英语基础语法十二.docx

1、英语基础语法十二英语-基础语法(十二)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.We think _ possible for them to fulfil their task in a few weeks.A. it B. that C. what D. this（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 think后面可以跟带形容词、名词、to be的复合结构作宾语，如果宾语是不定式需后移，用形式宾语it填补。此处的不定式自身带有逻辑主语，用介词for引导，如：A lazy sheep thinks its wool heavyJonnie

2、thought this advice goodWe all thought him to be a wealthy manHe might think it polite(for him) to return the visit2.It is useful to be able to predict the extent _ which a price change will affect supply and demand.A. from B. with C. to D. for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 同第29题。3._ the way, we set off on

3、foot into the dark night.A. The guide led B. With the guide leadingC. With the guide to lead D. With the guide lead（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 with the guide leading the way由向导带路。该结构称为介词with独立结构，表示方式。介词with独立结构主要有以下三种情况：with+名词+动词-ing，with+名词+过去分词，with+名词+介词短语/副词。如：with winter coming on，with my mother be

4、ing ill，with the door locked，with her hands folded，with his head on his arms，with our backs to the wall，with John away，with his clothes on等。4.Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _ by about 10000000 tons.A. will have risen B. has risenC. will be rising D. ha

5、s been rising（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 时间状语by the end of this month与将来完成时连用。5.The game of golf became so popular in Scotland in order to keep people from playing golf when they _ archery, a military necessity, the Scottish parliament passed a special law in 1457. The Scottish people, however, largely i

6、gnored this similar laws.A. should have been practicing B. should be practicingC. had been practicing D. were practicing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 本题主要是对虚拟语气的考查。通过对本题的分析可知，当时人们沉溺于高尔夫球，而没有去练archery(a military necessity)，因此when引导的从句中谓语应用虚拟语气，所以本题答案应为A。6._ some questions about the bookkeepers honesty, the

7、company asked him to leave.A. There being B. There be C. Being D. Having（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 There being some questions about the bookkeepers honesty由于簿记员的诚实有些问题，此为分词独立结构作状语，表示原因。7.Iceland lies far north in the Atlantic, with its northernmost tip actually _ the Arctic Circle.A. touches B. touched

8、C. touching D. being touched（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词with后面跟一个“名词+动词-ing”结构，with its northernmost tip ae-tually touching the Arctic Circle它的最北端实际上与北极圈接壤。8.By signing an application, I asked that an account _ for me and a credit card issued as I requested.A. opened B. to be openedC. be opened D. was

9、opened（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 ask的宾语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。9._, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equalC. To be equal other things D. Other things to be equal（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解

10、析 being是be的现在分词形式。因为分词的逻辑主语与分词之间的关系为主动，分词所表示的动作又与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。分词的独立结构在句中作状语，表示条件。10.I shall tell him the truth, _.A. no matter whether he likes it or notB. whether he likes it or notC. no matter he likes it or not D. whether he would like it or not（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 no matter whether he likes

11、it or not不管他喜欢与否。no matter+疑问词+从句引导让步状语从句。Whether he likes it or not。用于间接疑问句。11.Had he worked harder, he _ the exams.A. must have got through B. would get throughC. would have got through D. could get through（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 在虚拟条件句中，有时可将if省去，而把were，had或should提到主语之前，引起倒装。如果句中没有were，had或should等，

12、则不能省略if，也不能用倒装结构。12.Peter used to live in London, _?A. usednt he B. wasnt heC. didnt he use D. didnt he use to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 used to do的附加疑问句可以用两种形式：usent(读作/ju：snt/)+主语，或didnt+主语。13.To succeed in a scientific research project, _.A. persistence is needed B. persistence is what one needsC. on

13、e needs to be persistent D. one needs be a persistent person（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 to succeed in a scientific research project要取得科研项目的成功，此为不定式作状语表示目的，因此应选以人作主语的句子C或D。D中的needs为实义动词，后面不能跟原形动词，因此C为正确答案。14.He will surely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.A. in that B. so long asC

14、. in case D. as far as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 so long as表示条件，与题干意思相符。15.Mr. Johnson prefers that _ with him personally.A. she speaks B. she will speakC. she speak D. she would speak（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词prefer要求宾语从句中虚拟语气形式为“should+动词原形”，should有时可省略。16.Nearly all trees have seeds that fail to the e

15、arth, take root, and eventually_A. generate new seeds B. new seeds generatedC. generates new seeds D. new seeds are generated（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 从内容上看，选项中都包含的generate一词与横线前的fall和take并列。因此，它应采用动词的谓语形式，且和前两个动词的形式一样，都是一般现在时，并且是非第三人称单数形式。因此，正确答案为A。17.It is better to die on ones feet than _ ones knees

