回来。 ever 和 never：This is the best film I have ever see n. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has bee n to the USA three times. so far, befor

4、e, recently, latelyHe has bought a new car recen tly.I haven t heard from him Jane lately.Scientists haven t found the cure of AIDS so far.现在完成时不能和明确表示过去时间的状语连用， 如ago, yesterday, last year, at thattime, then 等。2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的 ，持续到现在的动作，常与for （ +时间段），since （ +时间点或过去时的句子），或 how long连用：1 for +

5、时段Mary has bee n ill for three days.2 since +过去一个时间点 （译为：自从 以来）He has bee n a teacher since 1998.3 since + 时段 + agoHe has studied En glish since 4 years ago.4 since +从句（过去时）I have lived here since I was born.5 It is + 时段 + since + 从句（过去时）It is three days since he arrived here. 非延续性动词 leave, arrive,

6、come, go, return, jo in, die, buy, borrow 等的完成时，在肯定句中不能与 for或since等引导的时间段连用：他到这里三天了。He has arrived here for three days.He has bee n here for three days.It is three days since he arrived here.It has bee n three days since he arrived here.四.Have gone to, have been to, 与 have been in 的区另U have/has gone

7、（to）:去了（现在不在说话现场 ）Where is your father ? He has gone to Shanghai.have/has been （to）:去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has bee n to Shan ghai.have/has been in :呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has bee n in Sha nghai for two months. /since two months ago.【练一练】句型转换：1. He has already gone home. He home . （否定句） he home ? （疑问句

8、 ）2. He has lunch at home. He lunch at home. （否定句） he lunch at home? （疑问句）3. He has bee n there twice. he been there? （戈U线提问）4. I have lunch at school. you lunch. （划线提问 ）用 never, ever, already, yet, for, since 填空1. I have see n him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has fini shed his homewo

9、rk an hour ago.3. Mr. Wang has taught i n this school ten years.4. “ Havgou seen the film? “ No, I have seen it.5. “ Has the bus left ? “ Yes,it has left. ” 翻译下列句子：1. 他们已经打扫了教室吗？2. 我们已经认识有二十年了。3. 打那以后，她一直住在这。4. 你曾经到过那里吗？ ” 不，我从来没到过那里。5. 我父亲以前到过长城。6. 我来到海南已经一周了。7. 他这些天上哪儿去了？ 五现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时所表示的事

10、情纯属过去， 与现在情况没有关系。 现在完成时所表示的事情与 现在情况有关系， 是过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响， 或一直持续着： I have lost my Nokia X7. （= I lost my Nokia X7 and I have no Nokia X7 now. ） He bought a house 10 years ago. 十年前他买了栋房子。（现在是否还拥有那栋房子就说不定了）He has bought a house. 他已经买了房子。 （到说话的这时候他仍然拥有那栋房子） 【练一练】 用适当的时态填空：1. She s (live) here eve

11、r since she was ten.2. Both of them (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour (pass) since the train (leave).5. Mary (lose) her pen. you (see) it here and there?6. you (find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I just (have) some orange.8. We a

12、lready (return) the book.9. they (build) a new school in the village?10. I (not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father (read) the novel twice.12. I (buy) a book just now.13. I (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father (read) this book since yesterday.不规则动词过去式、过去分词表（1） AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同

13、形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词cost （花费）costcostcut （割）cutcuthit （打）hithithurt （伤害）hurthurtlet （让）letletput （放）putputread （读）readreadAAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）动词原形过去式过去分词beat （跳动）beatbeate nABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词become（变成）becamebecomecome （来）camecomerun （跑）ranrun（4） ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去

14、式过去分词dream （想）dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtspell （拼写）spelled/speltspelled/speltbring （带来）broughtbroughtbuy （买）boughtboughtbuild （建设）builtbuiltcatch （抓住）caughtcaughtfeed（喂养）fedfedfeel （感觉）feltfeltfight （战斗）foughtfoughtfind （找到）foundfoundget （得到）gotgothave/has （有）hadhadhold （抓住）heldheldhear （听见）heardhe

15、ardleave （离开）leftleftlend （借出）lentlentlose （丢失）lostlostlearn （学习）learntlearntmeet （遇见）wonwonmean （意思是）meantmeantmake （制造）mademadepay付出）paidpaidsend （传送）sentsentstand （站着）stoodstoodsleep （睡）sleptsleptspend （花费）spe ntspe ntstick粘住stuckstucksit （坐）satsatsweep （扫）sweptsweptsmell （闻）smeltsmeltsell （卖）sol

16、dsoldsay （说）saidsaidteach （教）taughttaughtthink （想）thoughtthoughttell （告诉）toldtoldun dersta nd 明白）un derstoodun derstoodwin （赢）wonwonABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词am/is （是）wasbee nare （是）werebee nbeg in （开始）bega nbeg unbreak （打破）brokebroke nchoose（选择）chosechosendrive （驾驶）drovedrive nd

