三字经英汉对照.docx

1、三字经英汉对照三字经英汉对照本书将中国传统文化的精髓翻译成英文,在方便大家学习英文的同时,也在一定程度上从另外一种语言文化出发,感受中华文明的博大精深,相信对大家的学习会有很大的帮助.人之初性本善性相近习相远 Men at their birth,are naturally good.Their natures are much the same;their habits become widely different.苟不教性乃迁教之道贵以专 If follishly there is no teaching,the nature will deteriorate.The right way

2、 in teaching,is to attach the utmost importancein thoroughness.昔孟母择邻处子不学断机杼 Of old, the mother of Menciuschose a neighbourhoodand when her child would not learn,she broke the shuttle from the loom.窦燕山有义方教五子名俱扬 Tou of the Swallow Hillshad the right methodHe taugh five son,each of whom raised the fami

3、ly reputation.养不教父之过教不严师之惰 To feed without teaching,is the fathers fault.To teach without severity,is the teachers laziness.子不学非所宜幼不学老何为 If the child does not learn,this is not as it should be.If he does not learn while young,what will he be when old ?玉不琢不成器人不学不知义 If j ade is not polished,it cannot

4、become a thing of use.If a man does not learn,he cannot know his duty towards his neighbour. 为人子方少时亲师友习礼仪 He who is the son of a man,when he is young,should attach himself to his teachers and friends;and practise ceremonial usages.香九龄能温席孝于亲所当执 Hsiang, at nine years of age,could warm (his parents) be

5、d.Filial piety towards parents,is that to which we should hold fast.融四岁能让梨弟于长宜先知 Jung, at four years of age, Y)could yield the (bigger) pears.To hehave as a younger brother towards elders,is one of the first things to know.首孝弟次见闻知某数识某文 Begin with filial piety and fraternal love,and then see and hear

6、 .Learn to count,and learn to read.一而十十而百百而千千而万 units and tens,then tens and hundreds,hundreds and thousands,thousands and then tens of thousands.三才者天地人三光者日月星 The three forces,are heaven, earth and man.The three luminaries,are the sun,the moon and the stars.三纲者君臣义父子亲夫妇顺 The three bonds,are the oblig

7、ation between soverign and subject,the love between father and child,the harmony between husband and wife.曰春夏曰秋冬此四时运不穷 We speak of spring and summer,we speak of autumn and winter,These four seasons,revolve without ceasing.曰南北曰西东此四方应乎中 We speak of North and South,we speak of East and West,These four

8、points,respond to the requirements of the centre.曰火水木金土此五行本乎数 We speak of water, fire,wood,l and earth.These five elements,have their origin in number.曰仁义礼智信此五常不容紊 We speak of chairty, of (?hear ?) and of duty towards one neighbour,(? an error in my original copy. I cant figure out what it is.)of pr

9、opriety, of wisdom, and of truth.These five virtues,admit of no compromise.稻粱菽麦黍稷此六谷人所食 Rice , spike, millet, pulsewheat, glutinous millet and common millet,These six grains,are those which men eat.马牛羊鸡犬豕此六畜人所饲 The horse, the ox, the sheep,the fowl, the dog, the pig.These six animals,are those which

10、 men keep.曰喜怒曰哀惧爱恶欲七情具 We speak of joy, of anger,we speak of pity, of fear,of love , of hate and of desire.These are the seven passions.匏土革木石金 与丝竹乃八音 The gound, earthenware,skinwood, stone l,silk and bamboo,yield the eight musical sounds.高曾祖父而身身而子子而孙 Great great grandfather,great grandfather, grandf

11、ather,father and self,self and son,son and grandson,自子孙至玄曾乃九族人之伦 from son and grandson,on to great grandson and great great grandson.These are the nine agnates,constituting the kinships of man.父子恩夫妇从兄则友弟则恭 Affection between father and child,harmony between husband and wife,friendliness on the part o

12、f elder brothers,respectfulness on the part of younger brothers,长幼序友与朋君则敬臣则忠 procedence(?) between elders and youngers, (probably : precedence )as between friend and friend.Respect on the part of the sovereign,loyalty on the part of the subject.此十义人所同 These ten obligations,are common to all men.凡训蒙须

13、讲究 详训诂名句读 In the education of the young,there should be explanation and eluciation,careful teaching of the interpretations of commentators,and due attention to paragraphs and sentences.为学者必有初 小学终 至四书 Those who are learners,must have a beginning.The little learning finished,they proceed to the four b

14、ooks.论语者二十篇 群弟子记善言 There is the Lun Yu (discourse or Analects),in twenty sections.In this, the various disciples,have recorded the wise sayings of Confucious.孟子者七篇止讲道德说仁义 The works of Mencius,have comprised in seven section.These explain the way and exemplifications thereof,and expound clarity and d

15、uty towards ones neighbour.作中庸子思笔中不偏庸不易 The Chung Yung (the doctrine of the mean),by the pen of Tzu-su;Chung (the middle) being that which odes not lean towards any side,Yung( the course) being that which cannot be changed.作大学乃曾子自修齐至平治 He who wrote the Great Learningwas the philosopher Tseng.Beginni

