高中英语虚拟语气练习题附答案.docx

1、高中英语虚拟语气练习题附答案高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。具体情况请看下表：条件状语从句主 句与过去事实相反had + 过去分词should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were)would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或should(were to) + 动

2、词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldnt have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望

3、，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据

4、它所要表示的具体时间来确定。例如：If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years ，things wouldnt be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如：But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to co

5、llege.二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。（一）should类这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should可以省略。其具体运用体现在：1. 在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：He suggests that she should leav

6、e the house at once.The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：The

7、 general sent the order that the battle（should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：Its re

8、quested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the peoples peaceful life.It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately.（二）过去时态类英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。如：He wished he had never been

9、involved in such affairs.I would rather you could teach me again.2. as if，as though引导的从句。如：The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.3. 由if only （要是，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。如：If only I had passed the test！If only it stopped raining！4. It is（about/h

10、igh） time 后的定语从句。如：It is time we went out for a walk.It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.三、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：Would you mind smoking here？May you be lucky！Long live the people of China！God save me.虚拟语气练习题1The use of solar energy saved many Afr

11、ican countries lots of money that otherwise _ on coal, gas and oil.Awas spent Bhad been spentCwould be spent Dwould have been spent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：太阳能的使用为许多非洲国家节省了很多钱，否则这些钱将花在煤炭、天然气和石油上。分析句子可知，本句为otherwise 引导的虚拟条件句。本句表示与过去事实相反的假设。otherwise 相当于虚拟条件从句=if the use of solar energyhadnt saved many

12、African countries lots of money,后接主句 would have been spent。故D选项正确。2- Its many years since I saw you last； I _ you at all.- I wouldnt have, either, if someone _ you by the name.Adidnt recognize; hadnt called Bdidnt recognize; didnt callChavent recognized; didnt call Drecognized; had called【答案】A【解析】【详

13、解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：-自从上一次相见已经过去许多年了，我没有认出你来。-如果不是有人喊你的名字，我也没有认出你。第一空指的是说这句话之前没有认出对方，故用过去式；第二空表示对过去事情相反的假设，在从句中对过去的虚拟用过去完成式。故选A。3_ you happen to see Mary, would you please ask her to come here?AWould BCould CShould DMight【答案】C【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意: 如果你碰巧遇到Kate ,请你叫她来这里一下好吗？在if条件句中，如果有should,were或had,可以省略if,把sh

14、ould,were或had提前。故选C。考点：考查情态动词表虚拟。4 Imagine what todays life would be like if Alexander Bell _ the telephone more than 130 years ago!Adidnt invent Bwouldnt inventChadnt invented Dwouldnt have invented【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：想象一下如果贝尔130年前没有发明电话，现在的生活会是什么样子？根据句意可知，本句是条件状语从句的混合条件句，主句与现在的情况相反，使用情态动词+动词原形；

15、从句与过去的情况相反，使用过去完成时；故选C。5 If he _ his legs in the last training, he _ the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in.Ahadnt hurt; would join inBhadnt hurt; would have taken part inCdidnt hurt; would go in forDdidnt hurt; would have taken part in【答案】A【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意：如果他在上一次的训练中没有受伤，他就能参

16、加世界杯，这是他梦寐以求的要参加的。这是虚拟语气，条件状语从句是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done，根据the coming World Cup主句是对将来的虚拟，所以用would do，故选A。考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。点评：本题难度适中。混合虚拟对于学生来说是难点，考生看到了last training，误选B，认为主句和从句都是对过去的虚拟，本题的关键在于对于he has been longing to这个动词的时态判定上。即学即练：_ last as his coach suggested, he wouldnt have narrowly escaped being killed.A

17、.Hadnt the skydiver exited B. If the skydiver hadnt exitedC. Should the skydiver not exitD. If the skydiver wouldnt exit解析：B。根据下半句，可以看出是与过去事实相反，所以上半句应该用过去完成时，而A项结构不对，故选B。6He was very busy yesterday；otherwise，he _ to the meeting.Awould come Bcame Cwould have come Dwill come【答案】C【解析】【详解】这题考查虚拟语气的用法，这里

18、的otherwise是隐含的虚拟条件句，相当于：If he hadnt been busy yesterday，所以主句用would have done。选C。7 If John Lennon and Paul McCartney _ , the pop music of today _ very different.Adidnt meet ; would beBhadnt met; would beCdidnt meet ; would have beenDhadnt met ; would have been【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气用于状语从句中，与过去事

