复习方法 八年级下册重点语法和短语.docx

1、复习方法 八年级下册重点语法和短语复习方法八年级下册重点语法和短语Unit 1 Will people haverobots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用 do/does的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do do/does的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：People will have robots ina few years.否定句例句：People (will not/wont)have robots in a few years.一般疑问句例句：Will people have robo

2、ts ina few years?特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in afew years?重点短语：wont = will no theyll = they will shell = she will hell = he will Ill = I will fall in lovewith(sb./sth.)爱上（某人/某物） be able to do sth.能够做某事 come true实现 in the future未来 hundreds of数以百计的 thousands of数以千计的 look for(sb./sth.)寻找（某人/某物） will

3、 would情态动词will的原形和过去式 may might情态动词may的原形和过去式Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)This helps you get readyto acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。Unit 2 What should I do?重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法） do/does的过去将来时态形式：(should

4、/would) do do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：You should write a letterto him.否定句例句：You shouldnt write aletter to him.一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter tohim?特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?重点短语：keep sb. out不让某人进入 Whats wrong? = Whatsthe matter? = Whats the problem?怎么了？ out

5、of style不时髦的；过时的 call sb. up给某人打电话 pay for sth.为某事付款 part-time job兼职工作 the same as = be same(to/with)与同样 in style时髦的；流行的 get on well with sb. =get along well with sb.与某人相处（好） didnt = did not couldnt = could not as . as possible尽可能(eg/ as soon as possible尽快) all kinds of各种；许多 on the one hand一方面 on th

6、e other hand另一方面 ask sb. for sth. = asksb. to do sth.请求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.请求某人不要做某事 spend (money) on sth. =spend (money) in doing sth.花钱做某事 sth. cost sb. (money)某人花钱为了某事 take sb. sometime to dosth.花某人时间做某事 find out查明 find sb. doing sth.发现某人做某事 be angry with sb.生某人的气 be angry at sth.生某事的气 th

7、e same age as = as oldas与某人年龄一样 have fight with sb.与某人打架 learn to do sth.学会做某事 not . until .直到才 compare sth.(A) withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较 its time for sth. =its time to do sth.到该做某事的时间了 maybe adv.或许 may be（情态动词+动词原形）可能是 shall should情态动词shall的原形和过去式 pay paid paid动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方

8、法)You will learn to use new words better if you use a learners dictionary. (时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)A bilingual dictionarysometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit 3 What were you doingwhen the UFO arrived?重点语法：过去进行时态 do/does的过去进行时态形式：(was/

9、were) doing do/does的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I was walking down thestreet when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasnt walking down thestreet when a UFO landed.一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down thestreet when a UFO landed?特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when aUFO landed?动词when和while的选择

10、：when后加瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。例句：The boy was walking downthe street when the UFO landed. =While the boy was walking down the street, the UFOlanded.感叹句结构：(1) How + adj. + the +主语+谓语动词 =(2) What + (a/an) + adj. + n. +主语+谓语动词例句：What a beautiful flower itis! =How beautiful the flower is! What beautiful flowe

11、rs they are! =How beautiful the flowers are!重点短语：get out出去；离开 take off起飞 run away逃跑；跑掉 come in进来 hear about = hear of听说 take place发生 as . as像一样(eg/ as old as him像他一样老) anywhere = everywhere =here and there任何地方 think about考虑 think of认为 get up = get out of thebed起床 at the doctors在诊所 every day每一天 every

12、day adj.日常的 most adj.大部分 the most最多的 in space在太空中 national hero民族英雄 all over the world = inthe world全世界Reading Strategy(阅读方法)The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)Its also a good idea toread the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第

13、一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit 4 He said I washard-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语从句(主语+谓语动词+宾语/表语)例句：-Im good at English. Hesays. (改为加宾语从句的复合句) -He says Im good at English.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。 例句：He says Im good at English now. He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. 主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。 例句：H

14、e said I was good at mathematics when I was youngyesterday. He said I was good at English now yesterday. 宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。 例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day. Ourteacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. 动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-ing形式。 例句：She said helping others changed her life.重点短语：dir

