最全面人教版八年级下册英语第八单元知识点归纳总结.docx

1、最全面人教版八年级下册英语第八单元知识点归纳总结Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?一、词汇与短语 重点单词A部分1treasure 珠宝；财富 n.2gun 枪；炮 n.3island 岛 n.4mark 迹象,记号,分数n. 做记号,打分 v.5classic 经典作品；名著 n.6sand 沙滩；沙 n.7page (书刊或纸张的)页，面，张 n.8towards 朝；向；对着 prep.9hurry 匆忙；赶快 v.10land 陆地；大地 n.11due 预期；预定 adj.12fiction 小说 n.13ship 船 n.14tech

2、nology 科技；工艺 n.15tool 工具 n.16French 法语 n.B部分1pop 流行音乐；流行乐曲 n.2success 成功 n.3rock 摇滚乐 n.4belong 属于；归属 v.5band 乐队 n.6laughter 几笑；笑声 n.7forever 永远 adv.8beauty 美；美丽 n.9abroad 在国外；到国外 adv.10million 一百万 num.11actually 真实地；事实上 adv.12record 唱片, 记录n. 录制, 录音 v.13fan 迷；狂热爱好者 n.14introduce 介绍；引见 v.15southern 南方

3、的 adj.16line 行；排 n.17modern 现代的；当代的 adj. 重点短语A部分1hurry up 赶快；急忙2go out to sea 出海3science fiction 科幻小说4an island full of treasures满是金银财宝的岛5full of 满是的;大量的;丰富的6live in the United Kingdom 住在英国7write about 写下8grow up 长大；成长9put down 放下10on page 25 在第25页11at least 至少12wait for 等待13the book report 读书报告14be

4、 due in two weeks 两周到期15bring back 带回；取回16arrive on this island 到达这座岛17lose ones life 失去生命18go out with ones gun 带枪出去19killfor 为杀20grow fruit and vegetables 种植水果和蔬菜21the marks of 的足迹22on the sand 在沙滩上23who else 还有谁24how long 多长时间25live with sb. 和某人住在一起26a broken ship 一艘破船27run towards 向跑去28a piece o

5、f land 一块土地29travel in the sea 在大海中航行30in the middle of 在中间31leave behind 留下B部分1country music 乡村音乐2pop music 流行音乐3one another/each other 互相4the number of 的数量5study abroad 在国外学习6fight over sth. with sb. 因某事和某人打架7be full of=be filled with 充满8on the radio在收音机上9ever since 自从10the home of country music乡村

6、音乐的故乡11belong to 属于12bring sb. back to 带某人回到13remind sb. that 提醒某人14in life在人生中15the beauty of nature 大自然的美16have been to 去过17read a lot about 读很多关于18do some research on sth.对某事/某物做研究19sing live 现场演唱20introduceto 把介绍给 重点句子A部分1Have you read Little Women yet? 你读过小妇人吗？No,I havent .Have you? 不, 我没有。你读过吗

7、？2Ive already finished reading it! 我已经读完它了！3One of them died but the other ran towards my house.其中一个人死了，但是另一个人朝我的房子跑过来。4How long have they been here? 他们在这里多长时间了？5She cant wait to read this book. 她迫不及待地要读这本书。6It was really good, so I couldnt put it down. 它真的很好, 所以我对它爱不释手。7You should hurry up. The boo

8、k report is due in two weeks.你应该快点儿。读书报告两周后必须交。B部分1The Toms must be popular. 汤姆乐队一定很受欢迎。2She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她逐渐意识到她实际上是多么思念他们。3Listening to music is a good way to wake up. 听音乐是清醒的一种好方法。4The number of people in the band is ten. 这支乐队的人数是十人。5However,country mus

9、ic brings us back to the good old days when people were kind to each other and trusted one another. 然而，乡村音乐带我们回到“过去的美好时光”，那时人们彼此友好、相互信任。6Sarah hasnt been to Nashville yet, but it is her dream to go there one day.萨拉还没有去过纳什维尔，但是她梦想有一天能去那里。7I hope to see him sing live one day! 我希望有一天能看到他现场演唱！8He used t

