动词及动词短语辨析.docx

1、动词及动词短语辨析动 词 汇 总1accept vt.&vi. 接受，同意 receive 收到（但不一定接受）2.add vt.&vi. 添加，加 add in 算入; 包括add to增加, 加到add up 加起来, 总计; 和预期产总数相等; add up to总计共达; (总起来看)等于说; 意味着7advise vt. 劝告，建议，通知advice un.建议a piece of advice advise sb. to do sth . 建议做8afford vt. 负担得起，买得起，提供 afford time/money (动词前往往有情态动词can或cant)9. agre

2、e vt.&vi. 同意，赞成agree like cats and dogs 水火不相容agree to do 同意做。agree with同意.的意见; 与.一致; 对.适合11.allow vt. 准许 allowance allow doing 允许做 allow sb. to do 允许某人做 be allowed to do 被允许做13.arrive vi. 到达 n arrival arrive at/in 到达(目的地); 达到, 得出(结论等)（没有明确地点arrive）=get to = reach (够到，达到某种水平或数字)14.ask vt. 询问，请求，要求ask

3、 sb. for sth 要; 请求, 征求 要(价) 找ask sb. (not) to do sth.15.avoid vt.避免，撤销avoid doing 避免做某事17 wake v. 醒 wake up 醒来e.g. James usually wakes up early. wake sb up 叫醒e.g. My mother wakes me up at six oclock.辨析：1 wake多用于不及物动词2 waken只用于及物动词3 awake指唤醒（意志） 也可为adj指清醒的21become v. 变得 成为表变化的系动词 become be get go22be

4、gin v. 开始 在完成时态中须变成be onbegin with 以开始begin to do/doing 开始做to begin with 首先 第一 To begin with, he is too young. Well begun is half done . 良好的开端是成功的一半。29. borrow v. 借borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend sb. sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 keep sth for some time 借多长时间30break v. 打破 违反break the rules= be agains

5、t the rulesbreak down （机器等）坏了 车抛锚break into 破门而入break out （火灾，水灾等）发生n. 休息 have a break 31.breathe v. 呼吸breathe in/out 吸入/呼出breath n. 呼吸 out of breath 气喘吁吁 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸32build v. 建造build up 确立 树立；促进（身体康复）34buy v. 买buy sth. for sb.=buy sb sth have sth for some time 买了多长

6、时间35call v.叫,叫做,打电话 n.电话 叫喊声make a phone call to sb 给打电话call for要求call off 取消 callin召集call at 访问(某处) (车船等)停靠(某地).call on (1).访问(sb.),(2).号召;要求call back (1).回电话;(2).召回,叫回来call up (1).打电话 (2).使人想起39. carry v.携带, 搬运carry on sth 从事carry on （with sth/doing sth）继续carry out 开展, 实现, 完成, 进行到底 贯彻, 执行, 落实40. c

7、atch v.捉逮, 截住, 捕获,赶上(车、船等)领悟, 听清, 了解, 理会catch up with追上, 赶上,Speak slowly please,I cant catch you .44. change n.改变, 变化, 转变, 找回的零钱 v.改变, 变革, 改造, 兑换change ones mind 改变某人主意change into 变成.翻译成Here is your change. 这是找回的零钱。Great changes have taken place in my hometown since I left .48.cheer n.愉快 v. (使)快活, (

8、对)欢呼 cheerful adj 高兴的，欢呼的cheer up 欢呼,振作cheer sb. up 使振作起来cheers ! 干杯！Heres to 为了52.clean adj.清洁的, 干净的, 清白的v.打扫, 使干净, 清扫clean/clear/tidy up 收拾干净 keep the room tidy and clean Eg Did you get your copy of “China Daily” today?58.cost 值；花费（无被动式） sth cost sb sm(to do)sb spend money/time (in) doing sth./on

9、+n.sb pay money for sth It take sb time to do sth How much does it cost?=What is the price of it?59.cough vi 咳嗽 n 咳嗽；咳嗽声 have a cough 63cross v.穿过，渡过；across prep. 穿过 （表面）through prep. 通过 （中间） cross adj. 生气的 Your mother will be cross if you are late. n. 十字架 crossing n 十字路口65. cut v.切；坎；删除；减少；停止（供煤气、电

10、等） cut down 砍倒 cut up 切开 cut into pieces 切成碎片n.切口，刀伤，伤口；减少，降低；切牌67end v&n. 结束, 终结, 终止 We play football when school ends.in the end最终地；终于=at last=finally at the end of 在的尽头/末尾by the end of 到时为止（后接过去的时间，用过去完成时）70. examine v&n.检查, 调查, 考试 look sb. over = examine sb 73expect vt.期待, 预期, 盼望, 指望, expect (sb