16、ng with cultivation of the individual and ordering of the family,It goes on to government of ones own State and ordering of the family.孝经通四书熟如六经始可读 When the Classic of Filial Piety is mastered,and the Four books are known by heart.The next step is to the Six classics,which may now be studied.诗书易礼春秋号

17、六经当讲求 The Books of Poetry, of History and of Changes.The Rites of Chou Dynasty, the book of Tites, and the Spring and AutumAnnalsare the six classicswhich should be carefully explained and analysed. 有连山有归藏有周易三易详 There is the Lien Shan System,there is the Kuei TsangAnd there is the system of Changes

18、of the Chou Dynasty,such are the 3 systems which elucidate the changes.有典谟有训诰有誓命书之奥 There are the Regulations and the Counsels,The Instruction, The Annoucements,The Oaths, The Charges,These are the profundities of the Book of History.我周公作周礼着六官 存治体 Our Duke of Chou,drew up the Ritual of the Chou Dyna

19、sty,in which he set forth the duties of the six classes of officials;and thus gave a settled form to the government.大小戴注礼记述圣言礼乐备 The Elder and the Younger Tai,wrote commentaries on the Book of Rites.They publish the holy words,and Ceremonies and Music were set in order.曰国风曰雅颂号四诗当讽咏 We speak of the K

20、uo Feng,we speak of the Ya and the Sung.These are the four sections of the Book of poetry,which should be hummed over and over.诗既亡春秋作寓褒贬别善恶 When odes ceased to be made,the Spring and Autumn Annals were produced.These Annals contain praise and blame,and distinguish the good from the bad.三传者有公羊有左氏有彀梁

21、The three commentaries upon the above,include that of Kung-Yang,th at of Tsoand that of Ku-Liang.经既明方读子撮其要记其事 When the classics were understood,then the writings of the various philosophers should be read.Pick out the important points in each,and take a note of the facts.五子者有荀杨文中子及老庄 The five chielf

22、 phlosophers,are Haun, Yang,Wen Chung TzuLao Tzu and Chung Tzu.经子通读诸史考世系知终始 When the classics and the philosophers are mastered,the various histories should then be read,and the genealogical connections should be examined,so that the end of one dynasty and the beginning of the next be known.自羲农至黄帝号三

23、皇居上世 From Fu Hsi and Shen Nung.(?on ? probably to or onto ) the Yellow Emperor,these are called the three rulers.who lived in the early ages.唐有虞号二帝相揖逊称盛世 Tang and Yu-Yuare called the two emperors.They adbicated, one after the other,and their was called the Golden Age.夏有禹商有汤周文武称三王 The Hsia dynasty ha

24、s Yuand the Shang dynasty has TangThe Chou dynasty had Wen and Wu;these are called the Three Kings夏传子家天下四百载迁夏社 Under the Hsia dynasty the throne was transmitted from father to son,making a family possession of the empire.A fter four hundred years,the imperial sacrifice passed from the house of Hsia.

25、汤伐夏国号商六百载至纣亡 Tang the completer destroyed the Hsia Dynasty,and the Dynastic title became Shang.The line lasted for six hundred years,ending with Chou Hsin.周武王始诛纣 八百载最长久 King Wu of the Chou Dynastyfinally slew Chou Hsin.His own line lasted for eight hundred years;the longest dynasty of all.周辙东王纲堕逞干戈尚

26、游说 When the Chous made tracks eastwards,the feudal bond was slackened;the arbitrament of spear and shields prevailed;and peripatetic politicians were held in high esteem.始春秋终战国五霸强七雄出 This period began with the Spring and Autum Epochand ended with that of the Warring States.Next, the Five Chieftains

27、domineered,and Seven Martial States came to the front.嬴秦氏始兼并传二世楚汉争 Then the House of Chin, descended from the Ying clan,finally united all the states under one sway.The thrown was transmitted to Erh Shih,upon which followed the struggle between the Chu and the Han states.高祖兴汉业建至孝平王莽篡 Then Kao Tsu ar

28、ose,and the House of Han was established.When we come to the reign of Hsiao Ping,Wang Mang usurped the throne.光武兴为东汉四百年终于献 Then K uang Wu arose,and founded the Eastern Han Dynasty.It lasted four hundred years,and ended with the Emperor Hsien.魏蜀吴争汉鼎号三国迄两晋 Wei, Shu and Wu,fought for the sovereignty of

29、 the Hans.They were called the Three Kingdoms,and existed until the two Chin Dynasties.宋齐继梁陈承为南朝都金陵 Then followed the Sung and the Chi dynasties,and after them the Liang and Chen dynastiesThese are the Southen dynasties,with their capital at Nanking.北元魏分东西宇文周兴高齐 The northern dynasties are the Wei dy

30、nasty and the Yuan familywhich split into Eastern and Western Wei.The Chou dynasty and the Yuwen family,with the Chi dynasty of the Kao family.迨至隋一土宇不再传失统绪 At length, under the Sui dynasty,the empire was united under one ruler.The throne was not transmitted twice,succession to power being loast唐高祖起义师除隋乱创国基 The first emperor of the Tang dynastyraised volunteer troops.He p