10、o fight over small things with others. 他过去常常因小事和别人争吵。 重点单词变形A部分1fullempty/hungry (反义词)2hurryhurried (过去式)3landsea (对应词)4science (名词)scientific (形容词)5French (形容词/名词)France (名词)B部分1actual (形容词)actually (副词)2south (名词)southern (形容词)3introduce (动词)introduction (名词)4beauty (名词)beautiful (形容词)beautifully

11、(副词)5success (名词)successful (形容词)succeed (动词)二、语法知识点A部分知识点1现在完成时 现在完成时的定义 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。eg：Its so dark. 太黑了。Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。（有人把灯关了，对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑） 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since加过去时间间点；for+一段时间，so far等时间状语连用。eg：I have lived here for ten years. 我已经住在这里10年了。（从

12、10年前开始，持续到现在还住在这儿）I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。（从2003年开始，持续到现在还住在这儿） 现在完成时的构成及句式转换 肯定句：主语+助动词have/has+过去分词+其他.eg：I have bought lots of books about Western customs. 我买了许多有关西方风俗的书。He has been to the Great Wall. 他去过长城。They have already seen the film. 他们已经看过这部电影了。 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词

13、+其他.eg：The Simpsons havent been to Canada since the day they left.从离开那天起，辛普森一家就再也没去过加拿大。Eric hasnt got his plane tickets yet. 埃里克还没有买到飞机票。 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/has.否定回答：No, 主语+have/has not.eg：Have you read Journey to the West? 你读过西游记吗？Yes, I have.是的，我已经看了。/ No,I havent. 不，我还没看

14、过。Has she lived here for 2 years? 她在这里住了两年了吗？Yes, she has. 是的，他住两年了。/No, she hasnt. 不，他没有住两年。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他?eg：How long have you been here? 你到这儿多久了？How many times have you been to the Great Wall? 你去过长城几次？Which book have you read? 你读过哪本书？Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.白雪公主和七个小矮人。 过

15、去分词变化形式。(直 去 双 改 特)变化规则例词一般情况下直接加-edworkworkedjumpjumpedlooklooked以不发音字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d(去e加ed也可以)likelikedliveliveduseused以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加-edstopstoppedplanplannedshopshopped以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，要先改“y”为“i”，再加-ed，以元音字母加“y”结尾的动词，直接加-edstudystudiedcarrycarriedplayplayed常用不规则动词过去式与过去分词（更多参见教科书不规

16、则动词变化表）【特】现在式过去式过去分词现在式过去式过去分词let让letletlie躺laylainlose遗失lostlostmake 做mademademeet遇见metmetpay支付paidpaidread 读readreadrise上升roserisenrun跑ranrunsay说saidsaidbeat打，敲beatbeatenbecome成为becamebecomebegin开始beganbegunbite 咬bitbitten/bitblow吹blewblownbreak打破brokebrokenbring携带broughtbroughtbuild建造builtbuiltbu

17、rn燃烧burned/burntburned/burntbuy买boughtboughtcatch捉caughtcaughtchoose选择chosechosencome来camecomedrink 喝drankdrunkdrive驾驶drovedriveneat吃ateeatenfall落下fellfallenfeed喂fedfedfeel觉得feltfeltfight打架foughtfoughtfind找foundfoundfly飞flewflownforget 忘记forgotforgottenforgive原谅forgaveforgivenget获得gotgotten/gotgive给

18、gavegivengo去wentgonegrow生长grewgrownhang 挂hunghunghear 听heardheardhit击hithithold 持heldheldhurt伤害hurthurtkeep保持keptkeptknow知道knewknownlay放置laidlaidlead引导ledledlearn学习learned/learntlearned/learntleave离开leftleftlend借出lentlentsee看见sawseensell 售soldsoldsend 送sentsentshine照耀shone/shinedshone/shinedshoot发射s

19、hotshotsing唱歌sangsungsit坐下satsatsleep睡觉sleptsleptsmell 嗅smelt/smelledsmelt/smelledspeak 说spokespokenspell拼写spelt/spelledspelt/spelledspend花费spentspentstand站立stoodstoodsteal偷窃stolestolensweep扫除sweptsweptswim游泳swamswumswing摇摆swungswungtake拿，握tooktakenteach 教taughttaughttear 撕toretorntell告诉toldtoldthin

