英语中考必备同义词辨析选择不会的打印.docx

1、英语中考必备同义词辨析选择不会的打印 初中英语词汇辨析1.clothes, cloth, clothing clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称， 指一件衣服用 a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故 He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number amount 后接不可数名词，number 后接可数名词 a number of students 4. f

2、amily, house, home home 家，包括住处和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成员。My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound 自然界各种各样的声音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing photo 用照相机拍摄的照片，picture 可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing 画的画 Lets go and see a good picture. 7.vocabulary, word

3、 vocabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word 具体的单词 He has a large vocabulary. 8.population, people population 人口，人数，people 具体的人 China has a large population. 9.weather, climate weather 一天内具体的天气状况，climate 长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you. 10.road, street, path, way road 具体的公路，马路，street 街道，path 小路，小径，way

4、 道路，途径 take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum. 11. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用来解释某种现象或 结果的理由，后接 for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 12. exercise, exercises, practice exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises 练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习。 Practice

5、makes perfect. 13. class, lesson 作“课”解时，两者可以替换。指课文用 lesson. 指班级或全体学生用 class. Lesson 6; Class 5 14. speech, talk, lecture speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture 学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on 15. work, job 二者均指工作。work 不可数，job 可数 a good job。 16. couple, pair couple 主要指人或动物，pair 多指由两

6、部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 17. country, nation, state, land country 侧重指版图，疆域，nation 指人民，国民，民族，state 侧重指政府，政体，land 国土， 国家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 18. police, policeman police 警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning 19. problem, question problem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为 think

7、about, solve, raise，question 常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer 连用。 20. man, a man man 人类，a man 一个男人 Man will conquer nature. 21. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken 还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious. 22. trip, journey, traveltravel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍长的旅途，23. a number of, the number of a number of 许多，谓语动词用复数。t

8、he number of 的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 24. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面，in the front of 范围内的前面 I25. of the day, of a day of the day 每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day 暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day 26. by bus, on the bus by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus 表范围 They wen

9、t there by bus. 27. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment 暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment 28. in a word, in words in a word 总之，一句话， in words 口头上 In a word, you are right. 29. in class, in the class in class 在课上，in the class 在班级里 He is the best student in the class. 30. on fire,

10、 on the fire on fire 着火, on the fire 在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire. 31. out of question, out of the question out of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能的32. by day, by the day by day 白天，by the day 按天计算 The workers are paid by the day. 33. the people, a people the people 指人，a p

11、eople 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 34. it, one it 同一物体，one 同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 35. none, nothing, no one none 强调有多少，nothing, no one 强调有没有，nothing 指物，no one 指人 - How many / How much ? - None. 36. anyone, any one anyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人，物均可，可接 of， any one of

12、you 37. who, what who 指姓名或关系，what 指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher. 38. what, which what 的选择基础是无限制的，which 在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 39. other, the other, others ，the others， anotherother可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other bo

13、oks except this one.the other则指已知的两个人或两事物中的另一个表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.others泛指别的人或别的物常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. “the others =the other复数名词”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。

14、In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中没有确定的另一个, another一般只能表单数，且其后接名词也只能接单数名词。但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时，则也可接复数名词如： We need another few chairs. 我们还需要几把椅子。40. not a little, not a bit not a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不 Im not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。 41. many, much, a lot of ma

15、ny 和可数名词连用，much 和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I havent many books. 42. much more than, many more than much more than 后接形容词或不可数名词，many more than 后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 43. no, not no = not a/any如no friend = not a/any friend， no water = not any water 44. no

16、more than, not more than no more than 相当于 only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过 45. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself 单独的，独自的，for oneself 为自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的， 自动的 The door opened of itself. 46. tall, high tall 常指人或动物，high 常指物体 He is tall. 47. fast, quickly fast 侧重于

17、指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 48. high, highly high 具体的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 49. healthy, healthful healthy 健康的，健壮的，healthful 有益于健康的 healthful exercise 50. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby

18、， The baby is asleep. Im sleepy. 51. real, true real 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 52. ill, sick 都是指：病的：ill 做表语用在形容词后，sick 定（用在名字前），表语（用在形容词后）均可 a sick boy 53. hard, hardly hard 努力，hardly 几乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it. 54. able, capableable 与不定式 to

19、do 连用，capable 与 of 连用 He is capable of doing 55. almost, nearly almost, nearly都是副词，意为“几乎，差不多”almost一般不带语气，表示“这事情已经这样了。”nearly一般带点语气，表示“这事情居然都已经这样了！”另外almost多表示时间、程度、距离、进度，且almost可以修饰more than, too, nothing, nobody, nowhere, no one, none, never等词，nearly则不行。not nearly 表示“一点也不，决不”，而not almost则是“还没有那么多”

