人教版八年级下册英语第八单元知识点复习及练习.docx

1、人教版八年级下册英语第八单元知识点复习及练习一、基本自测:用本单元所学单词或短语恰当形式完毕短文。 Mike is a Chinese boy. He likes reading _1(science fiction)very much. When he reads it，he cant _2 (put it down)He has read it _3 (ever since)five years ago. He wants to be a writer when he _4(grow up)Last Friday night，he had a dream. In the dream he

2、_5(go abroad)by plane.Unluckily，the plane stopped working during the trip. The captain said to all the passengers，“_6(hurry up)，or you _7(lose ones life)” Mike flew into the sky with the power of a magic stick and landed safely. Then he found a big box. It was _8(full of)treasure，and the treasure _9

3、(belong to)him then. He was so happy that he woke up，and felt very tired.依照汉语意思完毕句子1我已经吃过早餐了。I_ already_ my breakfast.2她此前读过那本书。He _ _ that book before.3我朋友尚未离开。My friend_ _ yet. 4我还没有找到丢失钥匙。I_ _ the lost keys.5你决定要去哪里了吗？_ you _ where to go?二、知识梳理1、Have you read Little Women yet？ 你已经读过小妇人了吗？（1）本句时态是

4、当前完毕时，其构造为“助动词have/ has 动词过去分词”，表达相对于当前来说已经完毕动作对当前导致影响或成果。eg：I have watered the plants already. 我已经给那些植物浇了水。（2）yet为副词，意为“还；已经”，多用于否定句和疑问句，普通放在句末。not yet意思是“尚未；还没有”，它惯用于否定回答。 eg：I havent done it yet.我还没有做它呢。Have you read the new book that you bought yesterday？ 你已经读了你昨天买新书了吗？Not yet.还没有。2、put down 放下（

5、1）put down放下eg：Dont put up your hands. Please put them down. 你们不要举手，请放下。（2）cant put sth. down意为“对某物爱不释手”。eg：It is an interesting book and he cant put it down.它是一本有趣书，她对它爱不释手。（3）put down还意为“写下，记下”，等于write down。eg：Let me put down your telephone number.让我记下你电话号码。注意：put. down 为“动词副词”型短语，宾语若为代词，应放在put 与

6、down 中间。拓展：put有关短语：put away 收起来put off 推迟put on 穿上 put up 张贴3、hurry up赶紧；匆匆（做某事）eg： Hurry up， or you will be late.快点，否则你会迟到。 难点：与hurry有关短语：(1) hurry off/away意为“匆匆拜别”。eg：Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man. 赵教师匆匆赶去照看那个人。(2) hurry into意为“匆忙进入”。eg：Her parents are trying to hurry her into marria

7、ge.她父母设法催她快点结婚。(3) hurry out意为“匆忙出去”。eg：The man hurried out of the car before reporters could speak to him.记者们还将来得及与她交谈，这个男人就匆匆离开了汽车。(4) in a hurry意为“匆忙地”。eg：（乐山中考）He left home in a hurry and forgot to turn off the light this morning.今天上午她匆忙离开家，忘掉关灯了。4、The book report is due in two weeks.读书报告两周后必要交。

8、（1）due此处作形容词，“预期；预定；预测”，背面引出预期时间、地点等。eg：Her baby is due next month.她宝宝预测在下个月出生。Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12：30.咱们飞机预测于12：30降落在上海虹桥国际机场。拓展：be due to do sth.意为“预期做某事”eg：The meeting is due to start at 3：30.会议预定3:30开始。（2）in two weeks 意为“两周之后”。“in一段时间”表达“在后来”，惯用在普通将来时

9、句子中。对此提问用how soon。eg：He will be back in a week. 一周之后，她将回来。注意：“after一段时间”惯用在普通过去时句子中。eg：He got to Beijing after two hours. 她是两个小时后到达北京。5、lose ones life丧生lose ones life相称于动词die。life意为“性命”，属可数名词，在数上要与ones一致。 eg：The Greens lost their lives in the car accident. 格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。拓展：life泛指普通意义“生活”时，为不可数名词。eg

10、：Our life is getting better and better. 咱们生活变得越来越好。life表达某种方式“生活”时，惯用单数形式。eg：We are living a happy life. 咱们过着幸福生活。6、else /els/ adv. 此外，其她else为副词，惯用在who， whose， what等疑问代词及when， where等疑问副词之后；也放在以one， body， thing， place， where结尾复合不定代词/副词之后。eg：Would you like something else to drink？ 你还想喝点别什么吗？拓展：other为形

