牛津深圳版英语八年级英语下册教案及课时作业Unit 1《Helping those in need》word重点内容汇编.docx

1、牛津深圳版英语八年级英语下册教案及课时作业Unit 1Helping those in needword重点内容汇编Unit 1 Helping those in need一、知识导航：知识目标必记单词1. raise v. 筹集 raise money=collect money v. 增加，提高 raise ones voice 提高某人的声音 raise price 提高价格 V. 举起；抬起raise your hand 举手 2. permission=agreement n. 准许，批准 permit v. 许可，准许，默许 permit/allow doing; permit s

2、b to do sth.=allow sb. to do sth 3. disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的 enable v. 使能够 enable sb. To do sth. 使（某人）能够做某事 mentally disabled 有智力缺陷 learning disabilities 学习障碍 4. offer v. 主动提出 offer to do 5. suffer v. （因疾病等）受苦，受折磨 suffer from 因.受苦，受折磨 6. organize v. 组织，筹备 organization n.组织；机构；团体 organizer n. 组织者 7.

3、express v. 表达，表露 expression n. 表情;表达，表示 8. lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的 9. difficulty n. 困难，费劲 have difficulty (in) doing sth. in difficulty/difficulties 处境困难difficult adj. 困难的 10. joy n. 愉快，喜悦 to ones joy 令人高兴的是，使某人高兴的是enjoy v. 享有，享受;欣赏;喜欢;使过得快活 enjoyable adj. 愉快的 joyful adj. 快乐的，高兴的;令人开心的，使人喜悦的 11. courage

4、 n. 勇气；勇敢 encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 encouragement n. 鼓励，激励 12. pay off 偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观，拜访 pay for 为付款13. teenager n. 青少年 serious adj. 严重的 illness n. （某种）病 ill adj. 生病的；坏的；fall ill 病倒了; feel ill 感觉不舒服; speak ill of sb. 说某人的短处 pain n. 痛苦

5、，苦恼 lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 friendship n. 友谊 peace n. 平静；宁静 peaceful adj. 和平的；爱好和平的；安静的；平静的 hurt v. (使）疼痛，受伤 spirits n. 情绪，心情 community n. 社区常考短语1. ask permission 报请批准 2. voluntary work 义务性工作 volunteer n. 志愿者 voluntary adj. 自愿的；自发的；无偿的 3. in need 需要帮助的 4. suffer from 因.受苦，受折磨 5. raise ones spirits 使振奋；使

6、鼓起勇气 6. in order to 目的在于，为了 7. give sb. a hand = help sb. 帮助某人 8. take photos of 给.拍照 9. in the future 在将来 10. be afraid of 害怕 11. so that 为的是，以便 12. in hospital 生病住院 13. take part in参加 14. millions of 数百万的 15. because of 因为 16. since then 从那时起 17. close to 靠近 经典句型1. Cindy is in hospital because she

7、 suffered from serious illnesses.2. They have difficulty walking or moving.3. Would you like to take part in the competition?4. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely.重点语法动词不定式教学策略1. 在教学中以学生为主导，通过学生自己的回忆复习发现其存在的薄弱环节，教师进行针对性的讲解2. 歌诀助记: 接动词不定式作宾语的动词3. 歌诀助记：need的用法和不定代词的

8、用法知识技能目标1. 熟练掌握Unit 1重点单词，短语，句型 2. 掌握动词不定式用法二、要点全解： 1. raise (v) 筹募 （钱）；增加，提高；举起；提出； 养育(raise = keep 有“饲养，抚养”的意思) 第三人称单数：raises 过去式：raised 过去分词：raised 现在分词：raising1. We raised some money for the Project of Hope.2. If you answer the teachers questions, you must raise your hand.3. The book raises many

9、 important questions.4. The local government raised the price of house.5. They were both raised in a poor family.搭配：raise ones voice 提高嗓门；raise a family 养家糊口；raise money 筹款； raise price 提高价格；raise ones spirits 打起精神；raise cattle = keep cattle（饲养牲口）；raise children（抚养孩子） 辨析：raise, rise(rise-rose-risen)