20、。56. late, lately late 迟，晚，lately 最近，近来 I havent seen him lately. 57. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live 均为活着的，living 作为定语和表语均可，alive 定表均可，做定语的时候要后置，live 只能做定语，lively 意为活波的 all the living people = all the people alive 58. excited, exciting excited 使人兴奋的，主语指人exciting 令人兴奋的主语是物体，物对.感到兴奋；一

21、般情况下，是人做主语，用v-ed； 物做主语，用v-ing. He was excited at the news. The news that our team won is exciting. 同样的道理，其他类似的词，surprising /sruprised ；interesting/interested .也是这样区分的。总结：-ed是从自己的角度出发，excited表示自己很激动 如I am very excited to see the movie. 要看电影我非常激动interested表示自己很感兴趣 I am interested in cooking。 我对烹饪感兴趣-i

22、ng是使别人，exciting表示令人激动的 The movie is very exciting.电影很刺激/使我很兴奋 interesting表示有趣的，也就是会让人觉得感兴趣的 Cooking is interesting. 烹饪很有趣/让人觉得有趣59. deep, deeply deep 具体的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 60. aloud, loud aloud 出声地，loud 大声地 read aloud (出声地读) 61. worth, worthy 二者均为值得，worth 后接 doing，worthy 后接 to

23、be done 62. catch a cold, have a cold catch a cold 不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用，而 have a cold 可以 She has had a cold for a week. 63. look, seem, appear look 指从外表上看，seem 指内心的判断，appear 指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father 64. mean to do, mean doing mean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味着 65. die from, die of

24、 ，die for，die out, die off（1）die from 表示死于（外部的原因）（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等（2）die of表示死于（内部的原因）疾病，饥饿寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold （3）die for意为“为而死，为而献身”，表示因为事业或目的而死。（4）die out意为“死光，绝种，（火等）熄灭”，后不接宾语。The fired died out.火灭了。（5）die off表示相继死去，直到绝种的意思。其后不能接宾语。The poor children died off because of lack o

25、f food.由于缺乏食品孩子们一个个死去die的名词为death，形容词为dead ,现在分词为dying。66. pay for, pay back, pay off pay for 为付钱，pay back 还钱，但不一定还清，pay off 还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 67. arrive, get, reach arrive 不及物动词，后接 in (大地点)，at(小地点)，arrive in Beijing,get 不及物动词后接 to才能加宾语，get to Beijing,reach 及物动词后面直接加宾语 reach Beij

26、ing 68. be familiar to, be familiar with be familiar to 某物对某人来说是熟悉的，The book is familiar to me. be familiar with 某人熟悉某物Im familiar with the book. 69 agree with, agree to, agree on agree with 同意某人，agree with you,agree to 同意某事，agree to the planagree on 在.上达成一致意见，主语是复数 70. wear, put on, dress wear 和 dr

27、ess 表状态, wear 接衣服等，可用进行时，dress 接人，be dressed in, put on 表动作 Its cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. 71. listen, hear listen 强调动作，hear 强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing72Speak,Talk,Say和Tell tell是指告诉，tell sb about sth，tell sth to sbspeak是指讲，比如讲某种语言例如speak English（说英语）talk是指谈论talk about sthsay指说

28、话内容，一般用作He says”.73.family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成员。My family is a happy one. 74.since, for (完成时间状语)since 接点时间或一句话，for 接一段时间 for three years, since 3:0075. on the corner, in the corner, at the corneron the corner 物体表面的角上on the corner of the tablein the corner 物体内部的角落里，at th

29、e corner 物体外部的角落上（拐角处）76. on earth, on the earth, in the earthon earth 在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth 在地上，在地球上，in the earth 在地下，在泥土里77.in surprise, to ones surprise, by surprisein surprise 惊奇地，to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是，by surprise 使惊慌 The question took the professor by surprise.78. in the air, on th

30、e air, in the skyin the air 正在酝酿中on the air 播送，广播，in the sky 在天空中His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.79.through ,across ,crosscross指的是交叉的意思 across是穿过的意思 through是穿越的意思 across与 cross只是在拼写相近，但意思是不同的 across与through在意思上倒是很接近的 across一般指的是穿过马路across the street through则指的是距离比较长的through the forest across

31、prep. 平面穿过（立体的用through e.g. run across the street, look through the window,go through the forest） cross 做动词与across对应，可直接加名词 意思差不多，给你个例子； McDonalds is located across the street: 麦当劳在马路对过 If you cross the street, you will get there:过了马路就到了 You have no idea what I had to go through for the past couple of years:你可不知道我这几年都经过了些什么 Through the good and the bad, I realized tha