高中英语北师大版选修6词汇语法总结完整版.docx

1、高中英语北师大版选修6词汇语法总结完整版选修六词汇基础： Lesson 1Is that an authentic painting from Picasso , or a modern copy ?那是毕加索的真迹，还是现代复制品？考查单词：authentic adj.原作的，真正的Stop looking for the perfect job - its just a fantasy.别再找完美的工作了这只是个幻想。考查单词：fantasy n.想象(幻想)物 We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve ourexis

2、ting woodlands. 我们必须鼓励植树，保护我们的现有林地。考查单词：preserve vt.保护，保存Lesson 2I used to hate being teased about my red hair when I was at school. 我以前不喜欢在学校里被人取笑我的红头发。考查单词：tease vt.嘲笑，取笑Mr. Howard gave us very specific instructions.霍华德先生给了我们非常具体的指示。考查单词：specific adj.详细地，特定的Lesson 3In fact, losing weight is a slow

3、 , gradual process !事实上，减肥是一个缓慢、渐进的过程！考查单词：gradual adj.逐渐的They plan to expand the pub by adding a family room.他们计划通过增加一个家庭房间来扩大酒馆的规模。考查单词：expand v.扩大，扩充Lara was able to tell me everything that had happened in precise detail.劳拉能准确地告诉我发生的一切。考查单词：precise adj.准确的，精确的Communications WorkshopI feel a littl

4、e tense because of tomorrows examinations. 因为明天的考试，我有点紧张。考查单词：tense adj.紧张的Theyd chosen an awkward time to call me as Id just got into the bath.他们选择了一个尴尬的时间打电话给我，因为我刚进了浴室。考查单词：awkward adj.笨拙的；令人不舒服的The first mobile phones were heavy and clumsy.第一部手机又沉又不得体。考查单词：clumsy adj.笨拙的短语总结：knock sb. over撞倒某人 b

5、lock out 堵住 in this way用这种方法 in the way妨碍;挡道 by the way附带说说;顺便一提 burst into 突然起来break into 闯入，破门而入 in a way从某种程度上说get stuck in 被困于 hold up举起；支撑起 come across偶然遇见 figure out 理解，想出split up断绝关系，分成小部分 end up以结束|告终put up with忍受，容忍 as soon as = hardly / scarcely when = no sooner than 一就Id rather do sththan

6、 do sth 与其不如语法总结：1、have / get sth . done可表示主语有意识的行为，其具有使役意义，即可指让别人为自己做某事，也可以指主语本身做某事。还可表示“遭遇/经历某事”，此时句中所表示的动作是违背主语的意愿的。 扩展： 1、have/ get sb./sth. doing表示“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。2、have sb.do sth./ get/leave sb.to do sth.表示让“某人做某事”。典型例题：My mother said the soup was tasteless and had me getting some more salt for

7、 it. 我妈妈说汤没味道，让我多拿些盐来做。 get考查语法：have sb.do sth. 表示让“某人做某事”。Andrew had his son stand outside for an hour. standing 考查语法：have/leave/ get sb./sth.doing表示“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。I wanted to see an interesting film with Mike , but he couldnt go until he got his homework finishing. finished我想和迈克一起看一部有趣的电影，但他直到做完作业

8、才去。考查语法：have / get sth . done指主语本身做某事。When I arrived at the theater, Kathy picked up the tickets and she had been waiting for me near the entrance. had当我到达剧院时，凯西拿起票，她一直在门口等我。考查语法：have / get sth . done指主语本身做某事。Kathy told me you has been late several times in the past and that she hadwould not make pl

9、ans with you again in the future.凯西告诉我你过去迟到过好几次，她以后不会再和你计划了。考查语法：have / get sth . done指主语本身做某事。2、过去完成时：had + done表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即过去的过去。例题：Hardly had he gone to sleep when the telephone rang again.他刚睡着，电话又响了。考查语法/句型： hardly / scarcely when 一就Hardly + had + 主语 + done 表示倒装句句型过去完成时：had done 选

10、修六语法总结Past participles. 过去分词。过去分词在句中可做形容词或副词。在句中作定语，宾语补足语或表语。动词的-ed形式和它的逻辑主语是被动关系(下面句中逻辑主语是哪个？) Locked up, he had no way to escape. Mary got her fingers trapped in the bicycle chain. v动词的-ed形式的用法1-ed形式-作表语，说明主语的状态。She looked tired with cooking. When we got there, the shop was closed.2. -ed形式-作宾语补足语在

