高考核心词汇与练习B含答案.docx

1、高考核心词汇与练习B含答案高考核心词汇与练习-B（含答案）1. balance n. 均衡；平衡；天平；余额 v. 平衡；权衡(1) You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside _ the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。 【答案】against (2) As is known to all, a _ diet should keep your body healthy. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. balance of【答案】答案

2、 B解析：balanced为形容词，意为“平衡的”，符合题意。 (3) In education there should be a good _ among the branches of knowledge that contributes to effective thinking and wise judgment. A. distribution B. balance C. combination D. assignment 【答案】答案 B解析：“在知识的分支方面应该有一个好的平衡”，balance“平衡”，符合题意。2. ban v. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁令(1) They si

3、gned agreements _ (ban) the use of chemical weapons.【答案】banning (2) As a peace-loving country, well declare a total _ on nuclear arms. A. ban B. arrival C. control D. movement【答案】答案 A解析：句意：作为一个热爱和平的国家，我们宣布全面禁止核武器。ban“禁止”，符合题意。( 3) Because of the shortage of water there is a _ on the use of hose-pipe

4、s. A. ban B. vote C. lawyer D. boycott 【答案】答案 A解析：ban强调通过法律禁止，后接介词on。题意为：因为缺水，禁止使用水龙软管。3. base n. 根基；底座；根据；基础 v. 以为基础（根据）(1) Actually, teaching is an art _ (base) on science. 【答案】based (2) The movie _ J. K. Rowlings Hotter and the Goblet of Fire was put on on November 18 this year. A. basing on B. b

5、ased on C. being based on D. to be based on 【答案】答案 B解析：句中的the movie和base之间是被动关系，其实质是base the movie on J. K. Rowlings Hotter and the Goblet of Fire，故正确答案为。(3) The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _ his arguments in favor of the new theory. A. on which to base B. which to base on C. to b

6、ase on D. to be based on 【答案】答案 A解析：题意为：教授几乎找不到支持这一新理论的充分理由。根据句意，题中的professor是想将自己的argument建立在sufficient grounds之上，即to base his arguments on these grounds。因此，关系代词which指代的先行词grounds应是介词on的宾语，故应选择on which to base。4. bear v. 承受；忍耐；运送；携带；生（孩子）(1) Hebb has _ (bear) him six sons and the eldest son was _ (

7、bear) in 1970.【答案】borne ; born (2) Why did Bob cry? He couldnt bear _ like that before the whole class. A. making fun of B. being made fun of C. to be laughed D. being made fun【答案】答案 B解析：动词bear后可跟v.-ing形式或不定式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。选项C中应用短语动词laugh at。(3) We have no vacancies (空职) now, but well certainly _ y

8、our application in mind. A. hide B. bear C. stand D. endure 【答案】答案 B解析：本题考查固定短语bear in mind“记住”。5. benefit n. 优势；利益；成效 v. 使受益；得益于(1) The new regulation will be _ (benefit) to everyone concerned.【答案】beneficial(2) Who is most likely to _ the old ladys death? A. benefit B. benefit from C. be beneficial

9、 D. be beneficial to 【答案】答案B解析：benefit“对有益”；benefit from“从中获益”；be beneficial to“对有益”，故选B项。(3) The new medical care policy will be _ to us all. A. great benefit B. benefited C. beneficial D. for the benefit【答案】答案C解析：考查固定短语be beneficial to，“对有益”。6. blame v. 把归咎于；指责 n. .责任；指责(1) He was blamed _ the acc

10、ident, but he blamed it _ others. In fact, it is he, not others that is _ (为受责备) it.【答案】for ; on ; to blame for(2) They blamed the failure on George. Actually, he _. A. is not to blame B. is to blame C. is not to be blamed D. should not blame【答案】答案 A解析：sb. be to blame表示“某人被责备”。又由actually知此处应选。 (3) H