11、容词，意为“别；其她”，常放在名词之前作定语。也可用作代词，表达“其她人或物”。eg： Whats that in your other hand？ 你另一只手里拿着什么？ Other people may not think that way. 别人也许不那样想。7、One.the other. （两者中）一种另一种eg：I have two brothers. One is a doctor；the other is a teacher.我有两个哥哥。一种是医生，另一种是教师。拓展：some.the others用于三者或三者以上，意为“某些别的”eg：Boys are on the pl

12、ayground. Some are playing basketball，the others are playing football.男孩们在操场上。某些正在打篮球，别的正在踢足球。8、towards prep.朝；向；对着辨析for， to与towardsfor惯用在leave， start后，表达运动方向或目地。Theyll leave for Xian to travel.她们要去西安旅游。to置于go， come， return， move等词后，表达目地。When will you come to our school？你将什么时候来咱们学校？towards意为“朝；向”，只阐

13、明运动方向，无“到达”之意。She was walking towards the town.她正往镇上走去。例题：In a basketball match， players move _（朝，向） one end of the court while throwing the ball to each other.9、cant wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事eg：Bill couldnt wait to open his present. 比尔迫不及待地打开她礼物。拓展：(1) cant help doing sth.意为“情不自禁地做某事”。eg： He could no

14、t help laughing. 她忍不住笑了起来。(2) cant stand doing sth.意为“不能容忍做某事”。eg：I cant stand waiting for such a long time.我不能容忍等这样久。(3) cant stop doing sth. 意为“不能停止做某事”。eg：The boy couldnt stop crying when he heard the bad news.当她听到这个坏消息时，这个男孩不断地哭起来。10、make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事make 意为“使变得；促使；迫使”，是使役动词，常用构造：（1）make s

15、b. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。eg：The news made my father feel sad. 这个消息使我爸爸感到伤心。（2）make 名词/代词形容词，意为“使处在某种状态”。eg：He always makes us happy. 她总是使咱们高兴。（3）make 作动词，还可意为“制定；做”。eg：He can make a model plane. 她会做飞机模型。拓展：make有关短语：make money赚钱make the bed铺床，整顿床铺make a mistake出错误 make friends with与交朋友make a decision作出决定

16、make sure确信make fun of取笑11、come to逐渐；开始come to相称于begin/get to，背面跟动词原形，其后常跟动词有：like， understand， realize， see， know等。eg：I came to like her.我逐渐喜欢上她了。 I came to understand his love. 我开始理解她爱。拓展：come to do意为“来做（从事）某事”。eg：Excuse me，would you like to come to help me with my English？打扰了，你乐意来协助我学英语吗？We hope

17、youll come to do business with us.咱们但愿你们来与咱们做生意。12、ever since自从ever since相称于since， ever起强调作用，其后可接短语或句子。接句子时，从句用普通过去时，主句用当前完毕时。 eg：I havent heard from him ever since last year. 自去年以来我就未曾收到过她信。拓展：ever since 可单独使用，放于句末。eg：He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever since. 她在圣诞节生病了，此后就始终不适。13、辨析 such

18、 as与for examplesuchas列举整体之中某些同类人或事物作例。其后没有逗号，直接加所列举内容。forexample列举整体之中一种为例，在句子中多用作插入语，用逗号与其前内容隔开，位置可以在句首、句中或句末。拓展：like也惯用来表达举例，可与such as互换。但such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like互换。eg：Some warmblooded animals，like/such as the cat，the dog and the wolf，do not need to hibernate.某些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。He has several

19、such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 她有几本像字典、手册之类参照书。Tom， for example， is my good friend. 例如，汤姆是我好朋友。I have some good friends，such as Tom，Kate and Wang Bin. 我有某些好朋友，例如汤姆、凯特和王斌。例题：I have lots of hobbies， playing table tennis， playing football and playing basketball.A. such asB. namely

20、C. that is D. for example14、belong v.属于；归属eg：I used to belong to a youth club.我曾是一种青年俱乐部成员。 belong to意为“属于，为所拥有”。belong to不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。eg：The fantastic world surely belongsto young people and the future.这个神奇世界必定属于年轻人和将来。注意：belong to中to是介词，后接名词或人称代词宾格形式，不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格。eg：The bike belongs to m

