牛津译林高二模块五U2 Word power 词汇学案.docx

1、牛津译林高二模块五U2 Word power 词汇学案Word power词汇-1. debate v/n. 争论，辩论，讨论【教材原句】Todays debate question is, The economy or the environment-must we choose? 今天辩论的问题是“经济还是环境-我们必须做出抉择吗？” 【例句研读】翻译下列句中关于debate的短语含义（1）There was much lively debate about whether the tourist was to blame for his manner. （2）Before long we

2、 invited the spokeswoman and several consultants to participate in the debate. _（3）What are they debating (about)? _（4）Were just debating how to overcome the difficulty. _1. 热烈的争论； 2. 参加辩论； 3. 他们正在辩论什么？ 4. 讨论 【辨析】debate, arguedebate侧重“双方各抒己见”， 内含“交锋”的意思We have been debating about the present economy

3、. 我们一直在就当前的经济状况进行讨论argue侧重“说理”“论证”和“企图说服”I argued with my brother for a long time, but our mother pretended not to hear us. 我和我哥哥辩论了好久，但我们的妈妈假装没听见【即时巩固】1. They were _(辩论是否要建) a new park. debating whether to build 2. Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets h

4、as caused _.(市民热烈的讨论) heated debate among citizens 词汇-2. open the floor 自由发言（the floor 意为“发言权”）【教材原句】Then they will open the floor for discussion. 之后我们将展开自由讨论。 【例句研读】翻译下列句中open the floor 的含义（1）Lets open the floor to the question now. 自由提问【链接】take the floor _ (在重要的公开会议上)发言have/ get the floor _ 取得发言权T

5、he president then took the floor and expresses his attitude towards the global protection. 总统随后讲话并就全球保护问题表明了态度discussion n. 讨论【固定搭配】have a hot/ heat discussion about/ on _ 对.进行热烈的讨论under discussion _ 在讨论中We opened the floor and had a heated discussion on language and communication. 我们自由发言，就语言和交际问题进行

6、了热烈的讨论。He told us whether to debate was still under discussion. 他告诉我们是否举行辩论还在讨论中。【即时巩固】When a discussion is under way, everyone is welcome to _(自由发言) in class. open the floor词汇-3. atmosphere n. 大气，空气，气氛【教材原句】The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick. 它们产生的废物进入大气，使我们生病。【例句研读】翻译

7、句中atmosphere的含义（1）Carbon dioxide prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. _ （2）According to a recent survey, the atmosphere of the city is polluted seriously. _（3）The atmosphere in the room was charged with tension. _1.从大气层中释放出去； 2. 那个城市的空气

8、； 3.房间里充满了紧张的气氛 make 接复合宾语 make 的宾语补足语可以是介词短语，形容词，分词或者是不带to 的动词不定式make oneslef at home 别客气make sth done 让某事被做make sb do sth 让某人做某事make sb/ sth + adj. 让某人/ 某物.Just make yourself at home. Please help yourself to some fruit. 不要客气，请随便吃点水果吧Miss Li couldnt make herself heard because it was too noisy.李老师不能

9、使别人听见她的话，因为太吵了The waste gases released into the atmosphere can make us feel uncomfortable. 被排到大气中的废气会使我们感到不舒服His good attitude made him very popular with colleagues. 他的友好态度使他很受同事们的欢迎Add more water to make the soup thinner. 再往汤里加点水以使它稀点词汇-4. large numbers of 很多【教材原句】These boats catch large number of

10、fish without giving them time to lay eggs. 这些船捕捞大量的鱼，而不给它们时间产卵。【例句研读】掌握句中large numbers of的含义（1）Large numbers of fire fighters arrived at the spot and saved many injured people regardless of the big fire. _（2）There used to be large numbers of white-flag dolphins, but now the number of them is becomin

11、g smaller and smaller. _1. 大量的消防员 2.很多白鳍豚 【归纳拓展】the number of + 复数可数名词+单数谓语many a + 单数可数名词+单数谓语more than one + 单数可数名词+单数谓语a great/ good many +复数可数名词+复数谓语quantities of + 可数或不可数名词+复数谓语a quantity of +可数或不可数名词+单数谓语a lot of / lots of +可数或不可数名词plenty of +可数或不可数名词误区警示：number只用large / small 修饰，不用many, few,

12、a few 修饰lay eggs 产卵Every year a wide range of fish swim against the current to lay eggs in their birthplace. 每年各种各样的鱼逆流而上，到它们的出生地产卵。【辨析】lie, lay原形过去式过去分词现在分词lie 说谎liedliedlyinglie 躺，位于laylainlyinglay 放置；下（蛋）laidlaidlaying【一言辨异】The man lying there lied that he had laid the money on the table. 躺在那里的那个

13、人撒谎说他已把钱放在桌子上了。【拓展】lay the table _摆放桌子 lay down ones arms _ 放下武器lay down ones life for. _ 为.献出生命 lay.aside _ 把.放在一边词汇-5. 倍数表达方式 【教材原句】The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 与1800年的人口相比，世界人口数量已经增长了6倍。倍数表示法：1. A + be +倍数+ as +计量形容词原级+as + B Her father is twice as old as she.