16、.A. on B. live on C. living on D. to live on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 本题测试平行结构，也就是说than两边的成分要对等，better to diethan tolive。18.Ill take down your name and address in case you_ as a witness.A. are needed B. needC. will be needed D. will need（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 “我”或“别的什么人”需要“你”作证人，但没必要指出来，因为这里强调的是动作的承受者，

17、而不是动作的执行者，所以用被动结构。19.You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it _ undrinkable by now.A. became B. had becomeC. becomes D. has become（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 本题测试现在完成时。20.The fire was finally brought under control, but not _ extensive damage had been caused.A. after B. before C. since D. a

18、s（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 before引导的仍然是时间状语从句，但not before在这里的意思是“并不是在之前”。21.Theres _ when we shall meet again.A. not know B. not to knowC. no knowing D. never knowing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Theres no+动词-ing=Its impossible to do sth。常用这个句式搭配的动词有know/tell/say等，如：Theres no knowing/telling/saying22.The sale

19、 usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _ on benches, chairs, or boxes.A. having seated B. seatingC. seated D. having been seated（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 过去分词与audience成被动关系，整个独立结构作状语，表示伴随状态。23.I decided to go to the cinema as soon as I _.A. finish what I did B. would finish what I wa

20、s doingC. finished what I did D. finished what I was doing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 as soon as引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来，用一般过去时表示过去将来。what I was doing指说话时正在做的事情(指在将来回过头来看过去)。24.Prof. Ward hardly ever went to _ the theater.A. neither the cinema nor B. either the cinema norC. neither the cinema or D. eith

21、er the cinema or（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 由eitheror引导的成分要对等。A虽然结构上可选，但句中已有hardly，所以句意不合适。25.Vegetables are cheap _ when they are in season.A. buying B. to buyC. to be bought D. to buy them（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 当不定式作表语(或宾补)形容词的状语，又与句中的主语(或宾语)有逻辑上的动宾关系时，虽然不定式有被动意义，但只能用主动形式。26.At his jokes we could not h

22、elp but _.A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. laughter（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 cannot help but do=cannot help doing不由得，不能不，禁不住要。这个could not help but do短语还可再简化为could not but do，意思不变，如：I couldnt help but overhear what he said=I couldnt but overhear what he said=I couldnt help overhearing what he said。27.

23、_average must a fellowship student maintain?AHow high BWhat highCHow high an DWhat a high（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 当由疑问副词how提问的由形容词修饰的可数名词单数时，需用“how+形容词+a(n)+名词(单数)”结构。28.You did tell me what to do. If only I _ your advice.A. take B. took C. would take D. had taken（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 if only引导虚拟条件句，

24、用一般过去时表示现在难以实现的愿望，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。if only I had taken your advice如果我过去听了你的劝告就好了(可惜我当时没有听)。29.He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but _ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.A. so much B. how muchC. what little D. so little（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 what little(he knows about it)(他知道的)那么

25、一点点。so much/so little后面应跟结果从句或不定式as to。how much应引导疑问句。30.The heart is _ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.A. not so B. not much C. no more D. much less（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 no morethan=notany more than：=notjust as正如一样不，与都同样不。31.I tried to relax because I knew I

26、 would use up my oxygen sooner_A. the more exited I got B. I got excited moreC. and more I got excited D. and I got more excited（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 该句的原因状语从句中包含副词比较级，四个选项也都包含形容词比较。根据从句内容，它是“the morethe more”句型的一种变化形式。意思是：我越激动，氧气就会越快用完。四个选项只有A符合以上句型。32.-Between you and me, he said you are good for

27、 nothing.-_.A. So did he. B. So he said.C. So he did, did he? D. Thus he did.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 这种附加疑问句表示对对方所说的话感到惊讶，难以置信。33._ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A. For B. Now C. Since D. Despite（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 for引导的从句表示推测性原因，不能放在句首。since意为“因为，由于”，不

28、与that连用。despite意为“尽管”，是介词，只能引导让步状语从句。34.Three hours _ the limit of this examination.A. is B. were C. are D. was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 某些表示时间、距离等的复数名词作主语时，如只表示一个整体概念，不强调复数意义，谓语动词应用单数形式。本题中，three hours被视为一个整体，因此谓语动词不用复数形式，B、C即可排除。因句中没有表示过去某时的时间状语，故D可排除。得到最佳选项A。35.So little _ about physics that the lec

29、ture was completely beyond me.A. I knew B. did I knowC. I had known D. had I known（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题中so表示程度，因此句子需部分倒装。B和D都是倒装句，区别在于时态。36.Neither John nor his brothers bought what _ needed.A. he B. they C. one D. you（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 以选择并列连词eitheror或否定并列连词neithernor引导的两个并列名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与or