改错题技巧.docx

1、改错题技巧新型高考英语改错题的解题技巧新型高考改错题是继新课改以来，为了适应新课改的改革要求，灵活考察高三学生的英语语言知识水平，测试学生对语言词汇、语言习惯、固定搭配、惯有句型以及语法、整篇大意的理解和把握而新设的一道综合测试题。这道新题型的特点具有起点高、开放性、灵活性强等特点，对高三学生的英语综合知识水平是一道较好的效度较高的测试题。大多属于词语用错，或语法或意义，或固定搭配、句型以及多词或缺词或句式错误。一般错误的项目分布大多有名词、代词、动词、介词、冠词、连词、形容词和副词、非谓语动词以及情态动词等。那么学生应该怎样去做这道题呢？一般来说，应该遵循以下几个方面：1. 先通读短文，从整

2、体上把握短文的大意，确定它是什么题材。如果是记叙文，比如故事日记，时态大多以过去时为主；如果是说明文，比如科普文章，时态大多以现在时为主；如果是书信、议论文，时态多夹杂现在时和过去时。先从整体上做好把握，再逐段、逐行分析。2. 整体通读之后，然后逐段、逐行先意义、后语法来分析。切记首先要意义通顺，然后才观察有无语法错误。3. 在分析时，可在浏览的基础上，根据自己的语言知识，灵活地判断有没有意义出错，有没有句型用错，有没有固定搭配、习惯用法以及大的语法错误。在分析时，可重点注意从句式、以及词类在语法、惯用法、意义上是否出错：4. 特别注意应把握先意义，后语法的原则。5. 改完之后，通读全文，再大

3、致根据自己改过的类别范围订正或找出未改的，订正检查。具体地说，在浏览完体裁、大意、语法之后，特别注意下列情况手否重点出错，着手改正：一句式错误：句式错误主要是不是符合句子结构，比如在一个句子中同时出现两个或两个以上的主语、谓语而没有任何连接词。这个错误都是比较典型的错：比如：a. She sat in the lonely corner, think about something silently. 句式错误，句中同时出现两个谓语，应该将第二个谓语改为伴随状语 thinkingb. The angel then turned to the third man, threw up his ha

4、nds in fear.（NMET2009四川卷） 句式错误。同时出现两个谓语动词。应该在第二个动词threw 前加who,使之成为非限制定语从句。c. Comrade Lei feng did lots of good deeds, set a very good example to us young people all over China. 句式错误，句中同时出现两个谓语动词没有连接词， 应该在set 前加连词and 表示顺承.二词法错误：词法错误主要集中在不同类别的 词在习惯用法和意义上出现 错误。一般情况，应注意 一下下列各类词是否有误： （1）、看名词是否有错 名词一般集中于可

5、数名词是否变化出错，不可数名次随意加复述，固定搭配中的名词有错等。比如：a.Ill get good marks in all my subject. (NMET2001) subjects 可数名词无变化b. I had no difficulties in finding her houses as I had her address. difficulty 固定搭配中不可数名次无需加s (2 ). 代词： 代词的错误主要集中在人称代词是否一致、主宾格错误、物主代词的不一致、指示代词的单复数不一致、反身代词的误用、不定代词的意义理解错误等。比如： a.The smiths did his

6、best to make me feel at home (NMET2001) their 物主代词错误 b. Now someone at home reads instead . (1999NMET)everyone/everybody 不定代词错误 c .I was learning to express me in simple English .(NMET2003)myself 反身代词错误 d.Although this few words sound simple enough ( 2004 广东卷) these 指示代词错误 （3 ） 动词：动词的错误主要集中在动词的时态不一致

7、，有的是单三，有的是过去时；非谓语动词的用法错误; 动词短语的固定搭配、情态动词、系动词、助动词的错误或缺失多余等。比如： a. we have a good time talking and laughing. (NMET1996) 时态错误 had b.Books may be keep for four weeks. (NMET1994) 语态错误 kept c. watch TV demands very little effort. (NMET1999) 非谓语动词中的动名词错误 watching dThey eager to know everything about China.

8、(NMET1996) 缺系动词 were ,缺词e. Well, I had better to stop now. (NMET2009海南、宁夏) 多词 不定式符号to 去掉to，多余（ 4 ） 冠词 ：冠词一般出现大多都是不定冠词、定冠词的误用、缺少或多余、a. -my first visit to a American family . 冠词错误 a 改为 an b. We may be one family and live under a same roof 冠词错误 a 改为 thec. There is public library in every town in Britai

9、n. 缺冠词 ， is 后加不定冠词 ad. Every a few weeks I come to see my friends and chat with them. 冠词多余 将a 去掉，固定搭配错误（5 ）形容词和副词： 形容词和副词的错误主要集中在做表语、定语或状语的功能性错误。a. I am sure well have a wonderfully time together. （NMET 1995 ） 做定语错误 改为wonderfulb. Unfortunate, I missed the early train, so I was late. 做状语错误 改为unfortun

10、ately ( 6 ) 介词：介词的错误主要是介词的误用以及介词的多余或缺失a. Unfortunately, there are too many people among my family. 介词错误 ，误用，改为inb. But we do not seem to get much time to talk about together. 介词多余 about 去掉c. Im sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster. 介词缺失 在固定搭配get rid of 短语中缺介词of ( 7