11、感觉动词see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep后作宾补。We found all the rivers seriously polluted.One of the glasses was found broken. Doris got her bad tooth pulled out in the hospital.3-ed形式-作定语单个-ed形式作前置定语（相当于形容词）。带有修饰语或其他成分的-ed形式，作后置定语，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。 We have read many novel

12、s written by this author.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. The retired man was very interested in painting.The injured workers are now in the hospital.4. -ed形式-作状语Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful.= When the city is seen from the tower. Given more time, he would be ab

13、le to do better. 二、Modals verbs: must, may, may not, might, cant, could, Modals for guessing,表示推测的情态动词。Must 肯定一定， may /might /could 可能，也许May not, might not :可能不Cant 不可能Modal + infinitive without to 情态动词 +不带to 动词不定式，表示对现在情况的推测。Modal + be +-ing 情态动词 +be +动词ingModal + have + past participles 情态动词+have+

14、 过去分词表示对过去情况的推测。三、Reported speech 间接引语（1）Ask/ tell/order 某人+不定式报道请求或命令。若请求或命令式否定的，则用ask/tell /order 某人+not+不定式来表示。The teacher asked the students to close their books.The doctor told them not to worry.四、Reported speech间接引语（2）用法，报道某人所说的话时，间接引语中的时态要改变。如下表：直接引语 间接引语Present simple 一般现在时 past simple 一般过去时

15、Present continuous 现在进行时 past continuous 过去进行时Present perfect 现在完成时 past perfect 过去完成时Past simple 过去时 past perfect 过去完成时Past continuous 过去进行时 过去完成进行时Will would Be going to was/were going toFirst conditional真实条件句 second conditional非真实条件句（现在将来）Eg: We will go there if you want us to. (first conditional

16、)They said they would go there if he wanted them to.(second conditional)五、Third conditional 虚拟语气和过去事实相反的假设。构成：If +过去完成时would/could/might +不定式完成式。Third conditional 可以表示过去非真实的场景，和对过去并未发生的事情提出假设。六、1.wish +过去是太表示对现在情况感到懊悔遗憾。I wish I had more free time.2.Wish + 过去完成时表示对过去发生的情况感到懊悔。I wish we had gone rock

17、 climbing last weekend.3. should Should shouldnt + 不定式完成时表达对过去事情的懊悔（本不该）I shouldnt have gone to that school.选修六一、Past perfect过去完成时应用：1.过去完成时表示过去的事件之前发生的事件或存在的状态。2.过去完成时和一般过去时用于同一个句子中表示过去的事情发生的顺序。vThe police arrested the man who had broken into a jewelers.vWhen I arrived, she left.（我到和他走同时或者几乎同时我看见到他

18、走）v When I arrived she had left.（到到时他已经走了，我没见到她）形式：过去完成时的构成是：主语+had+动词过去分词。I knew (that) I had met him before.vBy + 过去时间点-过去完成时。vBefore/after/until/when/引导时间状语。二、Past perfect continuous 过去进行时强调某个过去时间之前发生较长时间段内进行的动作。vShe was rescued by a man who had been working in a nearby garage.过去某个确定时间点内反复进行的动作。v

19、We had only been driving for about fifteen minutes when Jill asked me to stop the car.过去某个时间点还在进行的动作。vId been waiting for the train for over an hour when they announced that it had been cancelled.四、进行时态和非进行时态在下列情况下使用进行时态。1）动作还没有完成：The doctor was writing a note.2)活动是暂时的而不是永久的。Youre breathing quite he

20、avily.3)较长时间内的反复进行的二不是一次发生的动作。vThe man was looking at his watch.v下列动词不能用于进行时：know，like, understand, belong, resemble, realize.五、Used to and would.用would 和use to 表示过去经常进行二现在不再进行的动作。She used to have more friends than anyone else Ive known.vWould 只描述动作，used to 描述动作和状态。We would /used to go mushroom-pick

21、ing in autumn.My little sister used to be very shy.六、Determiners 限定词，在下列词前用限定词单个可数名词前：a/an, the, another, the other.不可数名词前：the , some, no, a lot of, much, all (of the)复数可数名词前：the, some, any, no, many, several, a lot of, all (of the), (the) other.2)a/an 用于下列情况：A第一次提到某事物，B，提到某个特定的人或无关紧要，如将该人或该物作为群体或类别

