届高三一轮复习英语第一册精品教案16.docx

1、届高三一轮复习英语第一册精品教案16Unit 16 Scientists at work考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:重点单词与短语experiment; glove; gas; liquid; advantage; disadvantage; application; engine; nuclear; comfort; unnecessary; successful; conduct; lightning; thunderstorm; string; charge; electric; shock; prove; tear; frame; handkerchief; control; sh

2、arp; foot; fasten; sense; shampoo; skin; drug; activist; doubt; cruel; view; conclusion；a number of; a great number of; pick out; test on; bring out; try on; come up with; take care; dream of doing; build up; concentrate on; belong to; set free; end up句型Tie the corner of the handkerchief to the poin

3、ts of the cross and you will have a nice strong kite. 祈使句+and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构The string was getting charged. get +过去分词语法：合成词的合成规律 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握experiment; advantage; comfort; unnecessary; successful; conduct; charge; electric; shock; prove; tear; control; sharp; fasten; sense; doubt; cruel

4、; view; conclusion；a number of; a great number of; pick out; test on; bring out; try on; come up with; take care; dream of doing; build up; concentrate on; belong to; set free; end up 等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握cut 构成的动词短语的用法；熟练掌握be to do sth.这一句型结构的各种用法；掌握一定的构词知识；能阅读通俗的文学作品和科普文章。教材知识归纳知识归纳1. It brings people

5、 more fort 的用法：派生词：comfortable adj. 舒服的知识梳理：(1)表示“舒适；安慰”时为抽象名词His kindness gave her much/great comfort.他对她和蔼可亲使她颇感安慰。He lives in great comfort.他生活极为舒适。(2)表示“令人感到安慰的人或事”时为可数名词。My husband was a great comfort to me when I was ill.在我生病时，我的丈夫是我极大的安慰。(3) 安慰,慰问They tried to comfort her, but what could they

6、 say?他们想要安慰她,但能说什么呢?2. In the eighteenth century, BENJIAMIN Franklin conducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is.(1)conduct的用法：派生词： conduction n. 传导，导电；输送，传播，引流 conductor n. 领导者，经理，乐队指挥，(电车或公共汽车) 售票员，列车员知识梳理:引导,带领He conducted the members of the audience to their seats.他引

7、观众到他们的座位上 指挥(军队,乐队等)Mr. Green will conduct the orchestra.格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。传导(热,电等)Most metals conduct electricity.大多数金属能导电。表现 conduct oneself well/badly He conducted himself well at yesterdays party.在昨天的会议上他表现很好(2)what electricity is一般现在时可以表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。表示格言或警句中。The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳

8、转。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证明地球是圆形的。3. Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.“Having realized that I could use a ki

9、te to attract lightning,”是现在分词的完成式作状语。现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中，表示这个动作在谓语所表示的动作之前完成。Having succeeded in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one. 在上一次考试中取得成功之后，他更加确信在即将到来的考试中获取成功。Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.找到了原因之后，他们提出了一个补救措施。Having fini

10、shed his homework, the boy went to play computer game.完成作业后，那个男孩去玩电脑游戏了。Not having made adequate preparations, they thought it better to postpone the meeting till next week.由于没有做充足的准备，他们认为最好把会议推迟到下周。attract的用法:派生词：(1) attraction n. 吸引，吸引力，吸引人的事物(2) attractive adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的(3) attractively adv. 动人地，

11、迷人地(4) attracting adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的(5) attracted adj. 被吸引的，被迷住的 The girl is attracting/attractive and do you feel attracted ?那个女孩很有魅力，你感觉被她吸引了吗？相关归纳：attract sbs attention 引起注意What he wore attracted peoples attention.他穿的衣服引起了人们的注意。4. The string was getting charged.charge 的用法 知识梳理:(1)充电Does your car batt