14、 她父亲的年龄是她的两倍。2. A+ be +倍数+计量形容词比较级+than +BThis dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 3. A+ be +倍数+the+计量名词+of+BThe newly-built library is three times the size of that one. 4. The + 计量名词+ of+ A+be+倍数+that+ of +BThe length of this pipe is three times that of that time.5. 倍数+wh

15、at 从句This years production is four times what it was three times years ago. 词汇-6. duty n. 义务，责任，职责，职务【教材原句】It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.我们有责任努力削减生产，减少制造和购买的东西的数量。【句法分析】we make and buy 是定语从句，修饰先行词things。【例句研读】掌握句中duty 的含义（1）Keeping th

16、ose football fans in order is the security officers duty. _（2）We feel it our duty to make adolescents grow healthily and happily. _1. 安保人员的职责; 2. 2.是我们的责任【固定搭配】on duty _ 值班，上班out of duty _ 出于责任Its ones duty to do sth. _ 做某事是某人的责任cut back on 缩减，削减（与cut down on 含义相同）【例句研读】掌握句中cut back on 的含义（1）Faced w

17、ith the bad economic situation, the businessman decided to cut back on costs. _（2）In order to avoid getting injured, the coach cut back on the amount of exercise. _1. 削减成本 2. 减少了运动量；【链接】cut away _ 砍掉 cut through _ 剪断，抄近路cut up _ 切开，切成小块 cut in _ 超车，插嘴cut off _ 切断，割掉 cut out _ 剪下，删除be cut out for sth

18、. 适合做某事，是做某事的材料（一般用于疑问句和否定句）They cut away all the dead branches from the tree. 他们把树上的枯枝都砍掉了。Its your duty to pay your gas bill, or else you may be cut off. 付煤气费是你的义务，否则你就可能被停止供气。In the end, I decided I wasnt cut out for the army. 最后我得出结论，自己不是当兵的材料。词汇-7. responsibility n. 责任，职责 【教材原句】They think of gr

19、eedy businessman hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.他们会联想到贪婪的商人躲避责任，只关心钱。【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分（1）Everyone has a responsibility to protect endangered animals like tortoises and dolphins. _（2）You must take responsibility for looking after the sick child, or you will be to blame.

20、 _（3）Its your responsibility to inform us of any revisions of the design. _1. 人人都有责任来保护濒危动物; 2. 承担起责任; 3. 设计如有任何修改，你有责任通知我们【搭配】have a responsibility to do sth. _ 有责任做某事take responsibility for (doing)sth. _ 承担（做）某事的责任It is ones responsibility to do sth. _ 某人负责做某事【链接】be responsibility for _ 对.负责You mu

21、st be responsible for your absurd remarks.你必须对你的荒唐言论负责。词汇-8. belief n. 信念，看法【教材原句】 People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be true.人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这未必是正确的。【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分（1）Grandet is selfish and greedy beyond belief. _（2）He came to debate

22、 with me in the belief that I would agree with him. _（3）Its my belief that the gifted boy will have a different childhood. _1. 难以置信; 2. 相信; 3. 我相信【搭配】beyond belief _ 令人无法相信；令人难以置信in the belief that. _ 相信.Its ones belief that . _ 某人相信.【链接】believe in 信任，信赖believe sb.相信某人的话believe sb. To be + adj./n.相信

23、某人是.believe sb. To have done sth.认为某人做过某事词汇-9. operate v. 经营；动手术；运转【教材原句】The people operate these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。【例句研读】翻译下面划线部分（1）After Bruces father retired, its his responsibility to operate the company. _（2）The doctors decided to operate (on he

24、r)immediately. It is their belief that she can stand again before long._（3）The machine operate day and night to process those raw materials. _1. 他就负责经营这家公司; 2. 马上（给她）动手术; 3. 这台机器日夜运转学法点拨：operate 表示“操作；管理；经营”时，为及物动词，同义词有run,manage等；operate表示“动手术”时，为不及物动词，跟宾语时需接介词on。 词汇-10. credit n. 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分

25、【教材原句】We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy, and give them more credit!我们应该停止将公司和商人视为敌人，而应给他们更多的赞誉！【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分（1）Many scientists are anchored in villages and devote themselves to the agriculture. We should give them more credit. _（2）To the soldiers credit, he always h

26、eld the belief that he never betrayed this motherland regardless of the cruel war environment. _（3）I cant take any credit. I admit the others did all the work. _（4）My maths class is worth three credits. _1. 我们该给他们更多的赞誉； 2.值得赞扬的是； 3.我不能接受任何荣誉； 4. 我的数学课值3个学分【搭配】give sb. credit_ 给某人赞许to ones credit _ 某

27、人值得赞扬/钦佩do sb. credit/do a credit to sb _ 为某人增光词汇-11. suggest vt. 建议；暗示；表明【教材原句】Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quality of things we produce in order to save the environment. 林女士建议为了保护环境我们应该削减我们所生产的东西的数量。【句法分析】suggested后接了宾语从句，引导词that省略了；we produce是定语从句，关系代词that/which 也省略了。【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分（

28、1）He suggested operating on the poor old man for free. _（2）He suggested that we (should)eat less seafood. Because some of us might be sensitive to it.- _（3）The worried look on her face suggested that she was eager to keep pace with others. _1. 他建议免费给那位贫穷的老人动手术; 2.有人建议; 3. 她脸上焦虑的表情表明【搭配】suggest doing sth. _建议做某事suggest that . _ 建议.suggest to sb. That. _