人教英语八年级上册第一单元至第十单元知识点重点笔记.docx

1、人教英语八年级上册第一单元至第十单元知识点重点笔记Unit 1 where did you go on vacationImportant phrases: (重点短语）1.去夏令营 2.买一些特别的东西 3.为考试准备 4.跟某人外出 5.去纽约市 6.好久不见7.度假 8.去某个有趣的地方 9.大多数时间10.给母鸡喂食 11.除一无所有 12.当然，自然13.似乎有点无聊 14记日记 15.令人愉快地活动16.到达 17.决定去海边 18.尝试滑翔伞运动19.感觉像一只小鸟 20.想要骑车 21.中国商人的房子22.在过去 23许多古老的建筑 24步行到山顶25.开始下雨 26.等了一个

2、多小时的火车 27.下大雨28.忘记带一把雨伞 29.又湿又冷 30.因为恶劣的天气31.带着足够的钱 32.足够大 33.好像有点饿34.与一样好 35 不如-好 36.照了相当多的相片37.停下来喝水 38.继续前进 39.激动地跳跃40.二十分钟后 41.如此-以至于 42.升起43.发现- 44.尝起来很好吃 45.尽力去做某事46.停止做某事 47.不喜欢做某事 48.继续做某事49.一碗米饭 50为某人买某物 重点句子where did you go on vacationgo on vacation 去度假2Visited my uncle重点:visit为及物动词，“拜访，探望

3、，参观，游览”后接人或地点改错Did you visit in china3. Did you buy anything special1）buy 的过去式为boughtbuy sb.=buy sb sth.我为Tom买了一个礼物2）anything 不定代词“某物，某事”主要用于疑问句和否定句中一旦anything用于可定句中，则意为“任何事，任何东西”Eg You can ask me anything you want to know3)形容词修饰不定代词要后置,did you go anything interesting这是一般过去时中不含was/were的句子在变一般疑问句时，需用

4、助动词did。Anywhere 用作副词，“任何地方”辨析：anywhere 和somewhere anywhere“任何地方”否定句和疑问句I cant find it anywhereSomewhere“在某出”，常用语肯定句I lost my key somewhere near here5 we took quite a few photos theretake photos “拍照”quite a few与 quite a littlequite a few相当多 修饰可数名词复数quite a little 许多 相当多 修饰不可数名词6 most of “大多数，大部分”作主语时

5、谓语动词取决于后所修饰的名词 tasted really good！Taste 为连系动词 “尝起来”回忆五个感官动词它们分别是： 、 、 、 。后需加什么词性的词 EgDoes the soup taste -Yes Its hot,but really delicious.A badly B well C good D bad did you like it你觉得它怎么样=What do you think of=How do you feel about9Did you go shoppinggo+doing”去做某事”运动或休闲go climbing go hiking go camp

6、ing10 I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my familyfriends farm名词所有格单数名词加s 复数名词词尾没有s 也要加sLilys pen womens shoes复数名词以s结尾的 直接加两个名词并列 若都有s 表示分别有，若一个有s表示共有11 The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but readnothing much to do “没什么事可做”nothing .but“只有”but 后跟动词原形12

7、 Still no one seemed to be boredSeem 用法seem+形容词“看起来”seem+ to do”好像做某事”I seem to have a coldIt seems/seemed+that “似乎”bored与boring的区别13 I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning arrive 不及物动词 后加in（大地方 国家 省 市）at(小地方 机场 商店等)4 .so we decided to go to the beachdecideto do “觉得去做某事”decide+疑问词+不定式decide wh

8、en to leave14try doing尝试做try to do尽力做15 feel like 1)”给.的感觉；感受到”I feel like I was a bird2)想要. 相当于would like后接名词、代词、动名词Do you feel like taking a talk with me .16 I wonder what life was like here in the pastwonder为及物动词“想知道”后接who what why17 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某

9、事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 18 what a difference a day makes! what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句的区别：different 与difference区别：19we waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people1)wait for “等候”2)over “超过，多于”相当于 more than3)too many接名词复数 “太多”too much不可数名

