定语从句习题与讲解.docx

1、定语从句习题与讲解 定语从句习题与讲解一、关系词关系词通常有三个作用：引导定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当句子成分。1.指人时，who和that都可以使用，但先行词是anyone，those，he时，一般用who。这样考过(2009江西临川二中)The employers often give the job to _ they believe have work experience with a strong sense of duty.Awhoever BwhomeverCwho Dthose who答案：D(2009江苏姜堰中学)You see，you seem to have

2、done too badly in practicing playing basketball.Yeah，but _，so I think it doesnt matter at all.Ahe that climbs high falls heavilyBhe who does not advance loses groundChe who makes no mistakes makes nothingDhe knows most who speaks least解析：据句意表泛指的he作先行词，由who引导定语从句。不犯错误的人也做不成任何事。故选C。答案：C2who和whom都可以作从句

3、宾语，但从句中的介词提前时，不能用who。这样考过(2009江苏武进区四校联考)She is a helpful neighbor，_ all of us will always adore and be thankful to.A/ BthatCthe one whom Done whom答案：D(2009全国)She brought with her three friends，none of _ I had ever met before.Athem BwhoCwhom Dthese解析：句意：她带了三个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her thre

4、e friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none_of_her_three_friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。答案：C3whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。这样考过(2009北京海淀区)Last week，we watched Beijing Opera，_ style was unfamiliar to most of us.Awhat BwhichCwhere Dwhose解析：先行词是京剧，后面用定语从句修饰。京剧的风格为我们中大多数人不熟悉，因此选whose。答案：D(2009安徽)Many children，_ parents are aw

5、ay working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.Atheir BwhoseCof them Dwith whom解析：句意：很多小孩在村里都得到了很好的照顾，他们的父母亲远在大城市里打工。whose 引导非限制性定语从句。A项their和C项of them不能连接从句，可以排除；选with whom会导致句意混乱。答案：B(2009北京西城区抽样测试)Just like a voyage at sea，our life journey，_ days are limited，is full of difficultie

6、s.Awhich B.thatCits Dwhose解析：由句意：人生旅途如航海一样，时光有限，且充满艰辛。whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰journey，作定语从句的定语，故选D。答案：D4which和that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词。这样考过(2009南通调研)Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of the situations _ appear in the working world. Awhere Bwhe

7、n Cthat Dwhat解析：由句子结构知空格处应填一个关系代词，引导定语从句修饰先行词situations，且在定语从句中作主语，故选that。答案：C5先行词是物时that和which一般可以互换使用，但有时不可换用。(1)下列场合一般只用that：先行词是all，much，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词。这样考过(2009衡水中学)They went on well at first but eventually everything _ they had worried about happened.Awh

8、ich Bwhat Cthat Dwhen解析：由句中知先行词为不定代词everything，选C。答案：C(2009南昌调研)You can only be sure of all _ you have at present；you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.Athat; what Bthat; /Cwhich; that Dwhat; that解析：第一空的先行词为all，后面应该用that引导定语从句；第二空的先行词something暗示应该用that，但因为此处that在从句中作宾语，故可以省略。

9、答案：B当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级时或先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰时。这样考过(2009宁波联考)Do you agree with her ideas at the meeting?Absolutely，what shes just said is the very idea _ I want to express.Athat BwhatCwhich Dwhy解析：定语从句缺少宾语且先行词前面有the very 修饰时，关系代词只用that不用which。答案：A先行词有两个，一个指人，另一个指物。可能

10、这样考He talked a lot about things and persons _ they remembered in the school.Awhich BthatCwhom Dwhat解析：things和persons是先行词。当定语从句要修饰的先行词既表示人，又表示物的名词时，其关系代词要用that。答案：B主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句。当先行词由the only，the very，few，little，no，all等修饰时。当先行词在主句中作表语时，而关系代词在从句中作表语时。(2)下列场合不能使用that：在非限制性定语从句中(指人时使用who或whom，指物

