1、考研英语完形填空之答案详解2008年考研英语真题完型填空Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not
2、 speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first su
3、ggested.5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particul
4、ar people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scienti
5、sts,13 hey also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 ave previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 ucation. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 genetic isolatio
6、n. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18 is argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 em to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 ate of affairs.1. A selected B prepared C obliged D pleased2. A unique B particular C special D
7、 rare3. A of B with C in D against4. A subsequently B presently C previously D lately5. A Only B So C Even D Hence6. A thought B sight C cost D risk7. A advises B suggests C protests D objects8. A progress B fact C need D question9. A attaining B scoring C reaching D calculating10. A normal B common
8、 C mean D total11. A unconsciously B disproportionatelyC indefinitely D unaccountably12. A missions B fortunes C interests D careers13. A affirm B witness C observe D approve14. A moreover B therefore C however D meanwhile15. A given up B got over C carried on D put down16. A assessing B supervising
9、 C administering D valuing17. A development B origin C consequence D instrument18. A linked B integrated C woven D combined19. A limited B subjected C converted D directed20. A paradoxical B incompatible C inevitable D continuous1、答案:B解析:本题测试语义逻辑衔接。 “ selected” 意为 “挑选”; “prepared”意为 “准备”; “obliged”意
10、为“迫使,责成”;“pleased”意为“高兴地,满足地”, 前一句“人们不敢说”,本句中由“but ”一词可推出意思与上句相反,即“Cochran 准备说”, 所以选B. 2、答案:D解析:本题测试词义辨析 。“unique”意为“唯一的, 独特的”;“particular”意为“特殊的, 独特的”;“special”意为“特别的, 特殊的”;“rare”意为“稀罕的,珍贵的”,rare bird 意为“稀有的人”,空格相关意思是“只有Cochra准备说”, 而且 “rare bird” 是固定搭配,所以选D3、答案:A解析:本题测试介词的语意搭配, independently of 意为“
11、不依赖于, 独立”,所以选A4、答案:C解析:本题测试词义辨析。由“actually”推出本句是对现在和以前对疾病看法的对比,所以选C5、答案:C解析:本题测试副词的用法及语段的连贯性。Even 做程度副词,表示递进关系,意为“即使他自己也”.所以选C6、答案:A解析:本题测试词义搭配。空格相关意思是“一想到他即将要做的,即使他自己也.” “At thought of ”意为“一看到”; at sight of意为年“一看见”;at cost of 意为“以的代价”;at risk of意为“冒着.的危险”,所以选A 7、答案:B解析:本题测试动词辨析。advice意为 “建议”; sugge
12、st意为“建议,提出”; protest“主张,断言”; object“反对”,此句指“在论文中, 他建议”,所以选B8、答案:D解析:本题测试词组搭配,in progress 意为“进行中”;in fact 意为“事实上”; in need意为“在危难中”; in question 意为“正在被讨论的”,前一句正在谈论 “ group群体” ,本句衔接上一句表达“正在被讨论的这个群体”,所以选D9. 答案:B解析:本题考查动词辨析。从该句中的12-15 points 可知,前面的动词是与分数相关的。score的意思是得分,打分,而其他三项没有这层意思。故答案为B。10. 答案:C解析:本题考
13、查形容词辨析。文中提到这组人IQ测试得分比100分高12-15分,按照常识,100分是平均分,mean的意思是平均的。所以答案为C。11. 答案:B解析:本题考查上下文的逻辑关系和副词辨析。disproportionately的意思是不成比例地,不相称地,比例太大(或太小的)。这句话要传达的意思是这组人做贡献的比例非常大,故答案选B。12. 答案:D解析:本题考查上下文的逻辑关系和名词辨析。as引导的状语从句用一些精英(包括科学家)的职业证明前面提到的这组人所做的贡献非常大,career的意思是职业,事业,符合此意,故选D。13. 答案:A解析:本题考查动词辨析。选项Aaffirm意为确认,肯
14、定,符合题意。而Bwitness常用作及物动词,表示见证,表明;Cobserve, 表示观察,评论,以人作主语;D意思为批准,通过的意思,也是人作主语。故答案为A。14. 答案:C解析:本题考查逻辑关系。前文同时叙述了关于这组人的两种现象,这两种现象明显是有关联的,但是这句话说到先前人们认为两者没有关系,上下文构成转折关系,故选C。15. 答案:D解析:本题考查固定搭配。get down to的意思是归因于,符合句意。而give up to的意思是让给,get over to的意思是让某人明白某事,carry on的意思是继续开展,坚持,均不合题意。故答案为D。16. 答案:D解析:本题考查动