15、ect speech直接引语 reported speech =indirect speech间接引语 first of all = at first首先 pass on传递 be supposed to do sth.应该做某事 be good at = do well in在某方面做得好 in good health身体健康 get over克服 open up打开 care for = take care of= look after照料；照顾 not any more = not anylonger = no longer不再 have a cold感冒 end-of-year exa

16、m年终考试 get nervous变得紧张 forget to do sth.忘记做某事（该事未做） forget doing sth.忘记做某事（该事已做） its + adj. + for sb.+ to do sth.做某事对某人来说（加形容词） context上下文Reading Strategy(阅读方法)First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)You can understand themeaning of a word you dont know from the context. (至于不

17、懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit 5 If you go to theparty, youll have a great time!重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句结构：主句+ if +条件状语从句 if +条件状语从句+ (comma) +主句注意：在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：Youll have a great time ifyou go to the party. =If you go to the party, youll have a great time.重点短语：take away拿走 around the

18、world = allover the world在世界各地 make a living谋生 all the time = always一直 Whats the problem? =Whats the matter? = Whats wrong?怎么了？ in order to do sth.为了做某事 make sb. do sth.使得某人做某事（to省略，该结构是一个不带to的不定式。） make sb. adj.使得某人（加形容词） make sb. done使得某人被做 be famous for为而出名 be famous as作为而出名 in class在课堂上 spend .(

19、time/money) onsth. = spend .(time/money) in doing sth.花（时间/钱）用于做某事 see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程） see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事（强调偶然性） say said said动词say的原形、过去式和过去分词 tell told told动词tell的原形、过去式和过去分词 eat ate eaten动词eat的原形、过去式和过去分词 speak spoke spoken动词speak的原形、过去式和过去分Unit 6 How long have youbeen collectin

20、g shells?重点语法：现在完成进行时态 do/does的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing do/does的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。 I have been in Junior School for 3 years. 自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。 I have been making progress since he talked with me thattime.现在完成进行时态的肯

21、定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I have been skating forfive hours.否定句例句：I havent been skating forfive hours.一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating forfive hours?特殊疑问句例句：How long have you beenskating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？ How long have you been keeping this book?重点短语：run out of用完；用尽 by the way顺便说说 be intereste

22、d in doingsth.对某事感兴趣 more than比多 far away在远处 would like to do sth. =want to do sth. = feel like doing sth.想要做某事 send sb. sth. = sendsth. to sb.把某物赠送给某人 in fact实际上 room房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词） common more common the most common形容词common的原级、比较级和最高级Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Let your eyes scan the text quickl

23、y to find details that yourelooking for. (在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)You can find informationquickly without reading the whole text. (这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)Unit 7 Would you mindturning down the music?重点语法：mind ones doing sth.介意（某人）做某事重点短语：not at all一点也不 turn down调节使音量变小 right away = in

24、a minute= at once立刻；马上 wait in line排队等候 cut in line插队等候 hasnt = has not keep . down压低声音；使缓和 at first = first of all首先 take care当心；小心 take care of = careabout = look after关心；照顾 break the rule违规 obey the rule遵守规定 put out熄灭 pick sth. up捡起某物 wait for sb.等候某人 depend on依赖；依靠 get back = return要回 mean meant

25、 meant动词mean的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方法)As we read, we need to find topic sentences.(在我们阅读的时候，我们需要寻找“主题语句”，也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。) These sentences usuallygives us a summary, or overall meaning of each paragraph and helpus understand what the paragraph is about.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”，或者每个文段的全部意思，来帮助我们理解

26、段落大意。) After the topic sentencecomes more detail and explanation.(当“主题语句”出现后，该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。)Unit 8 Why dont you gether a scarf?重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事 why dont you do sth. =why not do sth. 例句：Why dont you get her acamera? = Why not get her a camera? what about = how about 例句：How about some tennisballs? = What about some tennis balls?重点短语：fall asleep入睡 give away赠送；分发 hea