11、is driver, _ for the accident, had not been driving carefully. A. blamed B. being blamed C. to be blamed D. blaming 【答案】答案 A解析：考查过去分词短语作定语。句意：为事故而受责备的司机没有仔细开车。7. burst v. 爆裂；胀开；猛冲，突然出现 n. 突发；爆破(1) Hearing the news, she burst _ tears (= burst _ crying).【答案】into ; out (2) As soon as she saw her mother

12、, she _. A. burst out tears B. burst into tears C. broke out tears D. broke into crying 【答案】答案 B解析：考查固定短语burst / break into tears和burst / break out crying。 ( 3) In a sudden _ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach. A. attack B. burst C. split D. blast【答案】答案 B解析：句意：一气之下，这个男人把够得着的东西全撕毁了。名词b

13、urst可用来表示情感的迸发，因此，只有项能满足该句的句意。8. bury v. 埋葬；埋藏；使陷入(1) She sat there, _ (bury) in thought.【答案】buried(2) _ in the newspaper, I didnt notice what was happening. A. Having buried B. Burying C. Buried D. To be buried【答案】答案 C解析：句意：专心看报，他没注意到发生了什么。buried in the newspaper为过去分词短语作状语。 (3) _ deep down in the e

14、arth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal. A. Buried B. Burying C. To bury D. Being buried【答案】答案 A解析：句子的主语和bury之间是被动关系，且动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用过去分词形式。9. bargain n. 减价品；便宜货 v. 讨价还价(1) In the market, dealers were bargaining _ growers _ the price of coffee.在市场上商人正和种植者就咖啡的价格进行商谈。【答案】with ; over (2) Afte

15、r much _, the shop owner agreed to cut down the price of the MP4 by 20%. A. debating B. talking C. discussing D. bargaining 【答案】答案 D解析：句意：经过多次讨价还价之后，店主同意把MP4的价格降低20。bargain“讨价还价”，符合题意。(3) Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _ in the market. A. batt

16、eries B. bargains C. baskets D. barrels 【答案】答案 B解析：题意为：有些人喜欢星期天购物，因为他们希望能在市场上挑到不错的便宜货。bargain“便宜货，廉价品”，符合题意。10. betray v. 出卖；泄露；背叛 ( 1) He had a good disguise (伪装), but as soon as he spoke he betrayed _ (he).【答案】himself(2) He betrayed his friends _ the enemy, which surprised us all. A. to B. for C.

17、with D. by【答案】答案 A解析：“出卖”，应用betray to结构，由此可知正确答案。 ( 3) How do you know he is from Hunan Province? Oh, his accent _ when he spoke? A. betrayed B. displayed C. appeared D. showed 【答案】答案 A解析：句意：你怎么知道他是湖南人？他说话时的口音暴露了这一点。betray“暴露”，符合题意。11. beyond prep. 在（或向）较远的一边；超出 ad. 在另一边；在（或向）更远处 ( 1) _ (超出我的能力) why

18、 she wants to marry Jeff.【答案】Its beyond me ( 2) We take our skin for granted until it is burned _ repair. A. beyond B. for C. without D. under 【答案】答案 A解析：题意为：皮肤被烫得无法修复之前我们想当然地认为皮肤不易受伤害。Beyond repair“无法修复”，符合题意。 (3) Finding a job in such a big company has always been _ his wildest dreams. A. under B.