19、实相反的假设：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主句主语 + should/would/could/might have+过去分词，但是虚拟条件句和主句动作若发生的时间的不一致，主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。题文中的主句有表现在时间的today，所以应该是主句主语+should/ would/could/might+动词原形。句意：如果约翰列侬和保罗麦卡特尼没有相遇，那今天的流行音乐将大有不同。故选B。考点：考查虚拟语气8It was Mr. Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his he

20、lp, we _ it so easily.Acant manage Bmustnt have managedCcouldnt have managed Dcouldnt manage【答案】C【解析】【详解】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。根据heiped可知，是发生的事情，对过去虚拟，主句用would/could/should have done故选C考点：考查虚拟语气9With the failure of the experiment, we reach a dead end.Cheer up! Many good things would never have happened if the

21、 bad events _ first.Adont happen Bdidnt happenChadnt happened Dhavent happened【答案】C【解析】【详解】表示与过去事实相反的推测时，主句用would have done的形式，if从句用过去完成时。10The director commanded that everyone _his advice.Amust follow BfollowedChad followed Dfollow【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。command后跟的从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)do。故选D。【名师点睛】comman

22、d 及物动词 vt. 命令，command 后跟that 宾语从句， that 后 一般是sb. +（should）+动词原形，是虚拟语气。I command that he go at once. 我命令他立即就去。 本题考查command后跟宾语从句的用法。command后跟的从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)do。故选D。11_ what would happen the following day, they would have reconsidered their thoughts.ADid they know BWere they to know CHad they know

23、n Dshould they know【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果他们知道第二天会发生什么，他们就会重新考虑他们的想法。此句是if从句和过去事实相反的情况，从句用had+过去分词，主句用would/could/should/ might +have+过去分词。这种虚拟条件句可以把had提前，省去if，故选C。【点睛】If虚拟条件句如果含有had/should/were时，可省略if把句子倒装，把had/should/were提到主语前面。如：1. If I were you, I would take his advice.Were I you, I would t

24、ake his advice.2. If I had known about the lecture, I would have taken it.Had I known about the lecture, I would have taken it.3. If there should be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.Should there be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.12Thank you so much for your kind assistanc

25、e; otherwise, my son _ the project on time.Awould never have completed Bhad never completedChas never completed Dwill never complete【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：非常感谢你的帮助；要不然的话，我儿子永远不会按时完成这个项目。根据句意可知“我儿子按时完成了这个项目”，与过去的事实相反，相当于if非真实条件句的主句部分，故A项正确。13If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you what to

26、 do now.Aknew Bhad knownCwould know Dwould have known【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查错综时间条件句的虚拟语气。句意：如果你上次见他的时候和他交谈的话，你现在就知道该做什么了。从句描述的情况与过去事实相反，而主句描述的情况与现在事实相反，因此要用would/ could/ might/ should do，故C正确。14Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill and her parents suggested that she _ a medical exam.Abe; should have Bwas

27、; haveCshould be; had Dwas; had【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析：考查suggest的用法：句意：Jane的苍白的脸表明她病了，她的父母建议她去体检。第一个suggest是“表明，显示”的意思，后面的be动词视整句时态而定，为过去式。第二个suggest是“建议”的意思，后面是一个虚拟语气，固定用法为“（should）do sth”，其中should常省略。选B。考点：考查suggest的用法15I would not be seeing the film Green Book now _ me up in time.Awere Kathy not to pic

28、k Bhad Kathy not pickedCif Kathy hasnt picked Dif Kathy did not pick【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是Kathy没有及时接我，我现在就不会在看绿皮书了。此处是描述的与过去事实相反的假设，从句应谓语动词使用过去完成时；当虚拟条件句中有had（助动词）/should/were时，可以省略if，将had（助动词）/should/were提前，构成倒装结构。故B选项正确。【点睛】虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯假想的情况，可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。虚拟语气的本质就是对根本不可能的情况发生假设。我们可以记住这样一个原则

29、，即把时态向过去推一格。一、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。（事实上我不是你）If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest.如果现在有地图，我们能很容易地走出森林。（事实上是现在没有地图）注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中

30、用were,而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was,不过在if I were.中一般用were。二、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车。（事实是你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)三、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。If things were to be twice，all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成为聪明人。（事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)16Without your timely help during the accident, I _ to the interview.Amust