高考英语语法填空非谓语动词真题详解.docx

1、高考英语语法填空非谓语动词真题详解语法填空中对非谓语动词的考查实例剖析例 1the proverb, “ plucking up a croip2 (help) it grow ” , is based on the followingstory. (2008 年广东)思路分析：因句中已有谓语 is based,而 “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow 是” the proverb的同位语，是一个名词短语而非同位语从句，因此， help应是谓语动词； 帮 助禾苗长”是 将禾苗拨起来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填 to help例 2While s

2、he was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room 年广东(2007思路分析：因句中已有谓语 was getting，所以settle应是非谓语动词；又由 settle sb.into/in/on 使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词用宾补，故填settledo 考点突破一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. walking (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.全国)2. Eugenes never willi

3、ng to alter any of his opinions. It arguing sno use(a_gue)with him.(上海)3. Please remai n _seated (seat); the winner of the prize will be announ ced soon 辽宁)remain在这里是一个系动词，后面要接形容词做表语，CD明显不对，可以排除,AB都是分 词形式,可以充当形容词，但是主语是人，和seat应该是被动关系，所以用过去分词而不 用现在分词.Please remain seated .请坐着不要动。Be seated请坐着不要动4. Can

4、I smoke here?Sorry. We don t allowsmoking (smoke) here.江苏)Sb allow sb to do sth某人允许某人做某事Sb allow doi ng sth某人被允许做某事5. It is difficult to imagine his _accepting (accept) the decision without anycon siderati on.(陕西)imagi ne one s doing sth 固定搭配6. I can t standorking (work) with Jane in the same office

5、. She just refuses tostop (stop) talk ing while she works.北京)stand( sb.)doing,忍受(某人)做什么”；refuse to do 拒绝做7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _repairing (repair).陕西)Need(需要)的用法1. Need作为实义动词有人称、数和时态的变化(在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词)（1） 当主语是 人时，后可接名词和 动词不定式，即：need sth

6、./ need to do sth.Eg: He n eeds some help.Its cold outside. You n eed to wear more clothes.Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。Eg: You dont need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。（2） 当主语为 物时，后接名词或v-ing .Eg: The flowers need water. 这些花需要水。The flowers need watering.这些花需要浇水。2. n eed作为情态动词need作为情态动词时，后面必（注：情

7、态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，即 须跟动词原形）无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Eg: You need nt go this week.这周你不必去。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用 must,否定回答一般用 n eed nt。Eg: Need I come? Yes, you must./ No, you n eed nt注：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用 must，否定回答一般用 need nt或dont have toEg: Must I go now? Yes, you must.No, you n eed nt/dont h

8、ave to.8. Susa n wan ted to be in depe ndent of her pare nts. She tried _living (live) alone, butshe didn t like it and moved back hon湖南)try这个词后面可以接doing和to do,但是表达的含义不同.Doing表示试着去做, 但不管是否成功,to do 表示尝试去做,强调结果.9. Robert is in deed a wise man.Oh, yes. How ofte n I have regretted _not taking (not take)

9、 his advice!安徽)10. If you think that treating a woman well means always _getting (get) her permission forthin gs, thi nk aga in.(湖南)Mea n doi ng sth 意味着做某事,11. At the beg inning of class, the no ise of desks being ope ned and closed (ope nand close) could be heard outside the classroom全 国) being ope

10、 ned and closed 是正在被开或关的意思12. They are quiet, aren t they?Yes. They are accustomed to _n ot talking (not talk) at meals 江苏)be accustomed to doing sth. 习惯做某事(请注意：to为介词,并非不定式的标志,即后面加动词原形)13. Is nt it time you got dow n to (mark) the papers?重庆)get down to doing sth .是固定搭配， 开始做某事”；to为介词，后面接动名词或名词,14. Mr

11、. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _setting (set) up some schoolsfor poor childre n.(上海)学生可能会抓住“he had to而选择A，因为他们对had to do something的结构太熟悉 了。其实，句中had to与set up并不构成搭配，因为he had为定语从句修饰先行词 all, setup 与 devote all 构成搭配，即 devote all to setting up(to 为介词),15. She looks forward every spring t

12、o _walking (walk) in the flower-lined garden.(上海)16. Having bee n ill in bed for n early a mon th, he had a hard time passing (pass) theexam.(福建)Have a hard time /difficulty/trouble .(i n)doi ng sth. 做某事有艰难、困难或有麻烦.17. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _watching

13、(watch) TV.(上海)spend some time (in) doing sth., 中间出现了 up to (达到)，增加了选择的难度.18. I believe that the best way to prevent such a thing from _happening （happen）aga in.全国）19. Did you have trouble in_finding （find） the post office?（全国）20. Sandy could do nothing but admit （admit） to his teacher that he was w

14、rong 上海）介词后接动词通常应是动名词但是介帚but （except也一样）却比较特殊，其后接动词时，可 以接不定式，并且这个不定式可以带 to也可以不带to：1. 当其前的谓语含有实义动词 do （可以是各种形式）时，其后的不定式通常不带 to：She will do anything but play chess .她除了下棋外什么都愿干He did nothing all day except watch TV .他一整天除了看电视什么也没做2. 当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词 do时,其后的不定式通常要带 to:They had no choice but to obey .他

15、们别无选择只有服从 .He wan ted nothi ng but to stay here .他除了想呆在这里外 ，其它什么也不想.3当其前含有实义动词 do但不是用作谓语时，其后的不定式带不带to均可，但以不带to为 多见：Theres nothing to do but (to) leave.只好离开 .There was nothing to do but (to) wait .除了等没有其它的办法 .4.在cannot (help) but后习惯上接不带 to的不定式：I cannot (help) but admire his courage .我不得不佩服他的勇气21. I s

