完整初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案.docx

1、完整初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题带答案初中英语主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三 原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形 式，谓语也用复数形式。Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形 式；或主语形式上为复数 ,但表示单数意义，这是谓语

2、动词用单数形式。My family is having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。My family has moved three times.我们家搬过 3 次。3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主 语。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk课. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型1.单数名词 （代词），

3、不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词 （代词） 作主语，谓语用复数形式。The desk is Tom 这s张. 桌子是汤姆的。Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2.many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为 “许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai.许 多学生到过上海。3.more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More than one s

4、tudent has ever been to Beijing.不 止一个学生曾经去过北京。4.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时， 这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn t so h e2a0v英y. 镑并不太重。Ten miles isn t a long distanc英e. 里10并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5 减 4 等于 1。 但是，如果时间，距离，价格，度量衡的服饰名词与 pass,go

5、 by ,waste,use,spend 等词连用时，谓语动词用复数，如：Five years has passed since I joined the Part我y.入党 5 年了。5.主语是 each/every+单数名词 +and（each/every）+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat每. 个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。6.one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half h

6、ours is enough.一 个半小时足够了。7.一个动词不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To see is to believe. 眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。两个动词不定式，动名词，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。What he says and what he does do not agre他e.言行不一。Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his great pleasure夏. 游泳，冬滑雪 是他最

7、大的乐趣。8.a/an+单数名词 +or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。比较：one or two +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用用复数。One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoo昨n.天下午有一两个学 生在种树。9.当主语部分含有 with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as,including,besides, except, but, in addit

8、ion to，like,rather than 等介词或介词短语时， 谓语动词的单复数形式通常由句首主语来决定， 在这样的句子里， 这些词所引导 的词组不影响主语自身的单复数形式，它们在句子中其实是状语。Mike with his parents has been to England. 迈克同他的父母去过英格兰。Mikes parents with Mike has been to England. 迈克父母同迈克去过英格兰。10.由 and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但是（1）如果 and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用 单数。这时，名词虽由 an

9、d 连接，但只有一个限定词： a/the+单数名词 +and+单数 名词，指的是同一个人或物， 两个限定词： a/the+单数名词 +and a/the+单数名词， 指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师来了。 （作家和教师指同一个人 ）The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。 （ 作家和老师是两个人 ）（2）两个单数名词用 and 连接表示不可分割的整体做主语时，位于用单数， 如：Bread and butter is their daily food面. 包和黄油是他们的日常食物。

10、 这类词常见有：war and peace iron and steeltruth and honesty a knife and fork（ 3）在 each.and each,every .and every,no .and no,many a .and man等y aand 链接并列单数主语的结构中，谓语动词用单数。Every man and every woman has work每. 个男人和女人都有工作。No sound and no voiceis heard for a long while.很长时间没有听到一点儿声音。11.people, police等集体名词作主语， 谓语

11、动词用复数形式， family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具 体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。His family isn t la他rg家e.的 人不多。My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。12.不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one

12、, nothing 作主语，谓语动词用单数。Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in. 没有人在家。13.each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。14.以 s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如 news, math

13、s, physics等，No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。15.由 both and连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or, either or，neither nor n,ot only but also no,t but 连,接两个名 词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。Either my wife or I am going.Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.Not on

14、ly you but also he is ready to leave.如果 either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very interesting.16.如果主语是由 “as eries of, a kind of, a portion of等+名词 ”构成时，动词一般 用单数形式。A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.但 a

15、 variety of, a number of, a group of +名词复数，动词要用复数形式 ; 而 the number of/the variety of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight hundred17.以 here，there 开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近 的主语一致。There is a book and three pens on the desk

16、.Here are some books and paper for you.18.the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数 形式。The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。19.one and a half+复数名词 作主语时，其谓语用单数形式One and a half bananas is left on table桌. 子上还有一根半香蕉。20.what引导的主语从句，当它表示复数意义时，位于动词用复数。What he wanted ar