11、时使用which)。这样考过(2009济南模拟)We went to Mountain Tai last weekend，_，not surprisingly，was crowded with visitors.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhen解析：句意为：我们上个周末去了泰山，并不奇怪的是，那里挤满了游客。分析句子成分可知，所填的关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Mountain Tai，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故应用which来引导。where引导定语从句时，在从句中作地点状语。that引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语、宾语等。when引导定语从句时，先行词应为表示时间

12、的词，且在定语从句中作时间状语。由语境可知B项正确。答案：B在“介词关系代词”结构中(指人时使用whom，指物时使用which)。这样考过(2009福州质检)There are altogether fifty-six students in our class，_ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village.Athe most hard-working of who Bof whom the most hard-workingCthe most hard-working of them Dbut the most hard-working o

13、f whom解析：根据句意及句型结构，应为B项，属介词前置的定语从句。A项who前不能有介词；C项them不能引导定语从句；D项有连词but不再是定语从句，因此不能用whom。答案：B(2009潍坊质检)Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents _ students got injured or killed while in school.Ain which Bfor whichCwhich Dwhen解析：该句中的accidents为先行词，in which引

14、导定语从句，相当于where，作从句的地点状语。句意为“由于不断有校园伤害或死亡的报道，校园安全已成为了一个重要问题。”故选A。答案：A6当先行词指时间、地点、原因(the reason)时，如果关系词在从句中作状语，用when，where，why。这样考过(2009重庆)Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.Awhy BwhatCthat Dwhere解析：句意：生活像长跑比赛，我们与其他人竞争以超越自我。本题考查定语从句。先行词为race，代入定语从句后为：we compete wi

15、th others to go beyond ourselves in the long race。由此可见，in the long race 在定语从句中作状语，且不表示原因(排除A项)，故D项正确。答案：D(2009浙江)I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhy解析：句意：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where 引导定语从句修饰先行词point。答案：B(2009福建)Its helpful to put childre

16、n in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.Athat BwhenCwhich Dwhere解析：句意：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有where符合本题要求。答案：D(2009锦州二模)So you know Della?Yes，it wa

17、s last week _ I surfed the Internet.Athat BwhenCsince Dbefore解析：根据句意可知it此处指的是认识Della的时间，而不是强调句型中的it。因此后用when引导定语从句。答案：B7当先行词是the way，并且关系词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that，可以用in which，也可以省略。这样考过(2009漳州质检)Our chemistry teacher announced that he would do the experiment in a different way _ we might find interesting.

18、Awhich Bin which Cin that Dwhat解析：由句子知空格处应填一个引导定语从句的关系词来修饰先行词way，定语从句中缺少一个做宾语的成分，故选关系代词which。如果先行词为way，定语从句中缺少方式状语，则用in which/ that/来引导定语从句。注意区别这两种方法。答案：A二、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不密切，去掉定语从句，句子的意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号把主句和从句分开。使用时应注意以下几点：非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可省略，不管在从句中充当什么成分。这样考过 (2009山东)Whenever I met

19、 her，_ was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.Awho BwhichCwhen Dthat解析：句意：不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，这是常事儿。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子。答案：B (2009北京西城区)More wild tigers have been seen in the forest around this area，_ there used to be very few.Awhen BwhereCwhat Dwhich解析：更多的野生老虎在这个地区的森林里被发现了。“this ar

20、ea”是先行词，where引导定语从句，意思是这里过去(老虎)很少，用来修饰this area。答案：B三、“介词关系代词(which/whom/whose)”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常常将介词前置到作宾语的关系代词前。主要考查以下三个方面：1关系代词的选用：关系代词指人时，只可用whom，不可用who或that；关系代词指物时，只可用which，不可用that。这样考过 (2009苏、锡、常、镇四市联考)He didnt put the things _ they belonged，for _ reason he got his punishment.Awhich;

21、 that Bwhat; that Cthat; whose Dwhere; which解析：据句意知，第一空为where引导的地点状语从句；第二空为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代其前的主句。据此，选D。答案：D (2009江西五校联考)The rich，for _ money was not a problem，wanted to stay at an expensive hotel.Atheir BthemCwhose Dwhom解析：先行词是the rich，指人，关系词在从句中作介词for的宾语，且介词for提前，故用whom。答案：D注意：并不是所有情况下介词都可以

