学年高中英语译林版必修三Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unitReadingLanguage points.docx

1、学年高中英语译林版必修三Unit 2 Section Welcome to the unit ReadingLanguage pointsSection Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage points be made up of由组成(构成)(教材P22)The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的语言。make up化妆，打扮；和解；编造，虚构；构成make out 理

2、解；看清，辨认清楚make up for 弥补，补偿make ones way 前往make it 成功One hundred years make up a century.一百年构成一个世纪。(朗文辞典)Caroline doesnt have a natural talent for music but she makes up for it with hard work.卡罗琳的音乐天分不高，但她的刻苦弥补了不足。语境助记Our class is made up of forty students.Some girls in our class like making up so mu

3、ch that they are often late for classes.When our teachers ask the reason，they usually make up an excuse for it.我们班由40名学生组成。其中，一些女生很喜欢化妆以至于经常上课迟到。当老师们问到原因时，她们常编造借口应对。 occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；担任(职务)，使从事(教材P22)Then two Germanic groups from the European mainlandthe Angles and the Saxonsoccupied Britain.

4、然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事(2)occupied adj. 忙碌的；占用的be occupied in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事(3)occupation n. 占领；职业，工作All the seats on the bus were occupied.公共汽车上所有的座位都有人了。She is fully occupied with her three children.Shes f

5、ully occupied in looking after her three children.She occupies(occupy) herself in looking after her three children.她忙于照料她的三个孩子。He carries on several occupations(occupy) at a time.他同时从事几种职业。 consist of 由组成(构成)(教材P22)Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.古英语是由他们的语言混合而成的。(1)consist in存在

6、于，在于consist with 与一致；符合(2)consistent adj. 一致的；相符的；符合的be consistent with 与相一致，与相吻合The report does not consist with the fact.这篇报道与事实不符合。Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others.宽容在于尊重别人的意见。(牛津词典)The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。名师点津consist

7、 of与be made up of同义，但consist of 不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。语境助记Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle，which consists with reality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。这与现实相一致。 name after 以命名(教材P22)Both the English language and the English people are named after the A

8、ngles；the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.英语和英国人的名字都与盎格鲁人一样；在古英语中单词Angle拼写成Engle。name.as提名为；任命为in the name of 以名义；代表under the name of 用作名字，以假名He has been named as the new chairman.他被任命为新董事长。No country should invade others in the name of anything.任何国家都不应以任何名义侵略他国。He writes under the name of

9、 Mao Dun.他以“茅盾”这个名字发表著作。 aside from除之外(教材P22)Aside from place names such as London，very few Celtic words became part of Old English.除了像伦敦这样的地名之外，很少有几个凯尔特词汇能成为古英语的一部分。表示“除之外”的短语：apart/aside from除之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。except除外(都

10、)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。Apart from English，he has a good command of Russian and French.除英语外，他还精通俄语和法语。(朗文辞典)People choose jobs for other reasons besides money.人们择业时除了钱之外还有别的考虑。明辨异同besides/except/except for/aside frombesides表示除外的部分包括在内，相当于with和plus。except表示除外的部分不包括在内，相当于without和

11、minus。except for表示被除外的部分是不同类事物。aside from与apart from相同，相当于except，except for以及besides。besides，except，except for，aside fromThe translation is well done_a few small mistakes.【导学号：18452010】_cancer，smoking can lead to other diseases.Most people go to work_Saturday and Sunday.【答案】except for/aside fromBesi

12、des/Aside fromexcept/aside from (教材P22) The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England and took_control_of the country in 1066.最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们于1066年击败英格兰并控制了这个国家。(1)contribution n贡献，促成因素；捐赠(1)make a contribution to/towards sth.为做出贡献；为捐款(2)contrib

13、ute vi.&vt. 贡献(时间、精力)；捐助；投稿contribute sth.to/towards. 给捐款contribute(sth.)to. 向投稿contribute to. 是的原因之一；有助于；导致As mayor，he made many positive contributions(contribute) to the growth of the city.作为市长，他对这个城市的发展做出了很多积极的贡献。Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.我们对新产品的渴望也导致了这个问题。【导学号

14、：18452011】语境助记Many people contributed money to the Hope Project，which contributed to many childrens coming back to school.A teacher was so deeply moved by the kind people that she wrote an article and contributed it to a newspaper.很多人都给希望工程捐款，这使得许多孩子能重返校园。一位老师感动于好心人的帮助，写了一篇文章向报社投稿。(2)defeat vt.击败，战胜

15、n.击败，失败As a parent，I hated seeing my daughter playing her best，but still defeated.作为父母，我当然不愿意看到我的女儿尽最大的努力，却被打败。明辨异同beat/defeat/winbeat多指打败或战胜“对手”，后可接人名或地名。beat their team战胜他们队。defeat多指击败敌军或入侵者。defeat the enemy打败敌人。win多指赢得比赛、辩论、战斗等。win the game赢得比赛。beat，defeat，winThe challenger _ the champion in thre

