《英语教学法教程》.docx

1、英语教学法教程一名合格的英语教师，不仅要具备扎实的语言基本功，掌握必要的语言基本知识和基本技能，具有较强的语言交际能力，而且还要掌握一定的教育基本理论和教学基本技能，既能够根据实际需要选择并运用恰当的教学方法和技巧，具备课堂管理的能力与评价的能力，同时具有驾驭教材的能力。而这些能力的形成都基于我们对语言的认识和对语言学习过程的认识。这些正是我们制作英语教学法网络课件的目的所在。 本网络课件以英语教学法教程（王蔷:2000）为基本素材，又补充了新近的教学改革理念以及大量的语言教学材料供英语教师和师范类英语专业学生学习参考。 An Instruction to ELT MethodologyI.

2、The Concept of MethodologyQuestion 1:What is Methodology and what aspect does it cover?It is a course in English Language Teaching.It may help you to become a good language teacher. It is aimed at introducing some teaching theories and practical methods to English teachers. It deals with language an

3、d language learning and teaching.It provides with knowledge of lesson planning and classroom management.It focuses on the teaching of language components; that is, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar.It also focuses on the teaching of the four language skills; that is, listening, speaking, reading

4、 and writing.It shows how these language components and skills are taught and practiced in and out of the classroom.It is about language assessmentIt introduces the users of the book to the evaluation, selection and adaptation of textbooks and so on.It also shows how teachers will be able to integra

5、te these areas, language components and the teaching of the four language skills (or five: plus translation).Question 2:Why are our children/people learning English?They have to pass the examinations.They can help foreign visitors.Its necessary if they want to enter university.Learning a foreign lan

6、guage is an intellectual challenge.They can use computers more easily.They need to keep in touch with what is going on in their profession worldwide.English will be very important to get a job in trade.English will be useful for them to travel abroad.They will be able to read and listen to in Englis

7、h. This can improve their knowledge of the world.Of course, there are no right or wrong answers. But what they are doing in the English class is gaining skills that might help them in life. Question 3:How do/did you study English?Different students study in different ways. All roads lead to Rome/Eng

8、lish.Question 4:How was English taught in the past? The following questions may help you to answer the former question.What happened at the beginning of each lesson?How did you have to prepare for the lesson?How did you feel during your lesson?What step did the teacher follow?What did you & the teac

9、her do in class?How much homework did you have?What did you enjoy most about your classes?Here is something that you should always keep in mind as a teacher:Your relationship with your students and with the subject you are teaching will always have an important effect on the students learning.Questi

10、on 5What is language? Language is a means of communication with other people.Question 6:So what is the aim or purpose of language teaching?Communication. Question 7:How many language teaching methods or approaches do you know?the grammar-translation methodthe direct methodthe audio-lingual method th

11、e situational language teachingthe cognitive approach the silent waythe total physical response methodthe communicative approachthe natural approachthe functional-notional method, etc.II. Current Teaching Methods and ApproachesIn current language classes in China, it is very popular to apply the fol

12、lowing teaching methods, which are more popular and practical:1.The objective teaching methodIts 3 key elements: Teaching Objectives, objective activities and teaching evaluation.2.Five-step Teaching Method(1) Revision (2) Presentation (3) Drill (4) Practice (5) ConsolidationEach class contains at l

13、east 3 parts:Review learned language materialsTeach new language components: phonetics, vocabulary and grammar.Carry out various forms of 4 skills activities.3. The Integral Teaching MethodIt is quite similar to the communicative approach, which will be discussed in detail and fully in Unit 2.Questi

14、on 8:What is a good language teacher?A good English teacher should have (strong) ethic devotion, (certain desirable) personal style and (necessary) professional qualities. E.D. P.S. P.Q.Question 9:How can you become a good language teacher? Language training: a sound command of EnglishLearn from oth

