1、情态动词专项练习及答案详解情态动词专项练习及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词1-We want someone to design the new art museum for me.-_ the young fellow have a try?AShall BMay CWill DNeed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们想找人为我设计一个新的艺术博物馆。是不是让这位年轻小伙子试一试?shall作为情态动词,用于二三人称,表示询问,警告,允诺,命令,决心,强制等语气。will作为情态动词,用于主语是各种人称的陈述句中,表示意愿和倾向。用于第二人称的疑问句中,表请求。故选A。2He
2、 is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:他是个脾气不好的家伙,但当他希望自己有魅力的时候,他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”,故C项正确。3he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.Ashall BmustCmay Dneed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:法律面前人人平等。没有人能凌驾于法律之上。A.
3、shall用于第二、第三人称,则含有命令、警告、允诺或威胁的语气。B. must(必须,一定)用于肯定句。C. may(可以,能够)表允许时一般不与第三人称连用。D. need (表示没有必要或询问是否有必要) 需要;故选A。4 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.Ashall Bshould Cmust Dwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:妈妈,小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的,你看,意外总会发生。A. shall将要,会;B. should应当
4、;C. must必须;D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】will/would是情态动词,其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,好吗?We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。注:表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉转。如:Will/Would you please keep the do
5、or open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2)表示真理或习惯:惯于,总是。如:Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐,一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(3)表示要求:一定,必须。如:You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要
6、向我报告。(4)表示猜测:可能,大概。如:This will be the house youre looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能:能。如:This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知,本句中的will表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。5The professor warned the students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.Ashould they Bthey
7、 shouldCdare they Dthey dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表示应该,故选A。6-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.Ashall BneedCwill Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情
8、态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或条文中,表示义务、规定等;B. need需要;C. will会;D. must必须。句意:我能用信用卡支付么?对不起,先生,现金支付是我们酒店的管理规定。故A项正确。7The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.Amust BcouldCwould Dshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意:新开业的超市宣布,开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的
9、陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺,命令,警告等,此处表示超市的承诺,故选D。8 Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket? OK, Its two blocks straight ahead. You _ miss it.Acant BmustntCneednt Dwouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:劳驾,你能告诉我最近的Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗?好的,一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. cant不可能;B. mustnt
10、禁止,不允许;C. neednt不必;D. wouldnt不会。故选A。9_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will stop right now.AMay BShallCWill DMust【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词的用法。 May可以,可能 Shall:?用于第一三人称的疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。用于二三人称的陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等。用于法律、法规条文、合同等,按规定应该履行的义务等。Will 表示请求或建议;表示意愿或表示现在的习惯D.
11、 Must表示“必须”“一定”“偏要”之意。此处must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意:你偏要在深夜又唱又跳吗?很抱歉,我会马上停止。考点:考查情态动词的用法。10Our English teacher is considerate,helpful,and warm-hearted,but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.Ashould BmustCcan Dshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠,但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性,但不一定会发生,故C项正
12、确。11Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have done Bneed have done Cwould have done Dmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:坦率地说,我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事,这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事,而
13、实际上没有做某事;B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做;C. would have done虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”;D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知,本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。12Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.Amust Bcan Cshall Dshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意
14、:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。13-Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you_know-you married one.Amight Bwould Cshall Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能,也许;B. would将会;C. shall必须,会;D. should应该。句意:-有艺术修养的
15、人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点,因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断,用should。14The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoided Bshould be avoidedCcould have avoided Dcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,
16、这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语
17、气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“s
18、hould / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含
19、有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.15Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.Acan BshouldCneed Dmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它
20、上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。16Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to have Bneed to Cneeded to Dneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:你
21、昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的,但我想我(本来)不需要,因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时,要把从句的否定词not前移,即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”;“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出,我本来不必要去。故选D。17Students _ remain in their seats until al
22、l the papers have been collected according to the regulation.Awould Bshall Cwill Dcould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:学生们必须呆在自己的座位上,直到所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意,“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务,用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。18While it wasnt the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that _ to
23、me during the regular course of business.Amight never happen Bcould never have happenedCshould not happen Dneednt have happened【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的,但我得到了一些新的领悟,那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气,“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去,故此处是与过去事实相反,应用could/might/would/need/should+have done,“本不可能发生”是could never have
24、 happened,故选B项。【点睛】本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气,其常用表达有:could have done本能做某事而未做 couldnt have done不可能做了某事should have done本应该做某事而未做 shouldnt have done本不应该做某事而做了would have done本会某事而未做 wouldnt have done本不会做某事而做了need have done本需要做某事而未做 neednt have done本不必要做某事而做了19Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
25、Oh, its too bad. You_ have made full preparations.Amust Bcan Cwould Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意:对不起,妈妈,我面试又失败了。噢,那太糟糕了,你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须;B.can可以;C.would将会;D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气,can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过吗?”;could+have+done,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做;must+have+
26、done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句;should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做”。故选D【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但它不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别,情态动词否定式的用法辨析,“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。20Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How _ it be that he was l
27、ate for the meeting?Acan Bshould Cmay Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了? A. can可能,可能性,表示可能性时,常用于否定句和疑问句中,且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该; C. may也许,表示可能性时常用于肯定句中,不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测,“一定”的意思;本题是强调句型的一个变式:强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢?”。根据句意可知,用于疑问句中的“可能性
28、”且有不相信的色彩,四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A【点睛】情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法,也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点,平时要加强记忆。21If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _ avoided.Ashould Bcould be Cshould have been Dcould have been【答案】D【解析】【详解
29、】考查情态动词用法。句意:如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视,就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构,结合句意表示“本来可以;本来能够”应用could have done结构,且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系,故应用be done形式。故选D。【点睛】情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种:一、must have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测,这时只能用在肯定句中,“肯定/必须已经干过”,在否定句和疑问句中用cant或couldnt或can/ could,例如:1.From what you said
30、, she must have told you all about it. 从你的话看,她一定告诉了你所有的事情。二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事,而实际上未做;1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是,我们本可以把这一切做得更好。三、cant/couldnt have done sth.不可能做过某事;1. We couldt have done it without you.没有你我们办不成这事。四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。2.Even if its something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。22AI will surel
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