10、的区别:(1) 这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。 raise是及物动词，其主语通常是人；而rise是不及物动词，其主语通常是物。例如：The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起，普照大地。(2) raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同, raise是人为增加或提高，而rise是自然增加或提高。例如：The price of TV sets has been raised recently. 最近电视机提价了。（政府或厂家主动行动） The price of TV sets has risen recently. 最近电视机提价了。

11、（市场调节）2. permission (n.) 允许 = agreement 准许；批准 例如：Without permission, you mustnt enter the teachers office.同根词：permit v. 许可，准许；默许 permit - permitted - permitted permit sb. to do sth. = allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 例如: The guards permitted me to bring my camera and tape recorder. 辨析：permit, allow, let的

12、区别： permit / allow doing sth. 允许做某事 permit / allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 allow与permit在很多情况下意义是相同的,可换用。但allow侧重听任或默许，即不加阻止，语气较轻；permit通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许，指给予做某事的权利，如通过法令和正式条文“允许”做某事，语气较重；let指允许某人做某事，含有不加限制之意，多用于口语中，后面接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。3. I helped sick children. sick adj. 生病的 a

13、 sick man/the sick 病人【辨析】sick and ill：sick adj. (1)作表语，生病的，恶心的 His wife was sick in bed with a cold. (2)作定语，生病的 Jack is looking after his sick mother.ill adj. (1)作表语，生病的 He has been ill for about a month. (2)作定语，坏的 The ill boy loves playing tricks on his elder brother.4. I taught disabled children t

14、o sing. disabled 英 dsebld adj.残废的；有缺陷的用作形容词 (adj.)同根词：disable v. = make (sb.) unable to do sth. 使无能力；使残废，使伤残 enable v. = make (sb.) able to do sth. 使（某人）能够做某事teach sb. to do. sth. 教某人做某事invite sb to do sth（邀请某人做事）, persuade sb to do sth（成功劝说某人做某事）, teach sb to do sth（教某人做某事）, tell sb to do sth（告诉某人做

15、某事）, want sb to do sth（想要某人做某事）, wish sb to do sth（希望某人做某事）5. Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.offer to do sth. （主动）提出做某事 Tom offered to drive us to the bus station.offer sth. 提出某事 He offered a good plan for our holiday.offer sb. Sth./offer sth. to sb. （主动

16、）给某人提供某物 We should offer others our help. （1）辨析：provide, offer的区别： provide用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品。常用于provide sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb. 的固定搭配中。offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。常用于offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb. 固定搭配中。例如：offer sb.主动提出帮助某人；offer sb. a good salary 给某人一个好工资。（2

17、）辨析：during, in与forduring用于某事是在某一段时间之内发生时，强调动作或状态的持续性During those three months he asked a lot of questions.in一般情况下可与 “during”互换，但表示某一动作发生在某一时间段内时，宜用in We usually take a holiday in July.for用于某事持续多久时Tom was in school for only three months.6. The children there all suffer from serious illnesses. suffer(

18、名词）sufferingsuffer from sth. 因某事受苦、受折磨，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿悲伤等的词语Many teenagers are suffering from the computer games.suffer (vt.) 和suffer from的区别：suffer 指一般的损害、痛苦等等，但suffer from指长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。 suffer ：1. 感到疼痛、痛苦 He died very quickly, he didnt suffer much. 他死得很快,没有多少痛苦. 2. 承受,遭受 You must be prepared to

19、 suffer consequences. 你要准备承担后果. suffer from： 1. 患有（疾病等） She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病 2. 为.所苦,因.而吃苦头 Im suffering from a real lack of time this week. 我这周为时间不够用而苦。 suffer the result /heavy losses /injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤 suffer from headache/illness 遭受头痛/疾病的困扰 7. We taught them to tell stories. tell

20、 v. 讲述，告诉 tell stories 讲故事【辨析】tell, talk, speak, say：Tell, 告诉，讲述 表示把某件事或某条信息传达给别人，也可以表示“讲故事”，“说谎话”（tell a lie)Talk, 交谈，谈话 talk to/with sb. 与某人交谈 talk about 谈论Speak，说，发言 常用来指说某种语言，也可以指发言等 speak EnglishSay, 说， 强调说的内容 Eg: (1) He likes to tell jokes. (2) The teacher talked to him just now.(3) He can spe

