学年高中英语 Unit 2 Fit for life Section Ⅱ Welc.docx

1、学年高中英语 Unit 2 Fit for life Section WelcUnit 2 Fit for life Section Welcome to the unit & Reading-Language points 一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.revolutionn巨变，大变革；革命；旋转2.potentialn. 可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能adj. 潜在的，可能的3.chewvi.&vt. 咀嚼，嚼碎；咬，啃4.symptomn. 症状；征兆5.vitaladj. 对极重要的，必不可少的6.acidn. 酸，酸性物质adj. 酸的，酸性的；酸味的；尖

2、酸的7.circulatevi.&vt. 循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅8.massadj. 大规模的；数量极多的n. 一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量9.bleedvi. 流血，失血.拓展词汇1.beneficialadj.有益的，有用的benefit n利益，好处vt.对有利，有益于2.possessvt.拥有，具有possession n财产3.abnormaladj.不正常的，反常的normal adj.正常的4.unableadj.不能，无法able adj.能够，可以5.acceleratevt.&vi.(使)加速，加快acceleration n加速，加快accelerator n加

3、速器；油门6.chemistn药剂师，药商；化学家chemistry n化学chemical adj.化学的7.effectiveadj.有效的；实际的effect n影响8.astonishvt.使十分惊讶astonishing adj.令人惊讶的astonished adj.感到惊讶的astonishment n惊讶9.applicationn应用；申请apply v应用，申请10.approvaln批准，通过approve v批准，同意1.potential n可能性，潜在性adj.潜在的，可能的记法potent (能力) ial (形容词后缀)可能的词块potential proble

4、ms潜在的问题potential danger 潜在的危险potential customers 潜在的客户同义possibility n. 可能性2.vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的记法vit (生命)al(形容词后缀)有生命的生死攸关的词块a vital injury 致命伤a vital role 极其重要的作用vital organs 重要器官近义important adj. 重要的significant adj. 有重大意义的3.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的记法ab (表否定)normal (正常的)反常的词块stop ones abnormal behavi

5、our阻止某人的变态行为反义normal adj. 正常的4.approval n批准，通过；赞成，同意记法approve (批准)al(名词后缀)批准，赞成词块nod in approval 点头表示同意government approval 政府的批准反义disapproval n. 不赞成二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.focus on集中于2open up 打开；开拓；开业3in the form of 以形式4carry out 执行，实施5try out 测试，试验；参加选拔6in large quantities 大量地7due to 因为，由于8by accident

6、 意外地1.keep us healthy 保持我们健康2perform operations 进行手术3prove beneficial to mankind 证明对人类有益4reduce body pains and fever 减轻身体疼痛和退烧5have the potential 有潜力6the standard of peoples health 人们的健康标准7look abnormal 看上去不正常8face two problems 面对两个问题三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing f

7、ever and helping stop pain, butthere are alsoother things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧和止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。not only . but also .，连接两个并列句，若not only置于句首时，其所在分句要使用部分倒装。Not_only_did_we_lose_all_our_money,_but we also came close to losing our lives.我们不仅把所有的钱弄丢了，而且差点丢了命。2.If penicillinhad not been

8、available, many people wouldhave died from sickness or even small wounds.如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至是很小的伤口。If sb./sth.had done .sb./sth.would have done句型表示对过去情况的虚拟。If you had_come ten minutes earlier, you would_have_known what we were talking about.如果你早十分钟过来，你就会知道我们在谈论什么了。3.Since it was abnormal for mould t

9、o be in that lab dish, something must have gone wrong.由于在实验室里的那个碟子里的霉菌是不正常的，所以一定是某些事情出错了。 must have done“一定做过”，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。He seems very nervous; something must_have_happened to him.他看起来非常紧张，一定出什么事了。1(教材P18)Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to m

10、ankind since they were invented.自这两种药被发明以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。 beneficial adj.有益的，有用的(1)be beneficial to 对有益(2)benefit vi.&vt. 得益于；使受益n. 利益，好处benefit from/by 从中受益to ones benefit 对某人有益be of benefit to (be beneficial to) 对有益for the benefit of 为了的利益Cycling ishighly beneficial to health and environ

11、ment.骑自行车对健康和环境都非常有益。I really like to talk with him like this because I can benefit so much from/by it.我真的喜欢和他像这样谈话，因为我可以从中受益很多。Proper exercise every day is of great benefit to our health.每天做适量的运动对我们的健康很有好处。For_the_benefit_of the chemist, all the doctors and nurses went on a strike.为了这名药剂师的利益，所有的医生和

12、护士举行了罢工。名师点津of抽象名词该名词的形容词。有此种用法的词有：(be) of useuseful(be) of helphelpful(be) of valuevaluable(be) of importanceimportant2(教材P18)Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.将近3 500年以前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物

13、质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛和退烧。 possess vt.拥有，具有possession n 拥有，财产take possession of 占有，获得get possession of 拿到，占有sb.be in possession of sth. 某人占有某物sth.be in the possession of sb. 某物被某人占有The surgeon in the operating theatrepossesses perfect skills.在手术室里的这位外科医生拥有熟练的技能。You cannot legally take_possession_o

14、f the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.契约签署三周以后，你才能合法取得这份产业的所有权。Im in possession ofthe big house at present.The big house is in_the_possession_of me at present.目前，这座大房子归我所有。3(教材P18)Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also o

