原创江苏08高考英语任务型阅读练习十二篇.docx

1、原创江苏08高考英语任务型阅读练习十二篇 原创江苏08高考英语任务型阅读练习十二篇 （一）At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very

2、different 100 years ago.In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and

3、children.Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where

4、 men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were s

5、uddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes

6、 and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these war widows had to go to work outside their home.During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual fo

7、r a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the stru

8、cture of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replac

9、ed the traditional family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.The Changes of the American FamilyMain comparisonsContextsDifferent_1_There were two _2_ types of families in the past, _3_, the extended

10、and the nuclear.Nowadays _4_types of families can be seen than before.Changes in different _5_.In the 1900s and 1940sMany of the women had to work outside due to the _6_of money., thus causing the fall of _7_and the rise of divorce rate.In the 1950sDivorce rate slided and there were more children .

11、The families tended to be _8_ again.In the years between 1960s and 1990sDifferent types of familes_9_. Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America.A trend worth notingAuthors opinion on changesThe present structure is _10_; it will experience changes again in the near future. 1. k

12、inds/ types 2. main 3. namely 4. more 5.periods 6. lack 7. birthrate 8. fewer 9. occurred 10. temporary （二）The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of rational accomplishment and cruel competition, and the private female and

13、child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere i

14、s much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms. Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and

15、when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated infor

16、mation into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters. So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in

17、the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesnt allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see whats coming up. We may think were giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about de

18、ath, disaster and adult mistakes. Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children h

19、earing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street. More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places

20、 families under a lot of stress. How Television Changes Childhood?Main comparisonsContextsDistance between _1_and the outside.Homes used to be isolated from the _2_realm.Homes nowadays are _3_to the outside world. Media through which children can obtain informationIn the past, children might learn _

21、4_about the outside world with the help of parents and _5_.More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the _6_ between adult world and the child world._7_ of the information children getTraditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their

22、age, carefully_8_by their parents.Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _ life.Effects on family educationParental instructionFamilies are now under greater stress than before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new _10_.1. Homes 2. public 3.conne

23、cted 4.indirectly 5.books 6.difference 7. Content 8. decided/ chosen 9.adult 10. challenges （三）Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do

24、you agree or disagree with the above opinion?In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned. Modern people act selfishly to survi

25、ve the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even

26、at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences. In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly

27、invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts. Are we happier

28、 to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the developm

29、ent of a mutually beneficial relationship. In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with

30、others. Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?Main comparisonsContexts _1_ are changingIn the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first _2_.Nowadays, people seem to be more _3_about themselves._4_are changing too.People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).Peo

31、ple may strive to achieve their own _5_ at the price of their coworkers.The authors understanding_6_ for the changes in authors eyesFierce _7_ and great _8_on modern people may be responsible for the changes.The authors _9_towards topicA relationship which can _10_ two sides should be established. 1

32、.Values 2. place 3. concerned 4. Behaviors 5. goals 6. Reasons 7. competition 8. pressure 9. attitudes 10. benefit （四）Traditionally, customers may consider more about what they buy the product for. However, the image of product and the consuming circumstance have become the key points to attract customer awareness and stimulate their buying needs. Frequently, customers buy goods just because they ar