22、的例子。C，当对方确切地知道并能够比较容易地辨认所提到的人或物时用the.常见冠词短语（零冠词/an/a/the）catch fire 着火 set sail 启航 in advance预先 at first起初 in public当众 in sight看得见 out of control失控 out of date 过时 at most 最多 at least至少 make use of利用 do harm/bad/wrong to对有害 take pride in以为自豪as a result 因此 as a whole(总之) at a loss不知所措 do sb. a favour(

23、帮忙) keep an eye on注意着be a pity(遗憾) catch a cold(感冒) in a hurry(匆忙的) have a word with sb.(与交谈) pay a visit to(访问) put an end to 终止 take a walk(break, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座)at the age of 在岁时 at the same time同时 by the way顺便提及 on the whole总的说来 in the sun 在阳光下 in the future 未来 in the distance在远处 on the

24、 air 在广播 in the air 在空中 on the other hand另一方面 on the one hand一方面 to the point 切题 on the right在右边 on the contrary 相反 on the air 广播 out of the question不可能 play the fool 做傻事 the other day前几天take the consequences 自食其果 take the place of代替 tell the truth 说真话 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早晨/下午/晚上Unit

25、17知识点一：重点词语1. burst out laughing突然大笑2. fool around胡闹，瞎弄3. after all毕竟，终究4. cash a cheque兑现支票5. withdraw money from a bank从银行中提款6. wait ones turn排队等候7. overlook ones opinion忽略的意见8. push ones way挤出一条路9. yell out朝大脚10. a series of一系列；一连串11. feel down情绪低落12. busy oneself doing使自己忙于13. be involved in与有关，

26、涉及14. in for a surprise大吃一惊15. set sail (for)出航；起程16. earn a scholarship获得奖学金17. put on假装；穿上；增加18. make out理解；辨别出19. dress up盛装；打扮20. in the presence of当着的面21. make up编造；弥补22. make an attempt to do试图；努力23. regardless of不管，不顾24. no wonder难怪25. result in造成，导致引起26. from time to time不时地27. devote. to.把奉

27、献给28. boarding school寄宿学校29. get rid of摆脱，处理掉30. play around四处玩耍知识点二：核心单词1. amuse vt. 逗乐，使（某人）笑用法：amuse 用作及物动词，常接sb/oneself作宾语。He thought of various activities to amuse the baby till bedtime.他想出各种活动来逗宝宝开心直到上床睡觉。Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and to escape their busy lives for

28、a while.公园为人们提供自我娱乐的场所，使人们从繁忙的工作中解脱出来轻松一下。2. withdraw vt.提取，收回，撤销 vi. 退出，撤退（常与from搭配）搭配：（1）withdraw a remark收回一句话（2）withdraw money from the bank从银行取款注意：withdraw的过去式、过去分词分别是withdrew, withdrawn3. delay n.延迟，推延（不可数）；迟延的时间（可数） v.延迟，推延搭配：（1）without delay 迅速，马上，毫不延迟地 （2）delay a trip 把旅行推迟注意：delay作动词时后跟名词、

29、代词和动名词做宾语，不能跟动词不定式。4. forbid v.（forbade / forbad, forbidden）禁止，不许；阻止，妨碍；不让（某人）进入（或使用等）搭配：（1）forbid sb. sth. 不让某人（干）某事（2）forbid (doing) sth. 禁止（做）某事，妨碍（做）某事（3）forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事5. convince vt.使相信，使信服搭配：（1）convince sb. of sth让某人相信某事（2）convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事（3）convince sb. that.使某人相信提

30、示：当sb做主语时，一般用相对应的被动：（1）be convinced of sth.确信，坚信（2）be convinced to do sth.被说服做某事（3）be convinced that.确信，坚信联想：remind也有相同用法。6. overlook vt.忽视用法：overlook指“由于粗心、草率、放任而没看出或采取行动”，既指有意识地遗漏，也可以指无意识地忽略。He overlooked my errors.他忽略了我的错误。比较：ignore也有“不理睬，忽视”之意，但只指有意识地拒绝、故意不予理会或“故意这样做”的意思。She saw him coming up but she ignored him.她看见他走过来，但是装作没看见。7. board vi. & vt.登（飞机、车、船等）Wed better board the ship now.我们最好现在上船。What time does my flight board?我们是什么时候登机？ 拓展：board也可以用作名词，多用在on board这个短语中，表示“登上”。on board后面可以跟表示