17、e some books他. 想要的只是几本书。21.两个形容词共同修饰一个单数名词，若两个形容词都带有冠词，作主语时， 谓语用复数；若只有一个冠词是，表示一个人或物，谓语动词用单数。The red and the white coat are mine.The black and white cow is mine.22.由两部分构成的物体： shoes，glasses，trousers， gloves，scissors 等复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。His black trousers are too long他. 的那条黑色裤子太长了。 但是，若这类名词与 a pair连用时，谓语动词

18、一般用单数。There is a pair of glasses on your bed你. 的床上有衣服眼镜。23.a kind of ，this kind of ,many kinds of+名词 和名词+of this kind 以及由 kind 意思相似的 type,sort 等构成的的类似的短语作主语时，谓语动词与 of 前面的名 词保持一致，如：A new type of machine is on sale now.Machines of this new type are made in Zhejiang.This kind of apples is highly priced

19、. 注意：如果种类不是一种而是多种，谓语动词应为复数There are many kinds of pearsin shops.24.主语由肯定及否定两部分构成时，谓语和肯定部分一致。Not you but I am to answer for it.三、肯定与否定一致下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化Weve had some (money). I was talking to someone. We havent had any (money). I wasnt talking to anyone.They sometimes visit us. They rarel

20、y (never, seldom) visit us.He has arrived already. He hasnt arrived yet.Li is coming too. Li isnt coming either.Both of us are going. Neither of us is going.He likes both of them. He doesnt like either of them.注意： so/neither+助动词 +名词 /代词结构中须用倒装语序My wife likes classic music very much and so do I. She

21、doesnt like jazz and neither do I.主谓一致专项练习题1.Either Jane or Steven watching TV now.A.were B. is C. was D. are2.Two days enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A.isn tB. is C. aren tD. are3. How many lessons do you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then 45 minutes.A. la

22、st B. lasts C. have D. are4.Neither Li Ping nor I a basketball player.A. am B. is C. be D. are5.There many new words in lesson one, It is very easy.A. is B. aren tC. isn tD. are6.The number of the students in our school 1200.A. is B. are C. has D. have7.Maths my favorite subject.A. be B. is C. am D.

23、 are8.The boy with the two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping9.Every one except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. were D. was10.That place is not interesting at all, of us wants to go there.A. Neither B. Bo

24、th C. All D. Some11.Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is12. What s on the plate? Some eggs and cakes on it? There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were13.This pair of glasses mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will be14.Both Lily and Lucy to the party yesterday.A. i

25、nvited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited15. Two months quite a long time. Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16.In the city the old .A. take good care of B. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of17.His fa

26、mily all very kind and friendly, His family a happy one.A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are18.The singer and the dancer come to Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is19.The children in this class each new school bag.A. have B. has C. has got D. are having20.All but one here just now.A. is B. wa

27、s C. has been D. were21.If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, .A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither22.I havent finished my homework yet. .A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasnt either23.“ Im going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomor

28、row. ” “ A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go24.You as well as he to blame责（ 备） for the accident （交通事故 ）.A. are B. is C. have D. has25.Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing Englishsongs.A. has been B. is C. are D. am主谓一致练习题参考答案(1).B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5). B (6). A

29、(7). B (8). C (9). D (10).A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14) D . (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D 主谓一致练习题 2 . 从所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。( )1. Collecting stamps my hobby.A. is B. are C. has D. have( )2. The lady with her little son walking along the lake now.A. is B. ar

30、e C. was D. were( )3. Both of the twin girls wearing red clothes today.A. is B. are C. want D. wants( )4. Each of the students a Walkman.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are( )5. All of my money stolen last night.A. is B. was C. has D. have( )6. The police for the robbers now.A. is searching B. a

31、re searchingC. is searched D. are searched( )7. Half of the students from abroad.A. is B. are C. comes D. has come( )8. Two kilometers a long way. You d better take a taxi.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )9. Most of the country grassland.A. there are B. there is C. are D. is( )10. What I have told you a secret. Please don t tell others.A. are B. is C. keep D. keeps( )11. Not only you but also he the exam.A. was passed B. has passedC. had passed D. is passed( )12. This pair of glasses me w