高中英语 Module 1 British and American English.docx

1、高中英语 Module 1 British and American EnglishSection Introduction & Reading Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.accent n口音2.subway n. (美)地铁3.queue vi. (英)排队(等候)4.omit vt. 省略5.remark n. 评论；讲话6.steadily adv. 不断地；持续地.拓展词汇1.obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地2.confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的confused

2、adj.感到困惑的；难懂的confuse v使混乱；使困惑confusion n困惑；混乱；混淆pare vt.比较；对比comparison n比较；对比4.variety n种类；变化；多样性vary v变化；改变；不同various adj.各种各样的；不同的5.differ vi.不同，有区别different adj.不同的difference n不同6.settler n移民；定居者settle v决定；定居settlement n殖民；开拓1.linguist n语言学家记法lingu(language语言)ist(人)联想ist后缀指人的名词集锦artist艺术家scienti

3、st科学家typist打字员 pianist钢琴家novelist小说家 specialist专家2.preposition n介词联想tion后缀的名词小结attention注意 introduction介绍description描写 intention目的，意图communication交流 pronunciation发音3.satellite n卫星联想识记“天体”相关词universe宇宙 planet行星galaxy星系 space太空solar system太阳系 the Milky Way银河词块satellite communication卫星通信satellite telev

4、ision卫星电视satellite navigation卫星导航satellite remote sensing卫星遥感；卫星遥感测量二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.have .in common有相同的特点2.make a difference 有影响，使不相同3.get around 四处走动(旅行)4.queue up/stand in line 排队pare .with . 把与相比6.be similar to 与相似7.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难8.lead to 引起；导致1.on the other side of

5、the Atlantic在大西洋彼岸2.make the famous remark 说这句名言3.two nations divided by a common language被同一种语言分开的两个民族4.develop steadily 平稳发展5.since the 1980s 自从20世纪80年代以来6.at the flick of a switch 轻轻一按开关7.pass into British English 传入英式英语8.one of the bestknown faces 最熟悉的面孔之一三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.It doesnt make much of

6、 a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.老师讲英式英语还是讲美式英语没有太大的差别。你来不来参加派对并不重要。it用作形式主语，真正的主语是由whether引导的主语从句。It_doesnt_matter_whether you will attend the party or not.2.Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, its a torch.美国人把手电筒称为“flashlight”， 而英国人叫它“torch”。许多学生热衷于

7、电脑游戏，而李华却喜欢踢足球。while用作并列连词，表示对比，意为“然而”。Many students are hot on playing computer games, while Li Hua likes playing football.3.This nonstop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.专家们认为，这种不间断的交流已使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。电视音乐选秀节目让草根一族能更

8、容易实现自己的梦想。make itadj./n.for sb./sth. to do sth.，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。The TV music talent shows make_it_easier for the grass roots to realize their dreams.1(教材P1)We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language.我们今天与美国真的一切都相同了，当然除了语言。 have sth. in common (with sb

9、./sth.) (和某人或某物)有相同/共同的特点have much/a lot/everything in common有很多共同之处have not much/little/nothing in common没有多少/(几乎)没有共同之处in common with 与一样in common 共同，共有They have a lot in common and get along well with each other.他们有很多相同之处，相处得很融洽。They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbi

10、es.她们是孪生姐妹，但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well.和其他公司一样，他们也广泛地做广告。2(教材P1)It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.老师讲英式英语还是讲美式英语没有太大的差别。 make a difference有影响，使不相同，起重要作用make no/little/some/much/a great differen

11、ce (to)(对)没有/几乎没有/有些/有很大影响tell the difference辨别，区分(2016北京高考)Little people can make a big difference.小人物能有大作为。What you said just now made_no_difference to him.刚才你说的话对他没有什么影响。The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them.这对双胞胎看起来太像了，你简直无法把他们区分开来。联想发散“makean.”短语归纳：make

12、a choice作选择make a decision 作决定make a face 扮鬼脸make a journey 旅行make a joke 说笑话，开玩笑make a living 谋生3(教材P2)The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary.首先最明显的是在词汇方面。 obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的(1)It is obvious that .显然be obvious to sb. 对某人来说是显然的/易于理解的(2)obviously adv. 显然地，明显地It might be obvious to you

13、, but it isnt to me.这对你来说也许很容易理解，但对我却并非如此。It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common.显然，这两种英语有很多共同之处。Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling.很显然，美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。4(教材P2)As a tourist, you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York, o

14、r maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi (British) or cab (American)作为游客，你在伦敦要乘坐的地铁叫underground，而在纽约则叫subway，或者你更愿意乘坐taxi(英式)或者cab(美式)游览城市。 get around四处走动(旅行)；传播，流传get away from摆脱；逃离get over 克服；从(疾病、震惊等)中恢复常态get through 用完；完成；接通(电话)get on/along (with) 进展；相处get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做

15、)；开始认真对待Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly.好事不出门，坏事传千里。Its time I got down to some serious work.我该认真干点正事了。I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldnt get through.昨天我试着给你打过几次电话，但是没有打通。名师点津get around/round意为“在各处；到各处”，主语为人时，常表示“旅行；到过很多地方”，相当于get about