12、ery charge easily? 你的车电池充电容易吗?(2)索价 How much do you charge for your old car? 你的旧车要价多少?As long as youve paid in advance we wont charge you for delivery.只要你欲付款，我们就不收你送货费。(3)控诉 John was charged with murder. 约翰被控犯谋杀罪。相关归纳：(1) charge sb. some money for 为向某人索取收取多少钱They will charge at least $600 for moving

13、 the piano.搬运这架钢琴最少要花费600美圆。(2) charge sb with sth =accuse sb of sth控告某人犯了某罪The police charged the driver with careless driving.警察指控那个司机开车粗心。She charged me with neglecting my duty.她指控我玩忽职守。(3) at ones own charge(s) / expenses 自费，用自己的钱The trip is at their own charge.这次旅游由他们自费。(4) putdown to sbs charg

14、e 把记在某人账上You can put the books you choose down to my charge.你可以把你选择的书的费用记在我的账上。(5) free of charge =free =for nothing 免费All goods are delivered free of charge.所有的物品免费送货。(6) in charge （of sb./sth.） =in sb.s charge =under the charge of负责，经管，照顾This ward is in the charge of Dr. Smith.这间病房是由史密斯大夫负责的。He wa

15、s left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.经理不在时，他负责这个商店。(7) in the charge of sb 由某人负责，由某人照料管理The company is at the charge of Tom. 这家公司由汤姆负责。(8) take charge (of) 负责，照料，保管等；掌管，接办The department was badly organized until she took charge （of it）.这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。5. The experiment proves t

16、hat lightning and electricity are the same.prove的用法：派生词：proof n. 证据provable adj. 可证明的，可证实的 知识梳理：（1）vt. 证明，证实 prove sth. to sb. ; prove to sb. that 从句 I shall prove to you that the witness is not speaking the truth.我将向你证明，证人说的话不是真话。 The finger prints on the knife can prove him the murderer.Ill prove

17、to the world that he was right.我将向世人证明他是对的。The lawyer proved the innocence of his client.律师证实了他的当事人的清白。 （2）证明是，结果是（该意义是系动词后必须接to be+名词或形容词to be 可以省略）The task proved （to be） more difficult than wed thought.这项任务原来比我们预想的难得多。The rumor proved true.这谣传结果是真的。He proved a competent manager.他证明是一个能干的经理。My adv

18、ice proved to be wrong.我的意见证明是错的。6. You can control the kite.control的用法派生词：controlled adj. 受约束的克制的controller n. 管理员，控制器相关归纳： (1) under control 受控制The fire has been in control.大火已经得到了控制。(2) out of control 失控，不能操纵The plane got out of control and crashed into the sea.飞机失控,坠入大海。(3) lose control (of) 失去(

19、对的)控制You shouldnt have lost control of your temper on such an occasion.你不应该在这种场合发脾气。7. Are we allowed to use animals for such experiment?allow 的用法相关归纳：allow + n./pron./ doing sth.We dont allow smoking in the theater. 剧院不许吸烟。allow sb. to do sth.be allowed to do sth. Our teacher dont allow us to make

20、noise.老师不允许我们弄出声音。No student is allowed to leave his homework undone. 哪一个学生也不允许不做作业。注意：permit 与allow的区别：（1）两者均可表示“允许”，其区别是：permit 通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许，其语气较重；而 allow 通常指消极地不加反对，有时含有听任或默许之意，语气较轻。Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed. 一切都没明文规定可以做，但一切做了也无妨。The nurse allowed him to remain there，though

21、 it was not permitted. 护士让他留在那儿，而按规定那是不许可的。2. 从用法上看，两者后接动词作宾语时，均要用动名词形式，而不能用不定式。We dont allow /permit swimming in the pool. 我们不许在池子里游泳。但是若其后接有名词或代词，那么其后须接不定式。如：We dont allow /permit children to swim in the pool. 我们不许孩子们在池子里游泳。8. There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel.doubt 的用法