15、ther things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧和止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。 vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的be vital to/for . 对是至关重要的 做是至关重要的be of vital importance (to sb./sth.) (对某人/某事)极其重要It is vital to getthe victim to the doctor or hospital at once.把受害者立刻送到医生那里或医院是至关重要的。It is vital that you (should)_keep (keep)

16、accurate records when you are selfemployed.干个体时要准确记录账目，这十分重要。Reading is of vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用。4(教材P18)Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blo

17、od circulate better.美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。 potential(1)n.可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能potential for (doing) sth. (做)某事的可能性realize ones (full) potential (充分)发挥某人的潜能have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的潜力Our common goal is to maximize our potential foreconomic growth.我们的共同目标就是最大程度地发挥经济增

18、长的潜力。You have the potential to_reach (reach) the top of your profession.你具有达到事业顶峰的潜能。(2)adj.潜在的，可能的I was interested in translation but I never saw it as a potential career.我对翻译很感兴趣，但我从来没将它视为未来的职业。名师点津potential用作形容词时，表示“潜在的，可能的”，只作前置定语；用作名词时，是不可数名词。5(教材P19)It astonished him to see the bacteria surrou

19、nding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.使他十分惊讶的是，他看到这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着是这种霉杀死了它们。 astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊(1)It astonishes sb. that . 使某人惊讶(2)astonished adj. 惊讶的，惊愕的be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 对感到惊讶astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的(3)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊to ones astonishment 使某人惊讶的是in

20、astonishment 吃惊地It astonished me that no one had thought of it before.让我吃惊的是，以前没有人想到这件事。If Newton were alive, he would be astonished to_see (see) how greatly the world has changed.如果牛顿健在的话，他会为世界变化之大感到吃惊。We were all astonished at/by the news that he had passed his driving test.我们都对他通过驾照考试的消息感到十分惊讶。语境

21、串记To my astonishment, they seemed not astonishedat all at the astonishingnews, and I looked at themin astonishment.让我惊讶的是，他们对这个令人惊讶的消息似乎一点儿也不吃惊，我惊讶地看着他们。6(教材P19)Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。 try out测试，试验

22、；参加选拔try sth. out on . 在上试验某物try out for 参加的选拔try for sth. 试图获得某物try sth. on 试穿(衣物等)The hospital tried out a new tablet on the patient with diabetes.这家医院在患糖尿病的那个病人身上试用了一种新药片。Ill try it out and see if it works.我来试试看能否行得通。These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。The cl

23、erk held out a dress for Martha to try on.店员拿出一件衣服给马莎试穿。In my opinion, you should try for such a chance.依我看，你应该努力争取这样的机会。7(教材P19)He immediately realized that the mould might have an applicationin treating illnesses caused by bacteria.他立刻意识到这种霉或许能用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。 application n应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷(1)apply

24、v (正式以书面形式)申请； 使用，应用；努力，专心致志apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物apply sth. to . 把某物应用于apply oneself to 致力于，专心于(2)applicant n. 申请人applicable adj. 适用的What astonished me was that the application had been turned down.令我感到吃惊的是，那项申请被拒绝了。We need to apply for planning permission to build a garage.我们建车库需要申请规划许可

25、。New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.新技术正被应用到几乎所有的工业流程中。Over the next months, he applied himself to improving (improve) the technique.在接下来的几个月里，他一门心思改进技术。名师点津上述短语中，to均为介词。语境串记The applicantsmust hand in their applicationsfirst if they want to apply for the job.如果申请人想申请这

26、份工作，就必须先上交申请表。8(教材P19)Since the new drug was needed for World War， the government approvalprocess for penicillin was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944.由于这种新药为第二次世界大战所需，政府批准程序得以加快，大批量生产始于1944年。 approval nU，C批准，通过；U赞成，同意(1)meet with ones approval 得到某人的同意give ones approval to 批准(2)approve

27、v. 赞成，赞同；批准，认可approve of (doing) sth. 赞成(做)某事Do the plans meet with your approval?你赞成这些计划吗？The president has already given his approval to the plan.总统已经批准了这个计划。Im afraid uncle Tom would not quite approve_of your moving out of his house.恐怕汤姆叔叔不太同意你搬出去住。 mass adj.大概的，广泛的，数量极多的v.聚集n.许多a mass of/masses

28、of 大量的the mass ofthe majority of 大多数，大部分Their latest product is aimed at the mass market.他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。There were masses_of people in the shops yesterday.昨天，商店里人如潮涌。The mass of public opinion is in favor of the new foreign policy.大部分的舆论赞成新的外交政策。名师点津a mass of和masses of后既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词。There were (

29、be) masses of dark clouds in the sky a few hours ago.几小时前，天空乌云密布。1Not only has aspirinproved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, butthere are alsoother things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧和止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。(1)not only .but also .“不但而且”，连接两个并列分句，如果not only位于句首，其所在分句要用部分倒装。Not on

30、ly can studentsimprove their writing ability in this way, but they can strengthen their selfconfidence.同学们不仅可以用这种方式提高他们的写作能力，而且还能够增强自信心。Not only did (do) the poor man lose his job, but he was also sent to prison.这个可怜的人不仅丢了工作，而且还被送进了监狱。(2)not only .but also .可以连接两个并列的成分，如主语、宾语、表语、谓语、状语等。We can watch the ceremonynot only on TV but alsothrough the Internet.我们不但可以从电视上观看开幕式，还可以通过网络来观看。(3)not only .but also .连接主语时，谓语通常与邻