英语英语阅读理解专项及解析.docx

1、英语英语阅读理解专项及解析【英语】英语阅读理解专项及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes. The Robot Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home t

2、o determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medica

3、tion or a snack in the kitchen.RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected, said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and

4、Computer Science. Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2

5、050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone. RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently

6、 published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently. While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising, Minor said. The next step in the res

7、earch will be to test RAS performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.（1）How does RAS serve elderly people? A.Through sensors.B.Through objects.C.Through a mobile robot.D.Through their daily activi

8、ties.（2）What can we know about RAS? A.It is the first robot used in daily life.B.Its function remains to be tested.C.It can locate people and do any task.D.It can cook for owners on its own.（3）Whats Minors attitude toward the future of RAS? A.Doubtful.B.Negative.C.Optimistic.D.Uncertain.（4）What can

9、be a suitable title for the text? A.Elderly people leave the nursing home.B.Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.C.RAS, the first robot to make home smart.D.Older adults have benefited from RAS.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。 （1）考查细节

10、理解。根据章第二段中的“ The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A。 （

11、2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS performance”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛

12、顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。再根据最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS performance ”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists (人类学家). Descriptio

13、ns like Palaeolithic (旧石器时代的) Man. Neolithic (新石器时代的) Man,etc. neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label Legless Man. Histories of the time will go something like this: in the twentieth cen

14、tury, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. And the surprising thing is that they didnt use their legs even when they went on holiday. The future history

15、books might also record that we were deprived (剥夺) of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a birds-eye view of the world. When you travel by car or train, an unclear picture of the countryside constantly smears

16、 the windows. Car drivers, especially, are mixed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says Ive been there. You mention the remotest, and someone is bound to say Ive been there-meaning, I drove through it at100 miles an h

17、our on the way to somewhere else. When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By trave

18、ling like this, you suspend all experience. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of h

19、is body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical tiredness. He knows that sound, satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travelers.（1）Anthropologists label man nowadays Legless Man because _. A.people prefer cars, buses and trainsB.people use their legs less and les

20、sC.lifts prevent people from walkingD.people travel without using legs（2）According to the passage, what might make people lose the right of using their eyes? A.the modern means of transportation.B.A birds-eye view of the world.C.The unclear sight from the vehicles.D.The fast-paced life style.（3）From

21、 the passage, we know traveling at high speeds means _. A.appreciating beautiful sceneryB.experiencing life skillsC.focusing on the next destinationD.feeling physical tiredness（4）What does the author intend to tell us? A.Modern transportation devices have replaced legs.B.Traveling makes the world a

22、small place.C.Humans history develops very fast.D.The best way to travel is on foot.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于种种现代化交通设施，人们不需用脚走路，甚至也不需要用眼看风景，出门就坐汽车、公交车、地铁、飞机 汽车、飞机速度飞快，外边的景物难以看清，最终导致人们忘记用脚、用眼，成为“无脚之人”，一切都经历不到。作者建议最佳的旅游方法是徒步经历现实。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“When the time comes for anthropologists

23、to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the labelLegless Man. Histories of the time will go something like this:in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts

24、 in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. And the surprising thing is that they didnt use their legs even when they went on holiday.可知，人类学家给人类贴上了“无腿人”的标签，因为人们使用腿越来越少了。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The future history books might also record that we were deprived (剥夺) of the use of our eyes. In

25、our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a birds-eye view of the world.” 可知，根据这篇文章，快节奏的生活方式会让人们失去使用眼睛的权利。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most

26、 of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place.”可知，我们知道高速旅行意味着关注下一个目的地。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experien

27、ces the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical tiredness. He knows that sound, satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travelers.”可知，旅行的最好方法是步行。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理

28、，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line.

29、 All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time. Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The cust

30、omers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should start here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored. If someone asked me, What is the most important rule to follow in America? I would reply without h

31、esitation. Wait your turn at all times. Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, its just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, wait your turn is more than just a guideline it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the w