职称英语综合类新增文章完整版考试会出原题.docx

1、职称英语综合类新增文章完整版考试会出原题按经验考试会出1-2道原题，但问题可能会变，所以要理解原文2012年职称英语综合类新增文章阅读理解目录其中1-5为C级，6-20为B级，21-28为A级1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事2.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class变化中的中产阶级3.第十篇：A Letter from Alan艾伦的来信4.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展5.第十六篇：The Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠6.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful（2011年教

2、材中为C级文章）引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔7.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education（2011年教材中为C级文章）美国教育的目标8.*第十九篇：The Family家庭9.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去10.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals（2011年教材中为C级文章）动物的空间距离11.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language（2011年教材中为C级文章）我们知道的关于语言的一些事情12.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up（2011年教材中为C级文章

3、）只好向上13.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm（2011年教材中为C级文章）克隆农场14.*第二十五篇：Income（2011年教材中为C级文章）收入15.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界16.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services（2011年教材中为C级文章）服务业的重要性17.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service（2011年教材中为C级文章）国家公园的服务机构18.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends（2011年教材中为

4、C级文章）发现自己变胖了？这得责怪朋友们19.*第三十篇：Lucky Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵一是死是活20.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty老妇人Oseola McCarty21.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not逃亡22.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way选择她自己的路23.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（2011年教材中为B级文章）一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事24.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音乐25.+第三十八篇：Why

5、So Many Children为什么有这么多的孩子26.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live（2011年教材中为B级文章）为了活着吃饭27.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape（2011年教材中为B级文章）美国疾病预防新政策28.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape九死一生第一篇 Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事One of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about peoples lives. Thes

6、e stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography.An autobiography is the story of a persons life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the persons earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in th

7、e way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjarmin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 1Other writers, such as James Joyce，have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their l

8、ives. These are not autobiographies，but they are very close to it.Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 2Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detai

9、l and discuss their importance. Recently，though，the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeab1e with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.Biographies are factual accounts of someone elses life. In many senses，these may be the hardest of the three types to

10、write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person，not one that is

11、 overly positive or too critical. A fair well-presented biography may take years to research and write.最普遍的非小说类文学作品类型之一，就是一些描述人们生活的故事，并且很多人喜欢阅读这类作品。这些故事大致分为三类：自传、回忆录和传记。自传是作者记录自己故事的文章。通常自传会以作者最早期的回忆开始并以对现在情况的总结作为结束。自传的作者也许不会完全客观地介绍自己。然而，他们给读者提供了一个途径来了解自己比较好的行事风格和为何成就这样的自己。就像本杰明富兰克林和海伦凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写

12、了自传。其他的作者就像詹姆斯乔伊斯一样仅仅写了关于自己生活的虚构小说。这些不是自传，但是它们和自传非常相近。严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件的自传性的描述。回忆录作者通常把这些事件作为他们生活的背景。他们详细地描述这些事件并论述这些事件的重要性。虽然近些年，回忆录这个词似乎开始变得可以和自传互换，但是目前回忆录也许还没有因外界评论而有所改变。传记事实上是记录（作者以外).其他人的生活。在很多方面，传记也许是这三种非小说类文学作品中最难写的了。自传作者知悉他们所写的事件因为他们就生活在其中。但是传记作者不得不尽量从很多不同的渠道来收集信息。然后他们

13、不得不决定包含哪种事实。他们的目标是用比较全面的图片来介绍一个人物，并不是过于乐观也不是过于批判。一个公正并详尽的传记也许要花费许多年来研究并进行书写。1. This passage is mostly about 这篇文章主要是关于？A. the characteristics of autobiographies，memoirs，and biographies. 故事大致分为三类：自传、回忆录和传记2. Helen Keller wrote_海伦 凯勒写了什么？ B. an autobiography自传3. Autobiography writers are not always obj

14、ective because they_自传作者通常不太客观，因为他们？C. want to present themselves in a good light他们想展示自己好的一面。4. The writer introduces each category in the passage by_本文的作者通过何种方式介绍每种类型的非小说文学作品？_.A. defining it 通过给每个类型进行定义。5. Diverse means_意思是C. varied or different 多种多样的第八篇 The Changing Middle Class 变化中的中产阶级The Unite

15、d States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges.1 It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing，more and more people owned their own homes，

16、workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them，and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor，but they could become rich. Successful people also found that they had greater geograph

17、ic mobility. In other words，they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine ones own economic fate. In addition，middle class morality

18、embraces principles of individual responsibility，importance of family, obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself. 2But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. A U. S.News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americ

19、ans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet 3. Both spouses now worked，as did some of the children; long commutes became routine; the need for child care put strains on4 the family; and public schools were not as good as they once were. Members of the middle cIass were no

20、longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.美国把自己看成是一个中产阶级的国家。然而，中产阶级既不是一个真实的称号，也不会带来特别待遇。它更是一个观念，一个也许在第二次世界大战之后会变得更加正确的观念。那时美国经济不断增长，越来越多的人拥有了自己的家庭，工人们和雇佣自己的公司签订了可靠的合同，并且几乎所有想受到高等教育的人能够接受教育。成