21、ak Japanese and Chinese. (4) Can you say it in English?8. help them express their feeling: 帮助他们表达感受Help sb do (to do) sth: 帮助某人做某事E.g.：I always help my mother clean the house on Sundays.express v. 表达；表露。同根词：expression n. 表现，表示，表达；表情E.g.：This helps them express their feelings. 这有助于他们表达他们的情感。 She gave

22、 expression to her sadness. 她流露出了悲伤之情。9. We spend time with a girl called Vivien. spend v. 度过，消磨 spend time with sb: 和某人一起, 与某人度过时光； 花费时间和某人在一起； spend time / money in doing sth: 花费时间/金钱做某事 spend time / money on sth: 花费时间/金钱在某事上【拓展】四花费（spend, pay, cost, take）的用法： 人+spend (spent) +时间/金钱+ on sth./ (in)

23、 doing sth. 人+pay(paid) +钱+for+物 物+cost (cost) +sb. +金钱 It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth. E.g.：I spent 200 yuan on the bag.= I paid 200 yuan for the bag.= I bought the bag for 200 yuan.跟踪练习1. They spend too much time the report. A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write2. -Will you please

24、 for my dinner Peter? -Sure! A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take3. It will me too much time to read this book.A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay4. This science book _ me a great amount ofmoney. A. took B. cost C. used D. spent 5. -The T-shirt looks nice on you! How much does it _? -I just _ ten dollars for

25、 it. A. take; afforded B. cost; paid C. cost; spent D. costs; spend10. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. (1) die v. 死 dying，现在分词 dead adj. 死去的 the dead 死人 death n. 死亡(2) unhappy adj. 伤心的，不快乐的【拓展】构词法讲解：前缀1）大多数形容词加un- 构成反义词 (un)able, (un)friendly2）以c或者e开头的形容词通常加in

26、- 构成形容词 (in)correct, (in)expensive 3）以p开头的形容词通常加im- 构成形容词 (im)polite, (im)possible 4）以r开头的形容词通常加ir- 构成形容词 (ir)regular 5）有些形容词加dis- 构成反义词 (dis)honest(3) lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的 He led a lonely life with few friends.【辨析】lonely，alone的用法区别：【一言辨异】 I was travelling alone in the lonely mountain. I didnt feel l

27、onely though I was alone.lonely形容词表语孤独的；寂寞的定语偏僻的；荒凉的alone形容词表语孤单的；孤独的副词状语单独地；独自地跟踪练习：Though his grandparent lives_, he never feel _. A. alone; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. lonely; alone11. She needs friendship. need: 此处为实义动词，意为“需要”。后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式。 E.g.: They dont need any help. / He

28、needs to have a good rest. 【注意】need后接动词-ing形式时表示被动意义。 The flowers need watering. 【拓展】need 作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 You neednt become very nervous.- Must I bring my homework now? No, you neednt. You can bring it tomorrow.Need 的用法总结实义动词表“需要”，后接名、代、不定式。Need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表“需要”，没有时态、数、人称

29、。其后直接跟动词，用于疑问和否定。12. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien. Continue vt. continue to do/continue doing 继续做某事 They continued to read/reading the book. vi. 继续，连续，延伸 The snow continued for two days. continue with sth. 使某事物继续存在或不断发生 You can continue with your work.13. They have difficulty walkin

30、g or moving. have difficulty (in) doing/have difficulty with sth.I have difficulty in (solving) the problem. 【拓展】have trouble (in) doing 做某事有麻烦; have problems (in) doing 做某事有问题; have fun (in) doing 做某事有乐趣跟踪练习 I have great trouble in _(finish) the work by myself. Could you help me?14. I taught them t

31、o sing because music can bring them joy and peace. bring: 及物动词，意为“带来”。【辨析】bring, take, get, carrybring从某处将某人或某物“带来”，后面常接双宾语来Remember to bring me the pictures.take将某人或某物从说话人处“带到”另一处去I wont take you there.get去某处将某人或某物“带到”说话人处去来Please get some paper for me.carry强调“负重”或“搬运”无He carried a baby on his back.跟踪练习 Please _ the book to Mr. Black when you go to see him, OK? A. take B. bring C. get D. carry15. We need to help children l