21、y mother. 这辆自行车属于我妈妈。 This classroom belongs to us. 这间教室属于咱们。15、one another互相英语中表达“互相”词组有两个，即one another和each other。两者都是“互相，互相”之意，普通作宾语，不能作主语，可通用。eg：They looked at each other/one another. 她们彼此对视。拓展：each other和one another均有其所有格，即可在其后加“s”。eg：The students borrowed each others notes. 学生们互借笔记。例题：They put

22、 the food intobags.A. each other B. each others C. one others D. one another 注意：one after another是一种惯用短语，表达“一种接一种”。eg：They left the room one after another. 她们一种接一种地离开了这个房间。16、have/has been to 去过“have/has been to某地”意为“去过某地（已经回来）”，当表地点词为副词时，则省略to。eg：I have been to Beijing Zoo. 我去过北京动物园。He hasnt been t

23、here before. 她此前没去过那儿。拓展：“have/has gone to某地”意为“去某地了（尚未回来）”。eg：Where is Tom？ 汤姆在哪儿？ He has gone to the library.她去图书馆了。17、famous adj.知名；出名famous（well known），常用搭配：befamousas.作为出名BruceLeeisfamousasanactor.李小龙作为演员而出名。befamousfor.由于出名LangLangisfamousforplayingthepiano.郎朗由于弹钢琴出名。befamousin.在出名LiuQianisfam

24、ousinChinanow.刘谦当前在中华人民共和国很出名。befamousto为所熟知Theprogrammeisfamoustomanyyoungpeople.许近年轻人都熟悉这档节目。语法当前完毕时（一） 当前完毕时表达过去发生动作对当前导致影响或成果，也可以表达从过去某一时间开始，始终持续到当前动作或状态。常与already（已经），just（刚刚），ever（曾经），never（从不），before（此前），yet（依然）等连用。（1）当前完毕时构造必定句主语have/has动词过去分词其她.eg:Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework. 我已经完毕了我作业。否

25、定句主语have/hasnot动词过去分词其她.eg:Ihavenotheardfromhimyet. 我还没收到她来信。普通疑问句和简略回答Have/Has主语动词过去分词其她？Yes，主语have/has.No，主语have/hasnot.Eg:HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing？你曾去过北京吗？Yes，Ihave.是，我去过。/No，Ihavent.不，我没去过。（2）already与yet在当前完毕时中用法alreadyadv.已经；早已通惯用于必定句中，普通用于have/has后，实义动词前，也有放在句尾状况。Ihavealreadyhadbreakfast.我已经吃过

26、早饭了。yetadv.还；已经用于否定句和疑问句中，普通用在句末。Ihaventdonemyhomeworkyet.我还没有做作业。例题：Has your sister finished reading ？Yes. She has finished it.A. yet； yetB. yet； alreadyC. already； yet（3）普通过去时与当前完毕时区别1、普通过去时表达过去某时发生动作或单纯论述过去事情。当前完毕时强调过去动作对当前导致影响或成果。eg： I saw this film yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。I have seen this film. 这部

27、电影我已经看过了。2、普通过去时常与详细表达过去时间状语（如：yesterday， last week， three days ago， in 1990等）连用；当前完毕时不与表达明确过去时间状语连用，但可以与in the past.years/weeks， so far等时间状语连用。eg：Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.昨晚汤姆给她父母写了一封信。The weather has been so hot so far this summer.到当前为止，今年夏每天气始终很热。三、典例精析 Hurry up！ The movie wil

28、l begin 10 minutes. A.over B. in C. for D. at【点拨】本题用语法鉴定法。句意：赶紧！电影将会在10分钟之后开始。“in一段时间”表达“一段时间后来”。The meeting is on the 22nd.it in your diary.A. Cut；down B. Look；down C. Turn；down D. Put；down【点拨】本题用短语辨析法。cut down砍倒；look down往下看；turn down调低；put down记下。If you do things ，usually you cant do them well. A

29、. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now D.at once【点拨】 in a hurry匆忙，仓促；from now on从当前起；just now刚刚；at once立即，立即，句意：如果你做事很匆忙，你普通是做不好。My family has two dogs. One is white；is black. A.other B. another C. the other D. others【点拨】依照上句“我家有两只狗。”可以推测下句应为“一只狗是白色，另一只狗是黑色。”one.the other.意为“（两者中）一种另一种”。C项符合构造及句意。M

30、y parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt to see them after several months away from home. A. wait B. Help C. expect D. afford【点拨】本题用固定短语法。wait等待；help协助；expect期待；afford提供。句意：我父母说她们要来看我。离开家几种月了，我迫不及待地要见到她们。短语cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事。How time flies！ We should show love for our parents and make them