21、功的人士享受这种上升的社会流动性。他们也许之前很穷，但是他们能够变得富有。成功人士同样发现他们有更好的地理流动性。换句话说，他们发现自己正移居并生活在各种各样的地方。这些中产阶级都持有几种相同的价值观和原则。认为赚取足够金钱就可以决定自己经济命运的想法，是其中一种比较强烈的价值观。另外，中产阶级的道德观包括个人的责任感、家庭的重要性、对他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物。但是在20世纪90年代，这些中产阶级的人们发现了成功的代价。1994年，美国新闻与世界报道的一篇调查称，75%的美国人认为中产阶级家庭无法收支相抵。现在夫妻双方以及他们的一些孩子都在工作；遥远的上下班路程变成了常态，儿童看护给

22、家庭带来了很大压力，并且公立学校已经不如以前那样好了。中产阶级的成员不再通过薪水来支付他们的生活所需，而是通过使用信用卡来维持生活。对于中产阶级的理解正在发生变化。1. The information in this passage deals with_本文的信息是关于？.B) a social and economic group社会和经济群体2. A common middle class value is that_一个普遍的中产阶级价值观是.D) the family is very important3. ln the years after World War II，the mi

23、ddle class could be defined as_在二战之后的几年，中产阶级可以被定义为，C) prosperous and optimistic繁荣并且乐观4. The phrase “In other words in the first paragraph means that the following statement is_与下列说法一致的是.C) a restatement of the previous idea换句话来说5. The word collectively means_A) as a group相同地第十篇 A Letter from Alan 艾伦

24、的来信I have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the land called Parsons Place by the football ground. Few people know about this new plan to increase the size of our town. For me，Parsons Place is special because it is a beautiful natural area where local people can relax - the small wood

25、 has many unusual trees and the stream is popular with fishermen and bird-watchers. Its very quiet because there are few houses or roads nearby. I think that losing this area will be terrible because we have no other similar facilities in the neighbourhood.I am also against this plan because it will

26、 cause traffic problems. How will the people from the new houses travel to work? The motorway and the railway station are on the other side of town.。Therefore，these people will have to drive through the town centre every time they go anywhere.The roads will always be full of traffic，there will be no

27、where to park and the tourists who come to see our lovely old buildings will leave. Shops and hotels will lose business. If the town really needs more homes，the empty ground beside the railway station is a more suitable place.No doubt the builders will make a lot of money by selling these houses. Bu

28、t，in my opinion，the average person will quickly be made poorer by this plan. As well as this，we will lose a very special place and our town will be much less pleasant.I am going to the local government offices on Monday morning to protest about this plan and I hope that your readers will join me the

29、re. We must make them stop this plan before it is too late.我听说了一个要在叫Parson公园上建造三百所房子的计划。没有几个人知道这个打算将我们的城镇扩大的计划。对我来说，Parson公园是非常特别的，因为它是一个美丽的天然公园，当地人可以在此放松休息。这片小树林里有许多独特的树木并且这里的小溪受到了渔夫和野鸟观察者的欢迎。这里很安静因为附近只有几所房子和几条公路。我认为失去这片公园会很糟糕，因为在这附近我们没有其他与其相似的公园了。我反对这项计划也是因为它将会引起交通问题。住在新房子的人们将如何去工作呢？高速公路和地铁站在城镇的另一

30、端。因此，这些人每次出行的时候将不得不驱车穿越城镇中心。公路上将总是有很多车辆，却没有地方停车，并且来参观我们这儿可爱的老式建筑物的观光者将会离开这里。商店和旅馆将赔钱。如果这个城镇真的需要更多的房子，那片在地铁站附近的空地是一个更合适的地方。毫无疑问，通过出售这些房子建筑商们会赚很多钱。但是，在我看来，每个人将会因这个计 划的实施而快速地变穷。不但如此，我们将失去一个非常特别的地方并且我们的城镇将会失去很多快乐。我将在周一早上到当地政府办公室抗议这项计划，并且我希望你们这些读者将会和我一起去那里。我们必须让他们停止这项计划，否则就来不及了。1. Why has Alan written th

31、is letter?D) To inform other people about the builders plans. 让其他人了解建筑商的计划，2. Why is Parsons Place particularly important，in Alans opinion? 为什么帕森场非常重要?C) Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature. 它是一个美丽的天然场地并且当地人可以在此放松休息。 3. What will cause traffic jams? 什么将会引起交通堵塞?A) A buil

32、ding on Parsons Place. 总是有很多车辆不停车4. Alan says that ordinary people who live in the town will probably soon _说住在城镇的人们将来可能会.D) have less money因计划的实施而快速地变穷5. Which of these posters has Alan made? 以下哪个是Alan制作的海报?B) SAY NO TO HOUSES ON PARSON S PLACE抵制建筑商在帕森场上建造房屋的计划第十一篇 The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展Ballet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed.Ballet began in the ro