医学英语词根词缀全套整合.docx

1、医学英语词根词缀全套整合医学英语词根词缀SuffixMeaningExample-acpertaining to属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart心脏（病）的-alpertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicine-arpertaining tomolecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-arypertaining tobelonging tociliary: pertaining to the cilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-aseenzyme 酶amylase: any enz

2、yme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶-clesmallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小囊,(头发的)毛囊-ean instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜-ealpertaining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-iacondition; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕-icpertaini

3、ng totoxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; name of a sciencepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学-ine/insubstance 物质insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素-ismprocess or conditionalcoholism: excessive drinking of a

4、lcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes in精通于的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家-itisinflammation refers to a part in部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelation to a whole; related to与相关endometrium: inner lining of the u

5、ter子宫内膜-ivecharacterizes byantitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳药-lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an actiondevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature-oidresembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus粘液样的-olelittle; smallc

6、entriole: the small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor; swelling refers to a doerdermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereither a person or thingreceptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受体-orycharacterized by; pertaining tosuspe

7、nsory: which is hanging down悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖-osisabnormal conditiononychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲-ouspertaining topoisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome: the body of nucleic

8、acid核糖体-umstructure; thing; substance结构，物质magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属元素）-ycondition; act; processdystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; con

9、ditionarthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛-aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌-celeprotrusion; distention突出；

10、膨胀，延伸esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出-centesissurgical puncture 手术穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clastcell

11、phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张)atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张-ectomysurgical excision or removal ofgastrectomy: surgical

12、removal of the stomach胃切除术-edemaexcessive accumulation of serous fluid 水肿myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病-e

13、mesisvomiting 呕吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血-gensomething that produced or prouducespathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原体-genesisproduction 生产spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生-globinprotein蛋白质hemoglobin: an iron-c

14、ontaining protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosi

15、s of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心电图-graph(y)process of recording记录过程electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录-iasiscondition; state情况，状况cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症-iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refe

16、rs to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支podiatry: treatment of foot disorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石-logythe study ofcytology: the science study of cells 细胞学-logistone who studies and treatsurologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of u

17、rology 泌尿科医生-lysisbreakdown, destructionhemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化-maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation强迫症kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖-megalygiantacro

18、megaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症-metry/-metermeasurementspirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapaincardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，

19、胸痛-onehormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检-osismorbid condition病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmiasme

20、llanosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失-ostomyprocess of making an opening into or a connection between造瘘gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术-oxialevel of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues组织缺氧-p

21、athydisease; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pexya fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displac

22、e liver肝固定术-phagia/phagyeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难-philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasiaformation; developmenthyperplasia: overdev

23、elopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，数量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难-plasmformation; growth or substance of formationcytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆-plastysurgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术-plegiastroke; paralysis 中风thermopleg

24、ia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病-pneabreathingeupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸-ptosisa falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂-ptysisspitting分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造

25、血作用，生血作用-rrhage/-rrhagiabursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经过多-rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢-(o)rrhexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝气amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniot

26、ic ac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissueliposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppression of discharge阻碍；抑制排放uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留-sclerosisa hardeningdermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病-scopeinstrument for viewingste

27、thoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculation听诊器-scopyprocess of examining visuallyhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查-spasminvoluntary contractionangiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛-stasissuppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止hemostasis: the

28、arrest of bleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德异常狭窄laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄-stomysurgical opening to the outside of the body造口colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon结肠造口术-tentionpressurehypertention: high blood pressure

29、高血压-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理疗法-tionprocesshospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生产embryotocia: abortion 流产-tometool for incisionarthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀-tomyprocess of cutting intogastrotomy: incisi

30、on of the stomach 胃切开术-tropiaturning 转弯，变向esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视-trophynourishment or development of an organ器官的营养、发育dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism营养不良-uriaa condition of the urine（小便）dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难-versionturningeversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without; notaphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失语症