15、词辨析。此处要传达的意思是重视教育的传统,只有Dvaluing符合题意。17. 答案:C解析:本题考查名词辨析。此句的意思是后者是由genetic isolation导致的结果,consequence的意思是结果,后果,故答案为C。18. 答案:A解析:本题考查动词辨析。此句Dr. Cochran的观点是这两者是密切关联的。link表示两者之间的关联或联系;integrate表示两者结合为一个整体;wave表示两者交织在一起;combine表示两者结合。只有link符合题意。故选A。19. 答案:B解析:本题考查动词辨析。subject to意为使经受或遭受;limit to表示限制;conv
16、ert to表示转变;direct to表示指向。本句的意思是说这些人不同寻常的历史使他们经受了独特的进化压力,只有B符合题意。20. 答案:A解析:本题考查形容词辨析。此处要传达的意思是独特的进化压力导致了这种似乎矛盾的状况。paradoxical 表示似乎矛盾的,似是而非的;incompatible表示不兼容的,不协调的;inevitable表示不可避免的;continuous表示连续的。只有A符合题意。13年考研英语熟词偏义词汇大全考研英语词汇中,有这样一类词,虽然很眼熟,但是在句子中的意思却不是自己熟悉的,这类词汇被成为“熟词偏义”。通常情况下,这类词汇是很让人头疼的,那么在2010年
17、考研英语复习中,考研教育网辅导专家建议广大考生可以把这类词单独拿出来,熟练记忆其不常见的用法。embrace 包括;接受, 信奉;拥抱preferred 有优先权的exceptional 特殊的;例外的prejudice 损害;偏见dormant 暂停活动的;潜在的;睡着的serve有作用act法案;(戏剧的)一幕govern适用于,管理term条款,术语;学期personality人物,名人;个性,人格fine细微的secure获得,得到;a。安全的rather恰恰相反;相当knowledge知道;知识aggressive有进取心的,大胆的;侵犯的reasoning推理interpret解释
18、,口译assume假设,承担,采用mental心理的,精神的,智力的account描述;叙述coverage新闻报道,覆盖launch发起,开展,发射grant授予,同意,准予line思路engage 雇用,使参与dictate 命令,口授,听写render 使得;给予;翻译discipline 训练,学科;纪律acute 敏锐的;(病)急性的fair 集市,交易会,博览会virtually 几乎,实际上authority 当局import 意义,重要性,含义;进口,输入implication 含义,暗示passage 通过;段落otherwise 在其他方面,否则diversion 消遣,转
19、移harsh 严酷的,严厉的;难听的frontier 前沿,新领域;边境settlement 定居地,解决convention 习俗;大会,会议;公约abuse 滥用;虐待;谩骂perceptual 感知的,知觉的perception 感知,察觉;理解radically 根本地,极端地,激进地group 分组,分类late 已故的;迟的,晚的close 完成ground 理由,根据latitude (言语、行动等的)回旋余地,自由;纬度conduct 指挥,管理;行为favorable 有利的,顺利的,赞许的bid 企图,努力contention 争夺,竞争;争吵;争辩,论点establish
20、 确定;建立,确立conclusive 有说服力的,确定性的;决定性的fashion 方式;流行式样blunt 直率的;钝的trial审判;试验dramatize 使引人注目,使戏剧化,生动地表达plague 令人烦恼的事;瘟疫,灾害discern 区别,识别;理解span 横跨,跨越;持续,包括;n。一段时间;跨度population (某地或某类)物品的总数,种群;人口slip 滑倒;n。疏忽,小错liability 责任,义务;债务复数claim 索赔;声称,主张tap 开发,利用betray 背叛,出卖;暴露highlight 强调,突出acquisition 获得,学会panel 专
21、门小组appeal to 呼吁;吸引;上诉impose 强加,征(税)entrance 进入,入口(动词enter)referee 审阅;仲裁(动词refer参考)alien 不相容的,陌生的,外国的might 力量,威力(形容词mighty 强有力的)lateral 平级的;侧面的cover 掩饰,盖住exit 辞职;出口term 把称为,把叫做preach 竭力鼓吹,宣讲,讲道publicize 宣传,公布build-up 积聚,增长juggle 尽力对付(文中指同时做几件事情),使保持平衡;玩杂耍well-established 固定下来的;得到确认的redundancy 裁员;多余(形
22、容词redundant多余的)address 向作正式讲话,对发表演讲version 版本;说法fraction 小部分,片断,分数disregard 不理会,漠视(反义词regard认为)suspend 暂停,中止;悬,挂muted温和的,趋缓的;缄默的,无言的swing 摇摆;秋千(同义词fluctuation波动)emerging 新兴的implication 含义,暗示(动词imply)rule 裁决,裁定prescribe 开(药);规定(prescription处方)fuel 激起,刺激;n. 燃料aggressive 大胆的;侵略性的intelligence 情报,智力, 才智
23、(形容词intelligent)margin 差额,余地,边缘,页边空白(形容词marginal 微小的,少量的,不重要的)immunization 免疫;不受影响(动词immunize)ultimate 最终的,根本的freight 货物,运费appeal 申诉,上诉;吸引discrimination 歧视;区别(动词discriminate)subscribe 同意,赞成;订购,订阅apprehensive 忧虑的,担心的(动词apprehend理解)depression 抑郁,消沉;萧条(动词 depress )opening 空缺职位(同义词vacancy)predecessor前辈,
24、前任,前身literally 简直,照字面地temper 调和,使缓和;脾气exploitation 剥削,利用;开发(动词exploit)assumption 假设,假定;担任,承担(动词assume)preserve 独占的领域(活动范围或地区);动植物保护区;保存parallel 类似的事物;平行线enlist 征募;赢得(帮助或支持)critical 关键性的;批评的fashion 制定,形成,改革involve 包含,牵涉,使参与altogether完全;总计worthy 优秀的;值得的game 猎物;游戏,比赛fishery 渔场;渔业figure 数字;体型;图画vessel 船;容器stock 种类;库存current 流行的;流通的,当前的anchor 主播,主持人;锚multiply 乘;大量增加,繁殖note 指出;记录harsh 严酷的;刺耳的odds 可能性,机会;冲突exercise 履行(职责等),实行,执行;运用,发挥;锻炼,练习fallout 附带结果,余波;放射性坠尘peer (into)检查;窥视dim 迟钝的,愚蠢的;暗淡的来源:新浪网
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