选修7基础知识.docx

1、选修7基础知识I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all/ first of all 词形变化1. disability n.无能；残疾disabled adj.伤残的able adj.能干的；能够的2. ambition n.野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的3.beneficial adj.有益的benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处4. independent adj.独立的independence n.独立depend v.依靠，依赖5.e

2、ncouragement n.鼓励encourage v.鼓励courage n.勇气，精神重点单词1. ambition (n.) 雄心2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的 3. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编 4. conduct (n.) 行为 (v.) 指挥 5. resign (v.) 辞职6. companion (n.) 同伴7. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性8. suitable adj.适合的, 适当的;9. annoy vt. 使生气，使烦恼; 招惹; 妨碍10. adequate adj.适当的, 足够的重点词组in other wo

3、rds 换句话说 cut out 切掉,删掉 out of breath 上气不接下气sit around 闲坐着 make fun of 取笑 all the best一切顺利 as well as 也, 又; 和一样好重点句型1. She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps(800 metres) this year.2. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not

4、make me annoyed, and I just ignore them.3. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.4. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.all in all总而言之in all总共at all根本after all毕竟；别忘了（放句首时）above all最重要, 首先first

5、of all首先【练习】选择all in all/ in all/ at all/ after all/ above all或first of all并用其适当的形式填空1) Dont blame him too much. _, he is a small child. 2) According to the survey, _ there are nearly one million people in this small city out of work during the economic crisis.3) I am glad to join you in this game,

6、but _ please allow me to introduce myself to you.4) The parents didnt worry about their daughter _, for they believed she could succeed in getting the first prize.5) When traveling abroad, _, you need to prepare your passport.6) There are many beautiful sentences in your article and its handwriting

7、is good too. _, Im quite satisfied with it.Keys: 1) After all 2) in all 3) first of all 4) at all 5) above all 6) All in all1. disability n.无能；残疾disabled adj.伤残的able adj.能干的；能够的2. ambition n.野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的3.beneficial adj.有益的benefit v.&n.受益；利益，好处4. independent adj.独立的independence n.独立

8、depend v.依靠，依赖5.encouragement n.鼓励encourage v.鼓励courage n.勇气，精神【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)The _ girl swims well in spite of her _.(disable) 2) Robert is a very _ man and one of his _ is to travel in Antarctica. (ambition)3) If you want to be a _, you should work hard at _ and care for _ situations.

9、 (politics)4) It is known to all that fresh air is _ to our health and the new park _ us all, so we should keep it clean.(benefit)5) The boy who used to _on his parents now wants the _ from them and is learning to be _.(depend)6) Praise acts as an _ to the players, and therefore they will feel _ and

10、 get the _to continue and improve their performance.(encourage)7) My brother _ from a well-known American university. My parents attended his _ ceremony yesterday.(graduate) 8) When someone _ others on their success, he or she usually says “_”.(congratulate)9) This concert was _ by a famous _ from V

11、ienna. (conduct) keys:1) disabled; disabilities 2) ambitious; ambitions 3) politician; politics; political 4) beneficial; benefits 5) depend; independence; independent 6) encouragement; encouraged; courage 7) graduated; graduation 8) congratulates; congratulations 9) conducted; conductor1.beneficial

12、 (adj.) 有益的 重点用法benefit v. &n.有助于；受益；利益，好处be beneficial to sth./sb.对有益be of benefit to对有益for the benefit of为了(的利益)benefit from从中受益2. adapt (v.) 使适应;改编重点用法adapt (oneself) to sth.适应某物adaptto使适应adapt sth. for sth. from sth.根据某事将改编成be adapted from 由改编3. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性重点用法accessible adj. 易接近的,

13、 可到达的, accessible to(prep.)典例1) Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village.落石阻断了通往村庄的唯一通道。2) Every student has free access to the library.每位学生都可自由利用图书馆。3) A place accessible to the public公众可以进入的地方练习 汉译英1) 所有的公交将会供健康和残疾人使用。_2）这是解决问题的最容易的方法。._Keys: 1) All the public transport will be accessib

14、le to both ordinary people and the disabled. 2) Here is the easiest access to the problem.4. as well as 也, 又; 和一样好(可连接并列的名词,代词,形容词,动词,介词短语等;注意:连接两谓语时,两动词的时态要保持一致)短语归纳as good as和.一样好as well也, 又(常做状语), 相当于too; also典例1) She can sing as well as her sister.她唱得和她姐姐一样好。2) He directed as well as act in the

15、film.他导演了这部影片并且在里边扮演了角色。3) I am going to study abroad and my brother is going as well.我要到国外留学，我弟弟也要去。4) His story is as good as a play.他的故事很有趣。练习 汉译英1) 她既擅长数学又擅长英语。_2) 海伦和我一样都渴望参加晚会。_1) 她的钢琴弹得和你一样好。_Keys: 1) She is good at math as well as English. 2) Helen as well as I is eager to take part in the e

16、vening party. 3) She plays the piano as well as you.Unit 2 Robots单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/long for2.assess/access 3.victory/success/conquest/triumph词形变化1. satisfaction n.满意satisfy v.使满意satisfying adj.令人满足的satisfied adj.感到满意的2. alarmed adj.感到惊吓的alarm v.&n. n.警报vt.