16、mell somethi ng _burning (bur n) in the kitche n. Can I call you back in a minu te?(全国)something应该正在烧，而且 something与burn之间是主谓关系，即是其自己烧了起来，所以要用现在分词22. Don t leave the water running (run) while you brush your teeth.天津)leave the water running指的是让水一直流，表状态。水和 run之间是主动关系。23. It was so cold that they kept t

17、he fire burning (bur n) all ni ght.全国)24. The man agers discussed the pla n that they would like to see carried (carry)out the n ext year.全国)25. To lear n En glish well, we should find opport un ities to hear En glish _spoken (speak) as much as we can.江苏)26. He is very popular among his students as

18、he always tries to make them_interested (in terest) in his lectures.江苏)27. En ergy drinks are not allowed _making (make) in Australia but are brought infrom New Zeala nd.(上海)28. My advisor encouraged me _to take (take) a summer course to improve mywriting skills.(北京)encourage sb . to do sth .是固定短语，意

19、为“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式在句 中作宾补.29. My parents have always made me _feel (feel) good about myself, even when Iwas twelve.(江苏)Make sb do make sth done make sb. done 使某人被 sb be made to do sthhave sb do 让某人干某事have sth donehave sb . done 使某人被let sb dolet sth donelet sb . done使某人被get sb to do 使某人干某事get sth doneget

20、 sb done 使某人被leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事leave sth doneask sb to do 使某人干某事30. They knew her very well. They had seen her grow (grow) up from childhood.（全国）see sb do sth看见某人做某事 see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事31. The mother felt herself _grow (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read theletter from the ba

21、ttlefield.(上海)feel作为感官动词，表示“感觉”，后接动词不定式的复合结构作宾语时，不定时 不能带“ to ”，即省略to,直接加动词原形32. Paul doesn t have to be made learn (learn). He always works hard.全国)33. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work filling (fill) my mi nd, I almost break dow n.(福建)34. Joh n received a

22、n in vitati on to dinner, and with his work finished (fin ish),he gladly accepted it.安徽)35. With a lot of difficult problems _to settle (set), the n ewly-elected preside nt ishav ing a hard time.上海)这是一个with复合结构.动词不定式to settle做定语表示现在或将来要解决的 难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式 being settled 作定语表示正在被解决

23、的难题 .所提供的语境 the newly-electedpreside nt is having a hard time 说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题,所以要用to settle 作定语.这句话的意思是“有很多难题要解决，新任总统 的日子不好过.”36. The director had her assista nt _pick (pick) up some hot dogs for the meeti ng全国)37. Did Peter fix the computer himself?He had it _fixed (fix), because he doesn t kn

24、ow much about com安徽!i)s.(38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English_improved (improve) in a short period.福建)39. Hele n had to shout to make herself _heard (hear) above the sound of the music.(广西) 40. Peter received a letter just now _saying (say) his gran dma

25、would come to see himsoon.(四川)40. Peter received a letter just now (say) his gran dma would come to see him soon.(四川)41. As the light tur ned gree n, I stood for a mome nt, not moving (move), and askedmyself what I was going to do.(湖南)42. walking (walk) in the fields on a March after noon, he could

26、feel the warmthof spri ng.(安徽)43. waiting (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenlyrealized he had left the cheque in the car.福建)44. blamed (blame) for the breakdow n of the school computer n etwork, Alice wasin low spirits.(福建)45. He hurried to the book ing office only _to be told

27、(tell) that all the ticketshad bee n sold out.陕西）竟然、结果only和不定式连用常构成结果状语，表示与预料相反的结果，意思是46. Europea n football is played in 80 coun tries, _making (make) it the mostpopular sport in the world.(全国)47. You were silly not to have locked (lock) your car.湖南)Its / Sb. is + adj. + to do sth.该句用不定式的完成时态是因为动作已

28、经完成。48. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good tobreathe （breathe）.（宁夏）be+adj+to do 是不定式的一个固定用法.比如说,这个工具很好使,你得说：the tool is easy to use. 而不是：the tool is easy to be used 或者 the tool is easy using.这里的to do可以表达被动的意思，因为是工具被使用，空气被吸入， 也就是所谓的主动形式表达被动意义.49. to complete (complete)

29、 the project as planned, we llhave to work twomore hours a day.湖南)50. When asked (ask) why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained fora space flight.江西)51. The flowers his frie nd gave him will die uni ess watered (water) every day.四川)52. When _compared (compare) differe nt cultures,

30、we ofte n pay atte ntio n onlyto the differences without noticing the many similarities.(浙江)53. The last one to arrive (arrive) pays the meal.Agree!(全国)固定用法，the last one to do sth,不光是Last，其他序数词都用 To Do比女口 I am the first to come to school再比如；he is the third to finish the work54. The trees _blown (blo

31、w) in the storm have bee n moved off the road 湖南)55. Can those seated (seat) at the back of the classroom hear m福?建)56. Reading is an experienee quite different from watching TV; there are pictures_formed (form) in your mi nd in stead of before your eyes.广西)57. It s a long time since I saw my sist全.国)Why n ot _visit (visit) her this weeke nd?祈使句不加to动词为原型所以这句话 要么是 Why not visit her this weekend 就是 Why dontyou visit her this weeke nd58. (search) the website of the Fire Departme nt in y