高考英语相近词汇辨析.docx

1、高考英语相近词汇辨析高考英语相近词汇辨析4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Lets go and see a good picture.11. cour

2、se, subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course12. custom, habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.17. officer, officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer24. problem, questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, rais

3、e，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用30. price, prizeprice价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.35. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.41. in

4、a word, in wordsin a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.42. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of在地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teac

5、her两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is61. who, whatwho指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.66. much morethan, many morethanmuch morethan后接形容词或不可数名词，many morethan后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful67. no, notno=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water

6、=not any water73. fast, quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly74. high, highlyhigh具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of79. just, veryjust表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man80. wide, broadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders

7、85. understanding, understandableunderstanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake86. close, closelyclose接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close91. able, capable able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing92. almost, nearly二者均为几乎,差不

8、多 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody93. late, latelylate迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I havent seen him lately.98. worth, worthy二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done It is worth visiting. = Its worthy to be visited. = Its worthy of being visited.103. instead, instead ofinstead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，

9、放在句中He didnt see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.104. too much, much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy105. be about to, be going to, be to dobe about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排Im to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)110. learn, st

10、udylearn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究 study the problem111. want, hope, wishwant打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.112. discover, invent, find outdiscover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out

11、发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.113. answer, replyanswer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter114. leave, leave forleave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.115. rob, stealrob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb. 116. shoot, shoot atshoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird a

12、nd it died.123. meet, meet withmeet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident127. catch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而have a cold可以She has had a cold for a week.128. change for, change intochange for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.129. cont

13、inue, last二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.130. feed, raisefeed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family161. at, in (表地点)at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai162. at

14、 work, in workat work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作 Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.163. increase to, increase byincrease to增长到，increase by增长了 The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.164. at ease, with easeat ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地 do it with ease165. day after day, day by dayday af

15、ter day日复一日（无变化）；day by day一天天地（有变化）Trees grow taller day by day.166. like, aslike相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体 Dont treat me as a child. (In fact, Im a child.)167. after, in (表时间)after接时间点，in接时间段 after 7:00, in five minutes168. between, amongbetween两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间Switzerland lies betwee

16、n France, Germany, Australia and Italy.169. after, behind (表位置)after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后 There are many trees behind the house.170. since, for (完成时间状语)since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00171. on the corner, in the corner, at the corneron the corner物体表面的角上，in the corner物体内部的角落里，at

17、the corner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）on the corner of the table176. in the air, on the air, in the skyin the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.177. in the field, on the fieldin the field在野外，on the field在战场上 He lost his life on the field.182. on the way, in the wayon th

18、e way在前往的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.183. above, on, overabove在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill187. and, orand并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中 I dont like apples or bananas.Hurry up and youll catch the bus. Hurry up or youll miss the bus.188. because, since, as, for原因由强到弱为：because, since/as,

19、 for. 在句中的位置如下：1)because 2) Since/as, 3) , for Since I was ill, I didnt go.192. suchas, suchthatsuchas像样的，suchthat如此以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.193. because, because ofbecause连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didnt go to school

20、 because of his illness.197. All right. Thats all right. Thats right.All right. Thats all right. 当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用Thats all right. Thats right. 那是对的 -Sorry. - Thats all right. 198. suchthat, sothat当如此以至于解时，suchthat修饰名词，sothat修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用sothat，不用such thatso many people that such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy199. so + be (have, can, do)+主语， neither(nor) + be (have, can, do)+ 主语也一样，肯定用so否定用neither (nor) -I cant play tennis. -Nor can I.200. Shall I? Will you?Shall I? 征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能吗？ Will you? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意吗？Will you help me? Yes, I will.