19、 over C. above D. beyond 【答案】答案 D解析：句意：能在这么大的公司找到一份工作一直是他不敢想像的事。beyond ones wildest dream为固定短语，意为“做梦也想不到”。12. burden n. 重担；负担 v. 担负(1) I dont want to burden you _ my problems.我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。【答案】with (2) I dont want to become a burden _ my children when Im old. A. for B. to C. at D. on 【答案】答案 B解析：bec

20、ome a burden to sb. “成为某人的负担”。 (3) She got off the bus, _ with two heavy suitcases.A. burdening B. burdened C. burden D. to burden【答案】答案 B解析：句意：她提着两只沉重的手提箱下了公共汽车。be burdened with“背负着”，用过去分词短语作伴随状语。13. burn v. 燃烧；烧伤 ( 1) Two children were rescued from the _ (burn) car.【答案】burning (2) The fire is burn

21、ing _; add some more coal to it, please. A. up B. down C. away D. out 【答案】答案 B解析：根据后句add some more coal to it可知，火快烧完了，故用burn down表达此意。 ( 3) If the bottle of gas _ fire, the whole building may _. A. will catch; be burnt off B. catches; be burnt to the ground C. is on; burn down D. will be on; be burn

22、ed to the ground 【答案】答案 B解析：在if从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，故、两项错误；burn和the whole building之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态，所以正确答案为B。14. 倍数表达 (1) A: Our classroom is three times the size of theirs. B: Our classrrom is three times _ _ _ theirs. C: Our classroom is three times _ _ theirs.【答案】B：as big as C : bigger than (2)What doe

23、s the model plane look like?Well，the wings of the plane are of its body. Amore than the length twiceBtwice more than the lengthCmore than twice the lengthDmore twice than the length【答案】答案C解析“两倍多”应是more than twice the名词结构。(3)Our city has experienced this year as it did last year.Atwice as much rain B

24、rain twice as muchCas twice much rain Dtwice rain as much【答案】答案A解析twice as much.as是的两倍，为固定结构。15be short for.是的缩写；是的简称 (1)_ (总之)，he is an honest person and you can depend on him. Digital technology often falls short _ our expectation.数字技术时常达不到我们的期望。Her name is Alex，short _ Alexandra.她名叫亚历克斯，是亚历山德拉的简称

25、。【答案】In short ; of ; for (2)Robert is called “Bob” Afor short Bin shortCshort for Dshort of【答案】答案A解析句意为：Robert简称为Bob；for short简称，符合句意。(3)Ed is short Edward，who isnt short cash. (2011本溪月考)Afor；of Bof；inCfor；in Dfor；for【答案】答案A解析be short for是的简称；be short of缺少。16be supposed to应该；理应 (1)You are supposed _

26、 (ask) the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. You are supposed _ (finish) the work by now. 这工作你现在应该已经完成了。(但没完成)_ (suppose) hes right and I do die tomorrow?【答案】to ask ; to have finished ; Supposing (2)Alice，you are supposed part in the party in time.Sorry，but I had an unexpected visitor.Ato

27、take Bto have takenCto be taking Dtaking【答案】答案B解析由下句可知，上句意为：你理应及时参加晚会(但事实上没参加)；be supposed to have done本该做某事，符合题意。(3)He was to be a musician，but he became a lawyer.Athought BsaidCconsidered Dsupposed【答案】答案D解析句意为：他应该成为一名音乐家，但是他成了一名律师。be supposed to应该。17be connected with与有联系(1)The expert thought that

28、his illness was connected _ his diet. Does he have any _ (connect) with the accident?【答案】with ; connection (2)The police have collected some information the murder.Aconnected by Bconnected withCconnecting with Dwas connected with【答案】答案B解析过去分词短语作定语。句意为：警察已收集了一些与谋杀有关的信息。(3)The president is visiting Ne

29、w York the trade talks.(2010安顺统考)Ain contrast with Bin connection withCin consequence of Din accordance with【答案】答案B解析句意为：总统在访问纽约，参加贸易会谈。in contrast with和形成对比；in connection with和有关；in consequence of由于；in accordance with和一致，根据句意应填in connection with。18be crazy about迷恋；热衷于；醉心于(1)I am crazy _ American movies，from which I can learn a lot of native English. For the next two days the team worked _ (发疯似地).【答案】about ; like crazy (2)Tom has been about football since he was very young and plays it every day.Aeager BcrazyCcurious Dinterested【答案】答案B解析由since后可知，此处应是