22、前置，含有介词的短语动词不可拆开，介词仍需放在动词的后面。如：look for，look after，take care of等。2介词的选择：介词的选择取决于这个介词与先行词、从句中相关成分或整个从句之间各种搭配关系。这样考过 (2009长郡中学)It was surprising to see all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma，_ turned up a rare rainbow soon.Aof which Bwhere Cfrom which Dabove which 解析：whi

23、ch引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the top of Mount Qomolangma，在之上，用介词above，属介词前置的定语从句，故选D。答案：D (2009陕西重点联考)The position，however，_ you are applying，is not quite a well-paid one.Athat BwhichCfor which Dto which解析：语境：然而，你申请的这个职位薪俸并不算(十分)优厚。however 作为插入成分，容易使考生出错。其实，本句可拆分为“You are applying for the position.”和“The position

24、 is not quite a well-paid one.”两个句子，故关系代词which作apply for 的宾语。答案：C (2009浙江五校联考)He came back late，_which time all the guests had already left.Aafter BbyCat Dduring解析：根据后面部分的过去完成时态可知前面应该用by。答案：B (2009贵港监测)The film _ I am speaking is to be shown at the Peoples Cinema.Ato which Bwith whichCof which Don w

25、hich解析：“speak of something” 谈论，故选C。答案：C3介词关系代词前还可用some，any，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each，few等，代词、名词或数词等构成复合介词短语。His sons，both of whom loved music very much，spent most of their money on CDs.他的两个儿子都热爱音乐，他们把大部分钱用来买CD唱片。这样考过 (2009福建师大附中)James and Alex，_ clothes Harry had taken away，had to leave t

26、he pool with nothing on.Aboth of which Bboth of whose Cneither of whom Dneither of which解析：由句意：James和Alex不得不光着身子上岸，他俩的衣服被Harry拿走了。所考查部分为名词/代词及介词提前的定语从句，先行词James和Alex与clothes之间为所属关系，故选关系代词whose作定语。综上选B。答案：B (2009扬州调研)Zunhua is one of the famous tourism destinations，_ lies Dongling，a group of the Qing

27、 Imperial Tombs.A20 miles northwest of it B20 miles northwest of whichCnorthwest 20 miles to it Dnorthwest 20 miles of which解析：分析句子知本句考查名/代词前置，其后加介词的定语从句，句意：遵化是著名的旅游景点之一，在其西北20英里处，座落着东陵，。答案：B (2009江西吉安一中)The mountain villagers，_ had been damaged by the big flood，were given help by both the governmen

28、t and the Red Cross.Aall whose homes Ball of whose homesCall their homes Dall of their homes答案：B (2009四川绵阳诊断)The pilot lost connection with the military base，_ the plane crashed in the desert.Aby means of which Bin front of whichCin case of which Das a result of which解析：由语境可知，the plane crashed in th

29、e desert 是The pilot lost connection with the military base的结果，所以要用as a result of which。句意为：飞行员与军事基地失去了联系，结果，飞机在沙漠中失事。答案：D四、as引导定语从句的用法1as可引导限制性定语从句，用于such/so.as.，the same.as.结构中。注意：先行词被the same修饰时，定语从句引导词可以使用as或that，但意义不同，用as表示前后所指是同一类别事物中的不同个体，用that表示前后所指是同一件事物。如：He bought the same diamond as I los

30、t two years ago.他买了和我两年前所丢失的一样的钻石。(是差不多一样的一颗，而非同一颗)He bought the same diamond that I lost two years ago.他买了我两年前丢失的钻石。(是同一颗钻石)这样考过 (2009浙江台州中学)The small town is so good a place _ many people come to visit _ it has become well known all over the world.Athat; that Bas; asCthat; as Das; that答案：D (2009吉安模拟)His stocks are sold at such a low price _ he didnt expect.A