20、k 想thoughtthoughtthrow 投threwthrownunderstand理解understoodunderstoodwear 穿worewornwin赢wonwonwrite 写wrotewritten 现在完成时标志词现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last year，in 1980，three days ago，just now，when I came in等。现在完成时标志词有：already“已然”，ever“曾经”，just“刚刚”，so far“至今”，yet“已经、还”，before“以前”，for+时间段“之久”，since+加

21、时间点/一个过去式的句子“自从（到现在）”。 already“已经”，常用于肯定句中，动词过去分词前，也可放句末。eg：I have already read this storybook. 我已经读过这本故事书了。Ive washed my clothes already. 我已经洗了衣服。Have you met him already ? 表示吃惊等感情色彩时,already也可用于疑问句（口语）你（真的）已经见过他了? yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，放在句尾。eg：Has he found his watch yet? 他已经找到他的手表了吗？No, not

22、yet. 不，还没有。The woman hasnt found her dog yet. 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。 just意为“刚刚”，放在动词过去分词之前。而just now“刚刚”，用于句尾，且代表“一般过去时”。eg：He has just come back from school. 他刚从学校回来。（现在完成时）I finished my homework just now. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。（一般过去时） so far意为“倒现在为止；迄今为止”, 意义和用法相同的还有up to now，up till now放在句首或句尾。eg：I have travelled b

23、y train three times so far. 到现在为止，我已乘火车旅行三次了。=so far, I have travelled by train three times. ever意为“曾经”，放在动词的过去分词之前。eg：Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾去过北京吗？I havent ever spoken to her. 我未曾和她说过话。 before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，eg：Have you been to Shanghai before ? 你以前去过上海吗？I havent eaten Sichuan f

24、ood before.我以前没吃过四川菜。 since意为“自从（到现在）”，后面要加时间点，或一个过去式的句子，用于过去完成时。eg：since 1984 自从1984年 since yesterday 自从昨天since 10 years ago 自从10年前 since I was 10 自从我10岁的时候since three years ago 从三年前开始 since she was a little girl自从她还是个小女孩He has been away since last week. 他从上星期起就不在了。 for “之久”，后面要加上时间段，用于过去完成时。eg：for

25、 over twenty years 二十多年了 for about two days 大约两天之久for half a month 半个月之久 for two years 两年了He has been away for one week. 他已经离开一个星期了。口诀记忆：句尾：since，for，yet动前：ever，just动前句尾：alreadyso far 前后，before后，现在完成已看透。2already与yetalready“已经”，常用于肯定句中，动词过去分词前，也可放句末。already也可用于疑问句，表示吃惊等感情色彩时yetyet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意

26、为“还”，放在句尾。eg：Ive already read it. 我已经读过它了We have already finished the work. 我们已经完成了这项工作。Have you met him already ?Has he found his watch yet? 他已经找到他的手表了吗？No, not yet. 不，还没有。The woman hasnt found her dog yet. 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。3full offull of是形容词短语，意为“满是的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的”，在句中作后置定语，也可在句中充当状语或表语。eg：Oliver Twi

27、st is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.雾都孤儿是关于一个男孩儿出海，并发现了一个满是宝藏的岛屿（的故事）。He received several baskets full of apples. 他收到了几个装满苹果的篮子。Robinson stared at the footprint, full of fear. 鲁滨逊盯着那个脚印，满怀恐惧。Her eyes were full of tears. 她的眼里充满了泪水。full形容词“忙的”形容词“满的、充满的”常用短语为be

28、full of，相当于be filled with,意为“充满”。形容词“饱的”其反义词是hungry,意为“饥饿的”fillfill用作及物动词，意为“（使）充满；装满”。fillwith意为“用填充/装满”。常见短语：be full of=be filled with 充满eg：He was too full to have time for hobbies. 他太忙了，以至于没有培养业余爱好的时间。Hotels are often full at this time of year. 在一年中的这个时候，旅馆经常客满。The room is full of people=The room is filled with people. 房间里挤满了人I cant eat any more. I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。补充：be filled with= be full of意为“充满；装满”。full形容词，意为“满的”，其反义词为empty意为“空的”。empty还可作动词，意为“倒空”。eg：Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 接下来，用这种面包混合配料装满火鸡。The boy filled the