15、ers experienceLearn received knowledge, such as language theories, methodology, education, psychology, etc.Learn from ones own experiencePractice makes perfectKeep on reflecting on work, etc.III. The Evaluation of a Teacher in SchoolMoral characterAbilityWork attendanceAchievementAnd some other soci

16、al elements:A formula that may make a VIT (very important teacher):IQ EQ = VIT/VIPIV. Four Basic Skills/Abilities of a Teacher1.Lesson planning (Prepare lessons creatively and imaginatively)2.Lesson presenting (Present lessons practically and theoretically)3.Lesson teaching (Teach lessons effectivel

17、y and efficiently)4.Lesson assessing (Assess lessons objectively and impartially)That is to say, first, prepare your lesson well; second, make clear about your lesson to others; third, carry out your lesson plan well and fourth evaluate your lesson appropriately.V. ConsiderationWhat have you learned

18、 in this lecture?What can be the most useful to you?What do you think you can apply to your teaching?How will you intend to deal with the problems if you have any in this course?What problems do you think you will meet with in your teaching? And how will you deal with them?VI. General assignment for

19、 this course:Be clear about how to prepare, teach, present and evaluate a lesson, and prepare for the final exam.Unit1 Language and Learning1.1 Question 1What is the challenge the languageteacher is confronted with?Learners: Different reasons/ways/understanding/capabilities/ Different language level

20、sThe challenge that the language teacher is confronted with is how teaching methodology can cater for learners who have more differences than commonalities.1.2 Question 2What is the question that all approaches of language teaching should answer?The question is “What is language?” Question 3What are

21、 the three different views of language that language teaching and learning practice have been influenced by? They are the structural view, the functional view and the interactional view.Question 4How does the structural view see language?How does the functional view see language?How does the interac

22、tional view see language? The structural view sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems. To learn a language means to learn these structural items so as to be able to understand and produce language.The functional view sees language as a linguistic system but also as a means

23、 of doing things. Learners learn a language in order to be able to do things with functional activities.The interactional view considers language as a communicative tool, whose main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people. The learner has to study the patterns and rules of la

24、nguage above the sentence level to learn how language is used in different speech context.1.3 Question 5The language learning theory underlies a teaching approach or method. This theory can be broadly divided into two kinds:What are Process-oriented theories concerned with? How the mind processes ne

25、w information.What do Condition-oriented theories emphasize?The nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place.Question 6What is the behaviorist theory of language learning?Behavioral psychologist Skinner, based on the theory of conditioning, suggested language is al

26、so a form of behavior. It can be learned in the same way as an animal is trained to respond to stimuli. This theory of learning is referred to as behaviorism, which has three major stages, “stimulus, response, and reinforcement (Harmer)”. The idea of this method is that language is learned by consta

27、nt repetition and the reinforcement of the teacher (e.g.: the audio-lingual method.)What is the Cognitive theory of language learning?The term cognitivism is often used loosely to describe methods in which students are asked to think rather than simply repeat. The key point of Chomskys theory is ref

28、lected in his most famous question: if all language is learned behavior, how can a child produce a sentence that has never been said by others before? So language is not a form of behavior, it is an intricate rule-based system and a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.C

29、an a person whose English is very good become a qualified teacher?1.4 Question 7How many groups of elements can contribute to the qualities of a good language teacher? And what are they?3 groups: ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal styles(More adjectives: E.D Group: co-operative,resp

30、onsible,devotional,diligent,dood-conducting,faithful,honest,frankP.S Group: communicative sociable, imaginative, tidy and neat, active , good-tempered, friendly, graceful (handsome).P.Q Group: knowledgeable, stimulating, inspiring, observant, skillful, equal, experienced1.5 Question 8How many stages

31、 does the development of professional competence for a language involve? And what are they? 3 stages:language training others experience/received knowledge/own experience practice reflection professional competence (goal)Professional competence is “a moving target”, towards which professionals travel all their professional life but which is never finally attained.Question 9What is “pseudo practice”?It is a short period of time assigned for student teachers to do teaching practice as part of their education, usually under the supervision of their