11、.) to do =look forward to doing 78.fall fall off 从跌落 =fall down from fall in love(with) (与)坠入爱河fall over 落在上；跌倒 翻车fall behind 落后79.feed feed on 以为食物feed up 供给食物3 be fed up with 厌倦了80.feel feel like doing 想要做某事=would like to do = want to do 作系动词，后加adj. 没有被动态81.fetch 去取来=get take 拿走 take sb to sp /tak

12、e sth with sb /take sb around sp bring 带来 bring sb sth = bring sth to sb 82.fight v&n fight against sth. 与抗争fight back 还击fight for 为而战83.fill be filled with 里充满=be full of fill in 填写84.find find out 查出,查明（事情的真相） look for 寻找（强调动作） find 找到 （强调结果） search sb for sth 搜查某地找某物find+it+adj.+(for sb.)+to do s

13、th.85.finish finish doing 完成做某事91.forget v. 忘记 forgetful adj 健忘的 forget to do 忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事92.freeze v. 冻结；愣住 freezing adj 极冷的 Smile froze on his face . He shouted , “Freeze!” 别动！93 get: 得到；到达；取来；变得；理解；准备（饭）； 患 ；登上（车，飞机等） get down: 写下，记下；咽下，拿下 get to: 到达 get on/off （a bus）: 上/下车； get in

14、to/out of(a car): get together; 聚会，相聚 get up: 起床 get in 收割 get sth. done = have sth done get on well with 94.give: 给，交给，递给；赠送；提供；交付；举 give sb. sth = give sth. to sb,give in: 妥协，让步，屈服give up doing/for sth: 放弃做某事give sth back to sb: 把归还给某人95.go: 去；离开；变得；处于（某种状态）；去某地 做某事be gone: 离开了，消失了go ahead: 做计划中的事

15、情go back to: 追溯到go by: 经过；（时间）逝去go for: 试图得到某物go off: 中断；（铃）大声响；爆炸go on with/doing sth: 继续做某事go on to do sth: 接着做某事（另外一件事）go out: 出去；（火；灯）熄灭go over: 仔细查看go through:经历， 仔细检查go bad 变坏（质）96.grow: 长大；（植物）生长；种植；逐渐变成；（问题）变得更大/严重grow up: 长大成人；（习惯、习俗）形成bring up 抚养grown-up: 成年的；大人 grow vegetables 种蔬菜 grow ta

16、ll 长高100happen v 发生 happen to sb happen to do. Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1999.101.hate v 憎恨，厌恶hate doing sth.102.have v 1)有 2)使，让 have sb do have sth. done 3) (dont) have to 4) have done103.hear v 听见 （强调结果） 1）hear sb. do 2) hear sb. doing sth. 3)hear from sb. 4) hear of /ab

17、out 5)Im sorry to hear that. listen to 听（强调动作）104heat v. 加热 n 热量105 help v&n 帮助 1）help sb. with sth 2)help sb (to)do sth 3) help oneself to + n. 4) cant helping 109hope v. 希望 hope to do hope that I hope so.110. hurry v 匆忙 hurry to do = do sth in a hurry 111 .imagine v. 设想，猜想，想象imagine doing sth 例：It

18、s hard to imagine living in a palace.imagine that 例：I magine that youve won a million pounds.imagine someone doing sth 例：I simply cant imagine George helping with the baby!n. imagination 想象力 adj. imaginative 富有想象力的112.improve v. 改善，改进,提高improve yourself 求上进的n. improvement 改进；进步 例：There has certainly

19、 been an improvement in his behavior.114. increase v./n. 增长increase rapidly 增长迅速increase by/to 增长了/到adj. increasing 增长的 adv. increasingly 越来越多的反义词 v. decrease 减少，降低 116、insist v. 坚持，强调insist on doing sth/ n.insist that (坚持让别人做事用虚拟，should+v. 坚持自己做事无需用虚拟)例：Tom insisted that he was mistaken. Tom insist

20、ed that everyone should come to the party .119. invent v. 发明 n. inventor 发明家 invention 发明虚构；捏造 例： The whole story was invented.120. invite v. 介绍invite sb to spinvite sb to do sthn. 邀请；请柬 invitation 例：Did you get an invitation to the wedding.121.join 连接；加入join sb/team/club/Party/League/army join (sb)