10、词“太多”可修饰动词Dont talk too muchmuch too”太”The hat is much too big for me19because of名词代词动名词不可加句子because加从句20 巧记enough的句中位置修饰名词 ，可前 可后 修饰副词形容词只后置I know him well enough21 21Why not do. sth.为什么不做呢 22 so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于造句我们学校如此美丽以至于每个人都喜欢23everyone in our class took a bag with some foodwith”具有 带有”Eg Id

11、like some coffee milkA with B in C toD for 一般过去时 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式： am,is-was are-were,do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave, get-got, go-went,

12、 come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, buy-boughtswim-swam, sit-sat bring-brought can-could cut-cutbecome-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-foundforget-for

13、got hear-heard keep-kept know-knewlearn-learnt（learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sleep-slept speak-spoke take-tookteach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke用所给动词的适当形式填空 and Mary _ (come) to China last month. _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get ) up late.

14、 _ (read) English yesterday morning. _ (be) no one here a moment ago. _ (call) Mike this morning. listened but _ (hear) nothing. _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV l

15、ast night. your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year12. What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterdayWe _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. _ (make) him cry (哭) just now year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun. _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) _ not eno

16、ugh people to pick apples that day. ( be) _ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not) _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there _ to Japan last week. ( move)20. When _ you _ (come) to China - Last year. she _ (have) supper at home _ (not clean) the room just now. (be) it cold in y

17、our city yesterday many people _ (be) there in your class last term _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it.27. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.28. _ he _ (finish) his homework last

18、night29. I_(be) tired yesterday.30. I _(gain ) Arts degree last year.31. What _ you _ (do) last night32. My grandfather _ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.33. What _ he _ (do) yesterday34. Last week I _ (buy) a new bike.35. He _ (be) here just now.36. He _ (not find ) his key last night.37. My

19、 father _ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday.38. _ you _ (finish) your homework yesterday39. I _ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.40. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present.【参考答案】 2. didnt go got 3. read 4. was 5. called t do t watch 11. Did go get got 13. made 14. told 16. were t t clean w

20、ere had finish do do t find finish t giveUnit2 How often do you exerciseSection A知识讲解一. help with housework 帮助做家务 1. help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事” 2. help sb. with sth. = help sb. _ sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him _ his English. = I often help him _ English. 我经常帮他学习英语。 【拓展】1. help oneself to 请随便吃/喝Plea

21、se help yourself to some cakes. 2. cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事I cant help falling in love with that girl. 我情不自禁爱上那个女孩。二housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。 1. They have housework to do. A. many B. much 三. sometimes 有时辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some timesometimes 有时候。=at times= from time to time也是“有时”

22、的意思。some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 练习： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。四. hardly ever 几乎不 比较： h

23、ard、hardly和hardly everhard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”， 位于动词之后。This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬，挖不动。They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作，以求得成功。Hardly 副词，意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后，不表示频率。常用来修饰表示能力的词，如can, could等。He can hardly play football. 他几乎不会打篮球。The

24、re is hardly any coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了hardly ever是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not, seldom。 练习： There is _ _food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。 He _ _ . 他几乎不工作。 He _ _. 他工作努力。五Whats your favorite. =What. do you like best你最喜欢的.是什么 s your favorite animal你最喜欢的动物是什么 = _ 六. free 意为“空闲的，有空的”反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，有空”

25、 eg:：He is free now.他现在有空。 拓展：free还可译为“免费的” Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免费的。七 quite full 很忙，相当忙.1. adj. full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。 反义词是empty，意为“空的”。 Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻译_. 拓展：A be full of B. = A be fill with B; A中充满了B。 The room is full of students. The bus is full of people.The hall is

26、 _ people. A. fill with B. full with C. filled of D. filled with adj. “饱的”。 其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。Are you hungry or full你饿了还是饱了 Eg：I cant eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。八 maybe “也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe 和may be maybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you are right. 也

27、许你是对的。may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也许是对的。 Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。 =_ 九.at least 意为“至少”。其反义词为at most “最多”。 Eg：There are at least 1,500 students in our school. _。十. how often意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/three times a day(一天一/两/三次)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，very often(经常)等。How often do you watch TV 你多久看一次电视【拓展】词语词义用法答语特征how long多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often, twice a week等how soon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+一段时间how far多远询问距离多远ten minutes walk