1、历年专业英语八级考试真题及答案 192014年专业英语八级考试真题及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a
2、 gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatical
3、ly and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Now, listen to the mini-lecture.How to Reduce StressLife is full of things that cause us sress. Though we may not likestress, we have to live with it.I. Definition of stressA. (1
4、) reactioni.e.force exerted between two touching bodiesB. human reactioni.e. response to (2) on someonee.g. increase in breathing, heart rate, (3) ,or muscle tensionII. (4) ,A. positive stresswhere it occurs: Christmas, wedding, (5)B. negative stresswhere it occurs: test-taking situations, friends d
5、eathIII. Ways to cope with stressA. recoginition of stress signalsmonitor for (6) of stressfind ways to protect oneselfB. attention to body demandeffect of (7)C. planning and acting appropriatelyreason for planning(8) of planningD. learning to (9)e.g. dlay caused by trafficE. pacing activitiesmanage
6、able task(10)SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 secon
7、ds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. According to the interviewer, which of the following best indicates the relationship between choice and mobility?A. Better education greater mobilitymore choices.B. Better educationmore choicesgreater mobility.C. Greate
8、r mobilitybetter educationmore choices.D. Greater mobilitymore choicesbetter education.2. According to the interview, which of the following details about the first poll is INCORRECT?A. Shorter work hours was least chosen for being most important.B. Chances for advancement might have been favoured b
9、y young people.C. High income failed to come on top for being most important.D. Job security came second according to the poll results.3. According to the interviewee, which is the main difference between the first and the second poll?A. The type of respondents who were invited.B. The way in which t
10、he questions were designed.C. The content area of the questions.D. The number of poll questions.4. What can we learn from the respondents answers to items 2, 4 and 7 in the second poll?A. Recognition from colleagues should be given less importance.B. Workers are always willing and ready to learn mor
11、e new skills.C. Psychological reward is more important than material one.D. Work will have to be made interesting to raise efficiency.5. According to the interviewee, which of the following can offer both psychological and monetary benefits?A. Contact with many people.B. Chances for advancement.C. A
12、ppreciation from coworkers.D. Chances to learn new skills.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following new
13、s. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. According to the news item, sleepboxes are designed to solve the problems ofA. airports.B. passengers.C. architects.D. companies.7. Which of the following is NOT true with reference to the
14、news?A. Sleepboxes can be rented for different lengths of time.B. Renters of normal height can stand up inside.C. Bedding can be automatically changed.D. Renters can take a shower inside the box.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to a
15、nswer the question.Now listen to the news.8. What is the news item mainly about?A. Londons preparations for the Notting Hill Carnival.B. Main features of the Notting Hill Carnival.C. Polices preventive measures for the carnival.D. Police participation in the carnival.Questions 9 and 10 are based on
16、the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9. The news item reports on a research finding aboutA. the Dutch famine and the Dutch women.B. early malnutrition and heart health.C. the causes of death during the famine.D.
17、nutrition in childhood and adolescence.10. When did the research team carry out the study?A. At the end of World War II.B. Between 1944 and 1945.C. In the 1950s.D. In 2007.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)TEXT AMy class at Harvard Business School helps students understand what good management t
18、heory is and how it is built. In each session, we look at one company through the lenses of different theories, using them to explain how the company got into its situation and to examine what action will yield the needed results. On the last day of class, I asked my class to turn those theoretical
19、lenses on themselves to find answers to two questions: First, How can I be sure Ill be happy in my career? Second, How can I be sure my relationships with my spouse and my family will become an enduring source of happiness? Here are some management tools that can be used to help you lead a purposefu
20、l life.1. Use Your Resources Wisely. Your decisions about allocating your personal time, energy, and talent shape your lifes strategy. I have a bunch of “businesses” that compete for these resources: Im trying to have a rewarding relationship with my wife, raise great kids, contribute to my communit
21、y, succeed in my career, and contribute to my church. And I have exactly the same problem that a corporation does. I have a limited amount of time, energy and talent. How much do I devote to each of these pursuits?Allocation choices can make your life turn out to very different from what you intende
22、d. Sometimes thats good: opportunities that you have never planned for emerge. But if you dont invest your resources wisely, the outcome can be bad. As I think about my former classmates who inadvertently invested in lives of hollow unhappiness, I cant help believing that their troubles related righ
23、t back to a short-term perspective.When people with a high need for achievement have an extra half hour of time or an extra ounce of energy, theyll unconsciously allocate it to activities that yield the most tangible accomplishments. Our careers provide the most concrete evidence that were moving fo
24、rward. You ship a product, finish a design, complete a presentation, close a sale teach a class, publish a paper, get paid, get promoted. In contrast, investing time and energy in your relationships with your spouse and children typically doesnt offer the same immediate sense of achievement. Kids mi
25、sbehave every day. Its really not until 20 years down the road that you can say, “I raised a good son or a good daughter.” You can neglect your relationship with your spouse and on a daily basis it doesnt seem as if thing are deteriorating. People who are driven to excel have this unconscious propen
26、sity to under invest in their families and overinvest in their careers, even though intimate and loving family relationships are the most powerful and enduring source of happiness.If you study the root causes of business disasters, over and over youll find this predisposition toward endeavors that o
27、ffer immediate gratification. If you look at personal lives through that lens, youll see that same stunning and sobering pattern: people allocating fewer and fewer resources to the things they would have once said mattered most.2. Create A Family Culture. Its one thing to see into the foggy future w
28、ith a acuity and chart the course corrections a company must make. But its quite another to persuade employees to line up and work cooperatively to take the company in that new direction.When there is little agreement, you have to use “power tools” coercion, threats, punishments and so on, to secure
29、 cooperation. But if employees ways of working together succeed over and over, consensus begins to form. Ultimately, people dont even think about whether their way yields success. They embrace priorities and follow procedures by instinct and assumption rather than by explicit decision, which means t
30、hat theyve created a culture. Culture, in compelling but unspoken ways, dictates the proven, acceptable methods by which member s of a group address recurrent problems. And culture defines the priority given to different types of problems. It can be a powerful management tool.I use this model to add
31、ress the question, How can I be my family becomes an enduring source of happiness? My students quickly see that the simplest way parents can elicit cooperation from children is to wield power tools. But there comes a point during the teen years when power tools no longer work. At that point, parents
32、 start wishing they had begun working with their children at a very young age to build a culture in which children instinctively behave respectfully toward one another, obey their parents, and choose the right thing to do. Families have cultures, just a companies do. Those cultures can be built consciously.If you want your kids to have strong self-esteem and the confidence that they can solve hard problems, those qualities wont magical
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