17、恐吓, 警告3.declare v.断言，宣称declaration n.宣布，宣言，声明重点单词1. desire n.渴望 vt.想要2. satisfaction n.满意3. alarm n.警报 vt.使惊恐4. sympathy n.同情5. accompany vt.陪伴6. declare vt.宣布7. envy vt.嫉妒8. junior adj.较年幼的9. divorce n.离婚 vt.与离婚重点词组test out 考验 ring up 打电话给 turn around 转向leavealone 不打扰 set aside 将放在一边 be bound to 一定

18、做 重点句型1. Claire didnt want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.3. Asimov began having stories published in science fic

19、tion magazines in 1939.重点语法复习被动语态（包括动词不定式）（I）(见语法专题)1). desire/wish/hope/expect/want/long for【解释】desire属正式用语, 可代替wish 和want, 强调“主观愿望的热切性”, 含有“强烈希望做某事”的意思,wish语气比desire弱, 一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”hope表示实现的可能性较大的希望expect侧重“期待，预期，指望”want多用于口语式普通场合, 指“想”、“要”或“需要”, 表示“偏爱、选择”或“需要、热爱”long for表“希望，渴

20、望”【练习】选择desire/wish/hope/expect/want或long for并用其适当的形式填空1) I _ I could have a new car. 2) I _ a dictionary at the present time.3) He managed to get the book he _ finally. 4) I _ an immediate answer of yours.5) personally, our city team has better players and I _them to win6) He has been working abroa

21、d for years, and is _ to come back and see his family very much.Keys: 1)wish 2) want 3) desired 4) desire/expect/want 5) expect 6)longing2). assess/access【解释】assess vt. 估定, 评定。access n. 通路, 访问, 入门【练习】选择assess或access，并用其适当的形式填空1) Damages in the great earthquake were _ at several hundred billion. 2) O

22、nly persons with a permit has _to the restricted area; Keys: 1) assessed 2) access1. satisfaction n.满意satisfy v.使满意satisfying adj.令人满足的satisfied adj.感到满意的2. alarmed adj.感到惊吓的alarm n.警报 vt. 恐吓, 警告3.declare v.断言，宣称declaration n.宣布，宣言，声明1. desire n.渴望 vt.想要重点用法desire sth.渴望得到某物desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事

23、desire that sb.(should) do要求have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事at ones desire照某人的希望典例1) We all desire happiness and health.我们都希望幸福健康。2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich.每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金钱。3) He desires you to go to see him at once.他要求你马上去见他。=he desires

24、 that you should go to see him at once.练习 汉译英1) 他想受到大学教育。_2) 他们要我快点回来。_3) 我请他立即回信。_4) 她要你立即见她。_5) 她应邀演奏了一曲。Keys: 1)He desired a college education. 2) They desire me to return soon. 3) I desire an immediate answer of his. 4) She desires that you (should) see her at once. 5)She played a piece at other

25、s desire/by desire.2turn around 转向 典例1) He heard a voice but when he turned around, he saw nobody.他听到声音，但转身却没发现有人。2) As he walked towards the hotel, he suddenly turned around and found an old lady following him.当他朝旅馆走去时，突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。短语归纳turn away把(脸)转过去turn against背叛,反抗turn on/off打开/关掉turn up出现/调大

26、(音量)turn down拒绝,调小(音量)turn out结果是;证明是;3.leavealone 不打扰短语归纳leave behind留下,遗留leave aside(把某事)搁置一边leave for出发前往leave out省去,遗漏,不考虑4. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当他转过身时，（她发现）Gladys站在那儿。解释 there stood Gladys Claffern倒装句。在谓语为动词go, come, run, stand, live等表示位置转移的动词及be动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词t

27、here, here, up, down, in, out, away等，可将副词置于句首，若这时主语是名词，句子用全倒装；若是代词，则不用倒装。典例1) There comes the teacher and her students.老师和她的学生们来了。2) Out rushed the boys.男孩们冲了出去。Unit 3 Under the SeaI单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.shore/seaside/beach/coast/bank 2.flee/escape 3. deep/deeply词形变化1. depth n. 深, 深度,deeply adv.深深地deep adj.& adv. 深的;深入地,2. conserve v. 保存, 保藏conservation v. 保存, 保持3.vivid adj. 生动的, 鲜明的, 活泼的vividly adv. 生动地, 鲜明地4. awesome adj. 引起敬畏的, 可怕的awe n. 敬畏awe vt.敬畏5.tasty adj. 好吃的, 可口的taste v.品尝; n味道, 味觉tasteless adj. 没味道的, 无鉴赏力的重点单词10. annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的/ n. 年刊；年鉴11.