17、o （做）diddonedrink （喝）drankdrunkdraw （画）drewdraw neat （吃）ateeate nfall （落下）fellfalle nfly （飞）flewflow nforget （忘记）forgotforgotte ngo （去）wentgonegive （给）gavegive ngrow （生长）grewgrow nhide隐臧hidhidde nknow （知道）knewknownlie （平躺）laylainrise （升高）roserise nride （骑）roderidde nsee （看见）sawsee nshake （握手）shooksh

18、akenspeak （说，讲）spokespokensing （唱）sangsungswim （游泳）swamswumthrow （投掷）threwthrow ntake （取）tooktake nwrite （写）wrotewritte nmistake （弄错）mistookmistake nwear （穿）worewornwake （醒）wokewoke n（6）情态动词动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词can可以could-may可能might-shall应该should-will将要would-小升初英语全真模拟试卷姓名：成绩：、语音知识：请区分划线部分的读音，如有一种读音

19、，填“1”；两种读音，填“ 2”；三种读音，填“ 3”；四种读音，填“ 4”。（每小题1分,共10分）()1.A. yetB. yesC. cryD. silly_()2.A. earlyB.hearC.nearD. ear()3.A. mendedB. i nvitedC. calledD. arrived()4.A. chooseB. chessC. watchD. chemistry()5.A. keyB. keepC. wi ne_D. west()6.A. washB. fatC .aboutD. after()7.A. factB. cutC. closeD. ceili ng()

20、8.A. aboveB. mome ntC. toD. opposite()9.A. tripB. trickC. treeD. metre()10.A. seeB. bestC. discoverD. miss二、单项选择。(每小题1分，共20分)()1. do you spell “ book”B-O-O-K, book.A. How B. What C. What D. Where( )2. They sat on the chair and a chat.A. had B. have C. got. D. met( )3. Look! GaoSha n is getting the b

21、us.A. up B. for C. on D. in( )4. David is making pla ns his class meeti ng.A. with B. to C. for D. of( )5. The pizza by my mother. Would to like to have some?A. makes B. was mak ing C. made D. was made( )6. the brother and the sister good at maths at school.A. Either; is B. Neither; is C. Both; are

22、D. All; are( )7.Football is one of in China.C. more popular sportsD. the most popular sports( ) 8.It is the first time I Beijing.A. visitB. visitedC. had visitedD. have visited;( ) 9.On my way home, I stopped some fruit.D. boughtA. buy B. buying C. to buy( ) 10.-What is the date today?- .stA. It is

23、Saturday. B. It is July 1 C. On Saturday D. In July( ) 11. Three days he died.A. after B. behind C. later D. in front of( ) 12.Summer is and in China.A. sunny; snowyB. sunny; cold C. sunny; hotD. warm; snowyD. excitd( ) 13. The students in Class 2 are very A. exciting B. excited C. excite( ) 14. I a

24、sked him it to the police station.A. to take B. take C. took D. taking( )15. Look, danger! Please touch it.A. cant B. not C. don t D. no( )16.Here are your clothes, please A. put it on. B. put on them( ) 17. Bruce, look at your dirty shoes. YouA. Washed B. washing( )18. Shanghai is the east of China

25、.A. toB. at()19. Would you like to _ with me ?A. goingB. goes()20. We have _ to the bus stop.A. 10 minute s walkB. 10 minutes walk、词汇运用。 （每空 1分，共 20 分）C. put them onD. put on itd better _ them right now.C. washD. to washC. onD. inC. wentD. goC. 10 minute walkD. 10 minute s walkI ）在下列各句 A、 B 或 C 中找出与

26、划线部分意义相近的词或句子。( )1. WangHai does well in English.D. is good atD. I eatD. knowA. likes B. speaks C. is writi ng( )2. Id like some melons.A. I want B. I like C. I n eed( )3. Let me see.A. look at B. thi nk over C. watch( )4. How does she go there?A. get up B. do C. get D. come( )5. We have three less

27、ons this after noon.A. texts B. glasses C. classes D. books(II ) 根据句意和首字母，写出句中所缺单词。1. Christmas is the most importa nt f in wester n coun try.2. Today I am free. But yesterday I was b .3. Could you tell me the w to the Guan gzhou Zoo.4. Do you ofte n make a shopp ing l before you go shopp ing.5. Jan

28、uary is the f month of a year.(Ill)根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Lets ( speak ) En glish in class. ( not speak ) Chin ese .2. There ( be ) eight ( thousa nd ) books in our library.3. Every one in the ( live ) room is quiet.4. Don ( forget ) to close the door when you go outside.5. This book is the lightest and ( thin ) of all the books.6. Tom ( go ) to pla nt trees every year. He ( go ) to pla nt trees n ext day .7. The girl sometimes ( have) lunch at home.四、按要求改写句子。(每小题2分，共10分)1. Jackie has lunch at school.(改为一般疑问句 )2. You need to