16、；主语为news等名词时，常表示“流传开来；众所周知”，此时get around没有被动语态。5(教材P2)Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing.有时候同一个单词的含义有微小的差别，这让人很困惑。 confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的(1)confuse vt. 使迷惑，混淆confuse .with/and . 把和混淆(2)confusion n. 混乱，困惑in confusion 困惑地，混乱地(3)confused adj. 感到困惑的be confu

17、sed about 对感到迷惑Dont confuse Austria with/and Australia.不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混了。A man in confusion (confuse) cannot focus on the required work.思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他被要求做的工作。The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused about the confusing questions asked by his parents.(confuse)他脸上迷惑的表情表明他对父母问的那些令人迷惑的

18、问题感到困惑。语境串记They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.他们问了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了。我完全困惑了，迷茫地站在那里，全然不知所措。名师点津ving形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“的；令人的”；v.ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，常用来描述人，意为“感到的”。另外，修饰face, look, expression, voice等时，常用

19、v.ed形式的形容词。6(教材P2)Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British)介词的用法也有所不同：比较一下on the team, on the weekend (美式) 和in the team, at the weekend (英式)。 compare v比较，对比compare A with B把A和B比较一下compare A to B 把A比作Bcompare with .

20、与相匹敌compared with/to . 和相比(通常作状语)beyond/without compare 无与伦比；举世无双A teacher is often compared to a candle. Thats because their devotion to work is beyond compare.老师常被喻为蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的奉献精神是无与伦比的。The girl who wants to become more beautiful often compares her skin with mine.那位想变得更美的女孩总是把她的皮肤和我的相比。Compared

21、_with/to me, you are much luckier.和我相比，你幸运多了。7(教材P2)The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.两种英语的另外两个方面的区别是拼写和发音。 variety n种类，品种；变化，多样性(1)a variety ofvarieties of各种各样的(2)various adj. 各种各样的；不同的(3)vary v. (使)变化，不同vary from . to . 由到情况不等A variety of food is

22、sold at a supermarket.在超市，各种各样的食物均有出售。Our customs vary_from place to place.我们的风俗习惯因地而异。Everyone arrived late at the party for various (vary) reasons.由于种种原因，每个人到达聚会都很晚。名师点津a variety of后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 differ vi.不同，有区别(1)differ in在方面不同differ from 不同于，和意见不一致differ with sb. on/over/about sth.与某人在某问题上的意见

23、不同(2)different adj. 不同的，有区别的be different in 在某方面不同be different from 不同于，与有区别(3)difference n. 区别，差别We differ with your opinion on/over/about that point.在那个问题上我们和你的意见不一致。Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.Things in the world are_different_from each other in a thousand ways.世

24、界上的事物是千差万别的。8(教材P2)A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难have some/much/a lot of/great/no difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有些/很多/很大/没有困难have some/much difficulty with sth.在

25、某事上有些/有很多困难There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有些/没有困难(2016北京高考)She had more difficulty keeping focused.她集中注意力更加困难。He has much difficulty with his English pronunciation.他在英语发音方面有很大困难。There is no difficulty (in) finding (find) his house.找到他的家毫不费力。名师点津这些句型中difficulty为不可数名词，difficulty可用troubl

26、e, a problem或problems代替。9(教材P3)But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.但这也导致了大量美式英语单词和结构进入英式英语，以至于现在有一些人认为英式英语将会消失。 lead to引起；导致；通向(1)lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事lead sb. to/into . 领着某

27、人去/进入lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活(2)in the lead 带头，处于领先地位take the lead 带头(2017江苏高考书面表达)Consequently, some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.结果，一些观众不再去电影院，导致(票房)增长缓慢。The invention of the new type of machine led to him/his winning (win) the prize.这种新型机器的发明使他赢得了这个奖。After

28、last nights win, Johnson has_taken_the_lead in the championship table.昨天晚上赢了比赛后，约翰逊已在冠军排行榜上领先。The waiter led_me_to_a_table then gave me a brochure, which led_me_to_believe this was the best hotel I had stayed in.那位服务员领我到一张桌子旁，然后给我一本小册子，这让我认为这是我住过的最好的旅馆。联想发散lead to中的to为介词，含介词to的动词短语我们还学过：be used to习惯

29、于pay attention to 注意look forward to 期望，盼望refer to 提到，谈到，参考adapt to 适应1It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.老师讲英式英语还是讲美式英语没有太大的差别。(1)为了保持句子平衡，本句中it作形式主语，代替后面whether引导的主语从句。It doesnt matter whether you win or not and the most important thing is to ta

30、ke part.输赢不重要，重在参与。Its clear that learning English well is very important to us.显然，学好英语对我们来说很重要。(2)it作形式主语，除了代替从句外，还可以代替不定式或v.ing形式。It is hard to_please (please) all.众口难调。It is no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.覆水难收。2This nonstop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.专家们认为，这种不间断的交流已使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。make itadj.(for sb.) to do .是固定句型，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，其中的形容词作宾语补足语。Timely r