22、派生词：(1) doubtful adj. 怀疑的，疑心的；不能确定的，可疑的(2) doubtfully adv. 怀疑地，含糊地(3) doubtless adj. 无疑的，确定的相关归纳：(1) beyond / past (all) doubt (常作插入语)毫无疑问She was beyond all doubt the finest ballerina of her day.她无疑是她那个时代最优秀的芭蕾舞演员。(2) cast / throw doubt on. 对产生怀疑，使人对产生怀疑The new problem cast doubt on the theory.新的问题使

23、人们对这个理论产生了怀疑。(3) hang in doubt=be in the air 悬而未决, 还不能确定Their acceptance of the contract still hang in doubt.他们是否接受那合同还说不准。(4) in doubt 感到怀疑，拿不准；被怀疑，悬而未决Their acceptance of the contract is still in doubt.他们是否接受那合同还说不准。(5) there is no doubt that从句无疑地，很可能There is no doubt that he is hard to deal with.

24、毫无置疑他很难对付。(6) without (a) doubt 毫无疑问地，确实地He is without doubt the cleverest student Ive taught.(7) no doubt 无疑地No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way.他确实是想帮忙，然而事实上他只是帮倒忙。他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。注意：doubt在疑问句和否定句中后接that 引导的从句；在肯定句中如果后接宾语从句可用whether/if 引导，如果后接表语、同位语从句时只用that引导从句。There i

25、s no doubt that he will pass the exam.毫无疑问他会通过考试的。Do you doubt that he will come on time?你确信他会准时来吗？9.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.把手帕四角与龙骨端头绑牢，就可以成为很好的结实的风筝了。.祈使句+and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构在这种句子结构中，用and, then表示递进关系，“那么”的意思；用or或

26、otherwise表示转折关系，“否则”的意思。祈使句表示条件可以转换为条件状语从句，陈述句表示结果，有时候祈使句中的动词可省略。Work harder, and youll find it not difficult to learn. 再用功一点，你就会发现它不难写。 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快一点，否则你会迟到。 More effort, and you can finish it in time.再加把劲，你会按时完成它。10. get +过去分词（1）具有被动意义，多用来表示主语遭受某种损失、伤害，或者不能提供具体的动作发出者。The boy g

27、ot lost in the forest.小男孩在森林中迷路了。I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday.我昨天堵车了。Her son got killed in the war.她的儿子在战争中阵亡了。 My bike got stolen the other day.我的自行车几天前被头偷了。（2）无被动意义，表示使自己处于某状态或情况He got dressed quickly.他快速地穿好衣服。Hearing the news, we got excited.听到这个消息，我们兴奋起来。They plan to get married in

28、the summer.他们计划在夏天结婚。I hope youre not getting bored by my conversation.但愿我的话没让你厌烦。注意：get的其他结构：（1）get doing做起某事来，开始做起某事来We got talking.我们谈起话来。We got chatting and discovered wed been at college together.我们聊起天来才发现我们原来是校友。You have an hour to clean the whole house-so get scrubbing.你只有一个小时来打扫整个房子-快开始擦洗吧。（

29、2）get （sb./sth.） doing 使某人做起某事来，使某物进入（状态）With the help of engineer, we soon got the machine going well.在工程师的帮助下，我们很快使机器顺利地运转起来。 Ill soon get the clock going.我很快就会让钟走起来。（3）get sb. to do sth.使/让某人去做某事I got him to see a doctor.我劝他去看医生了Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.（4）get sth. done =

30、have sth. done 表示遭遇或请人做某事She got her finger caught in the door.她的手指让门给夹了。 He got his wrist broken.他扭伤了手腕。 Ill get my watch repaired this afternoon.今天下午我要去修表。概念提示重点/热点1：Having realized that I could use a kite to attract Iightning , I decided to do an experiment.该句中的having realized是v-ing形式的完成式在句中作状语。having done表示非谓语动词的动作先于渭语动词的动作，并且非谓语与句子主语之间存在着主动关系；having been done表示非谓语动词的动作先于渭语动词的动作，并且非谓语与句子主语之间存在着被动关系。其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play football for a while. 做完了作业他决定去踢一会儿球。Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldnt go home. 还没有打扫完教室，他