11、 ) 连词：连词的出错主要集中在句子的结构性错误，句中没有连接词；或者是连词的意义错误，这主要包括并列连词以及从属连词；同时其他连词，比如说连接词that,连接代词以及连接副词等。a. we love peace, and we dont fear war. 意义出错，and 应该改为but b. He says he will come to see me , then he gives me a smile friendly. 句式错误，缺乏连接词 and ,在then之前加 andc. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mou

12、ntain. （NMET2002 ） 缺连词 whend. She never has enough time for that she wants to do. 连词错误，应该将连词that 改为 连接代词whate. But it didnt matter that I would win or not. (NMET2000 )连词错误 连词that 应该改为whether纵观以上7大类别，都是在改错题中比较容易出现、常考察的类型。所以，一般情况下，在做改错题时，把握上述几点很重要。总之，只要注意了上述两个大的方面，在改错时，把握全篇全段，重在意义，然后语法、惯用法的原则，攻克新型改错题就

13、不会是盲目被动、无的放矢了。 短文改错专项训练下面短文中每篇各有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分Passage 1It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007I was walking along Park Road towards the east whilean old man came out o

14、f the park on the other sides of thestreet Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and madea right turn into Park Road The next moment the car hitthe man while she was crossing the road He fell with a cryThe car didnt stop and drive off at full speed heading westI noticed the driver was young

15、woman wore a pair of glasses and the platenumber was AC864 After two minutes later, I stoppeda passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital Passage 2I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use o

16、f every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am allowed to do that, Ill unable to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks it is bad for my eye. But I really cant accept her ideas. In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a days hard work

17、s. Besides, it is important for us to know what had happened at home and at abroad. Thus, we shouldnt be forbidden to watch TV.Passage 3Dear sir,Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It be

18、gins to make noise when it turned on. At first it is low but gradually it become louder and louder. To make the matter worse, it even stops working sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing you to ask for help. Would you please send a people to repair it? I will at home this weekend. Please

19、 call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 6606.5531. Thanks you very much. Customer Li MingPassage 4I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. Then I invited Li Ming over in my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. Three years ago, Li Mi

20、ngs parents invited I to spend two wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday. Li Ming and I loved walking along the beautifully beaches there. Last year I was ill but had to stay in hospital for a week. Li Ming came see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they move

21、d to another city. Since then we havent see each other much. But weve kept writing to each other.Passage 5I feel quite sure the chemistry test that were going to have tomorrow. The teacher has already told us exact what to study and I think my grades on homework has been goodIn a fact, I think chemi

22、stry has always been one of the subjects that I enjoy it most. Susan and I had already spent two hours review pages 115-140 tonight. We are going to devote another hour to practise with some of the sample(实例) problem. Then I will ready for the test. Passage 6Dear Susan,Im very gladly to hear you are

23、 coming to visit me the next Friday. Unfortunately, I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. You wont find difficult to get to the city center. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you rightly to the Friendship Hotel. My classes will be over

24、 by then or I will pick you up there. I will take you together to a hot pot restaurant for dinner and well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday.Yours,Zhang MingPassage 7Some day I happened to find a chatting room in my QQ, there people were chatti

25、ng in English. I tried to chat with some of them. To my surprised, I found the oral English of some junior students were better than me. I asked them for advice and they told me to practise more on QQ. But every day after that I would spend one hour practise my oral English on QQ. Day by day I learn

26、ed from many useful words and expressions. With time went by, I found that I could even communicate some college students freely. Passage 8If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Games, I will at first improve my English so that I can talk easily about foreign visitors. Second,

27、I will learn more about history of the Olympics as much as the 2008 Olympic Games. Third, since I was familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find their ways in the city. Finally, I should be able to tell visitors about our history or culture and show them their great achievements. In short, I wi

28、ll do my best to help making the Games a success. Passage 9Dear Mary,I receive your E-mail just now. Dont worry about me. Im getting on well with my research work in the lab. But to my greatly surprise you say you will give up learn English. The reason is because you have not done well in it recentl

29、y and you have lost interests. Im afraid I couldnt agree with you . I know it is difficulty to learn English, and English is widely used in the world today. It will be important tool in our future work. Beside, it is becoming more and more important in our daily life. If you study hard, you will be

30、succeed. Do remember that where there is a will, there is a way. I m looking forward to hearing good news from you. Yours, Li HuaPassage 10Dear Ralph, I am an university student. I once thought life at the university must be excellent, but now I changed my mind. I have three roommates, and I was the

31、 last one to move into the dormitory. Last term, I got along peacefully and happy. But I find they are not willing to be with me now. They dont talk with me, and theyve become cold toward me. Many time, I have wanted to talk with them about how I felt like, but I failed to find an opening. When leav

32、ing alone, I always recall this sadness. But I am an honest student. Why dont I win true friendship?参考答案Passage 1It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007I was walking along Park Road towards the oneast whilean old man came out of the park on the other sides of thestreet Then I saw a when sideyellow car drive up Third Street and madea right t