21、 in sth/doing sth 跟某人一起做某事take part in the sports meeting 123.keep v. 保持keep away keep (sb.) doing keep +adj.keep sb from doing 129. land n. 陆地 v. 登陆 by land 由陆路 on land 在陆地上124. last adj. 最后的 adv.最后 v. 持续 last for 持续多久 at last 最后 =in the end = finally 125. laugh n.& vi. 笑 laughter 笑声 laugh at sb 嘲笑

22、某人128. learn 学习 learn to do 学着去做 learn about sth. 了解 learn from sb./ sth. 向学习 learn sth by oneself= teach oneself sth 129. leave 离开 leave for sp. 前往某地 leave sp. for sp. 离开某地去某地 leave sb. alone/ on ones own/ by oneself 把某人单独留在 leave sth. +prep. + sp. 把某物落在某地 leave a message 留言 We have a few minutes l

23、eft .(作剩下讲，往往用过去分词放在所修饰名词的后面) Leave +n +done/doing/adj 使处于某种状态 He left the room ,leaving the window open .130. lend 借出 lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 = lend sth. to sb.131. let make have 让 Let /make have sb. do sth 让某人做某事 be let /made had to do make 的强迫意味最浓 ，have次之，let有允许的意味132. lift vt. 举起 vi 云彩的消散 n. 电梯 li

24、ft sb./sth. up 把某人/某物举起 The radio says the clouds will lift soon .136. live v 居住 adj&adv 实况转播living adj 活着的 放在所修饰的词的前面alive adj 活着的 放在所修饰词的后面 living fish = fish alive lively adj 生动的 （story） 活泼的 （girl ） 热闹的 （station）make a living by doing 以谋生137. lock lock the door 锁门138. look 看 look after 照看 look fo

25、r 寻找 look forward to doing 盼望 look like 看起来像 look out 留神；当心=watch out =take care =be careful look the same 看起来像 look through 浏览 look up 向上看； 在字典里查 look out of 向外看 look at 看 have/take a look at 看 look sb in the eye 直视某人的眼睛look down on sb 藐视某人look after sb well = take good care of sb = care for sb wel

26、l (变被动态时介词别掉了)Look before you leap .139. lose v 丢失 adj lost丢了 miss v 错过， 想念 adj missing He is missing = He is lost . They are looking for the lost boy . be /get lost 迷路 lose ones way 迷路142.start: 开始start doing/ to do 开始做某事 n. at the start = at the beginning 开始时143. stay v. 留下，暂停，保持某种状态stay up 熬夜stay

27、 fit /cool 保持健康 /凉爽144. steal v. 偷steal sth. from sb. 偷某人的东西145.stick v. 粘住，粘贴 n.: 木棒，枝条146.study vt.&vi. 学习，研究 n. 书房147.succeed vi. 成功 success n. 成功，成功的人或事 successful adj. 成功的 succeed in doing 成功做成谋事 fail v. 失败 failure n. 失败 fail to do 失败做某事 Failure is the mother of the success. 失败是成功之母。148.suggest

28、 v. 建议，指出，暗示 suggestion n. 提议，意见，暗示 suggest that 表明（不虚拟） 建议（虚拟） should do doing 建议做某事 make a suggestion 提建议149.supply vt. 补给，供应，提供，代理 vi. 替代他人职务 n.补给供应品 (supplies) supply sb. with sth./sth. to sb. 给提供 offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 给提供 provide sb with sth. / sth. for sb. 150.suppose vt. 推想，假设 vi. 料想 be

29、supposed to do 理应，应该151.surprise vt. 使惊奇，使吃惊 n. 惊奇 to ones surprise 让某人感到吃惊 surprise sb. 使某人吃惊 be surprised at sth. 对感到吃惊 be surprised to do 吃惊地做 do sth. in surprise 吃惊地做 surprised adj. 惊奇的 surprising adj. 使人吃惊的158.shout vi&vt 喊shout at sb.对某人大喊大叫shout ones name大声喊某人的名字159.show vt.给看，上映，演出；说明，表明，引领b

30、e on show 在展览，在演出show off 炫耀,夸耀,卖弄 show sb sth = show sth to sb show sb around = take sb around 160.shut v.关上,闭上,关闭 shut down 把关上 shut off 切断,中断(供水,供气) 与隔绝 shut up 关上全部门窗 ,囚禁,把存放在箱子里,住口,停止谈话161.sing v.唱,演唱 eg: She sang as she worked.她工作的时候唱歌. 171、send v 发送 (1) send sb sth =send sth to sb 发送给某人某样东西(2) send for 派人去请(3) send up 发射(4) send away 送走（5）send to 把送到