16、e sets.Im sure that he will _ the game.Iraq army was quickly _ by America in 2003.I could always _ my brother at chess.【答案】defeated/beatwindefeatedbeat(3)take control of 控制，取得对的控制lose control of对失去控制under control 受控制out of control 失去控制in control of 控制；掌握in the control of 受控制You shouldnt have lost co

17、ntrol of your temper on such an occasion.你不应该在这种场合发脾气。With the help of firefighters，they got the fire under control.在消防员的帮助下，火情得到了控制。(牛津词典)The city is in the control of enemy forces.那座城市现处于敌军的控制之下。名师点津注意in control of与in the control of的用法，类似的还有in charge of“负责，管理”，in the charge of“由某人负责，由某人管理”；in poss

18、ession of“拥有”，in the possession of“(某物)为(某人)所有”。 (教材P22)However，the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier，which led_to Old English replacing Celtic.然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。(1)lead to 导致；通往lead sb.

19、to do sth.导致某人做某事lead sb.to名词 把某人引向lead a/an .life 过着生活近义词(组)有：result in；bring about；causeThe use of information technology could lead us to work at home.信息技术的应用致使我们能在家工作。There are many poor people who lead a bitter life.有很多穷人过着贫困潦倒的生活。Theres a track that leads directly to the park.有一条小径直接通向公园。名师点津l

20、ead to中to 为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把送回(原处)First of all，it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it.首先，现在替换一个东西要比花费时间和金钱修理它要容易得多。replacetake the place of代替， 取代replace.as. 作为而取代replace.with. 用取代The manager replaced Bob as chairman of the company.经理

21、取代鲍勃成为公司的主席。They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.他们用昂贵的新跑车代替他们心爱的旧车。【导学号：18452012】 result in造成；导致(教材P23)This resulted in even more words with similar meanings，such as answer (from Old English)and reply (from Old French)这使英语产生了更多意思相近的词语，如answer(源自古英语)和reply(源自古法语)。 resu

22、lt from因而发生as a result of 因为，由于as a result 结果As a result of the rain，the meeting has been put off.由于下雨，会议已被推迟。They wear out，and as a result，we get old and eventually die.它们会老化，所以我们会变老，最终死去。The high unemployment in the country results from the governments policies.那个国家的高失业率是由政府的政策导致的。名师点津result in意为“

23、结果，导致”，句中的主语是起因，in的宾语是结果，与cause，lead to同义；result from意为“由引起，产生”，句中的主语是结果，from的宾语是起因，可与as a result of，because of同义。 raise vt.养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及(教材P23)After the Norman Conquest，many English people worked as servants who raised animals.诺曼征服之后，很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜。写出下列句子中raise的汉语意思We will send mor

24、e teachers to study overseas in order to raise the citys education level.提高Parents have the duty to raise their children.养育If you have a problem，please raise your hand.举起They are raising funds to help needy youngsters.募集He did not raise the subject again.提出/提及明辨异同raise/rise/ariseraise是及物动词，也可表示抽象意义，

25、如提高政治觉悟、生活水平、地位等。rise是不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。通常指日、月、星辰的升起，也可指人起身，站起及情感的增强，数量的增加等。arise是不及物动词，意为“产生，发生，出现”。raise，rise，ariseI am always wondering how you manage to _ four children on such a small income.My spirits _ when I heard the good news that I would be given a chance to study abroad.In order to mak

26、e everyone hear me clearly，I had to _ my voice.【导学号：18452013】 The number of deaths _ from road accidents has been rising.【答案】raiseroseraisearising图形助记raise/rise/arise巧记忆.语境填词1He _ an important position in the company, _ himself with all kinds of activities, and his _ brings him great fame and fortun

27、e.(occupy)2Her death mainly _ in her injuries and these injuries were _ with her falling from the building this time.(consist)3The old couple _ their savings to charity.In other words, they made _ to charity.(contribute)4The _ told us the _ opening of the new church was in May.To be exact, it was _

28、opened on May 5th.(office) 5.The employees of the _ company were _ happy about the proposal.(entire)【答案】1.occupies；occupying；occupation2consisted；consistent3.contributed；contributions4.official；official；officially5entire；entirely.选词填空be made up of，consist of，name after，aside from，take control of，lea

29、d to，add to，go through1The child was _ its father.2It was reported that Typhoon Fitow _ serious floods in many parts of Zhejiang Province.3The rest of the furniture _ a bed, a table and four chairs.4The army _ the city after the presidents fall from power, which left the whole country in a mess.【导学号

30、：18452014】5_ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.【答案】1.named after2.led to3.is made up of/consists of4.took control of5.Aside from (教材P22)That_is_why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那就是为什么英语有那么多规则使人们困惑的原因。【要点提炼】That is why.“那是的原因”，此句型中why引导表语从句，且在从句中充当状语。that在此为关系代词，引导定语从