届上海高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇解析版.docx

1、届上海高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇解析版2019届高三英语二模汇编阅读A篇1、2019黄浦二模Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the pa

2、ssage you have just read.(A)In 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass grave. The bodies werent human. They were feline ancient cats that had been mummified(木乃伊化的) and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. “Not one or two here and there”, repor

3、ted English Illustrated Magazine, “but dozens, hundreds, hundreds of thousands, a layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty cats deep. ” Some of the linen-wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to touri

4、sts for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England. Those were the days of generously funded explorationsthat dragged through acres of desert in their quest for royal tombs, and for sp

5、lendid gold and painted masks to decorate the estates and museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get at the good stuff. Few people studied them, and their importance was generall

6、y unrecognized. In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folkswhat they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a

7、big part of that. “Theyre really displays of daily life,” says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After peering beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection a bridge between people today and those of long ago. “You look at these mummified animals, and s

8、uddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.” 56. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “peddled”(paragraph 1)?A. modernized B. displayed C. illustrated D.

9、 demonstrated57. Why was archaeology once referred to as a“treasure hunt ”(paragraph 3)? A. In the royal tombs, there were many treasures made of silver and gold.B. Animal mummies could be made into fertilizer which is very valuable. C. It was hard to find animal mummies since they were buried under

10、 dirt. D. People sought the remains of ancient Egypt merely for their material value. 58. Which of the following is TRUE about Salima Ikram? A. She wishes to establish the continuity of pets over history.B. She believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the past.C. She want

11、s to identify the Kings personal belongings and classify them.D. She doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains. 59. This article probably encourages the readers to _. A. value the past by studying the remains left behind by our ancestorsB. make full use of the re

12、mains our ancestors have left behindC. understand that animal mummies are more important than gold and masksD. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of our ancestors答案：56-59 BDBA难度：中等解析：本文为记叙文。自从1888年在埃及发现了猫动物的木乃伊之后，大量的皇家墓穴被挖掘，成千上万的木乃伊被运往世界各地，以攫取物质利益。后来考古学家不再只是寻宝，而是把它作为一门科学研究。因为木乃伊展示了古埃及人的日

13、常生活。正如古物学家萨利玛伊克拉姆所说，木乃伊的研究是现代社会和过去的联系的桥梁。【56题详解】猜测词义题。根据第一段中 “Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer.”可知，peddled后的“to tourists for change”即“把最好的给游客来换取零钱”，可知，此处的peddled是“兜售”给游客以换取零钱，可知peddle就是向他人炫耀从而售出。分析选项A. modernized使现代化；B. displayed炫耀，展览；C.

14、 illustrated加插图于，描述；D. demonstrated证明，证实。可推断出B. displayed符合题意，故选B。【57题详解】推理判断题。第二段叙述了“最初考古是为了寻找皇家陵墓，寻找华丽的黄金和彩绘面具来装饰欧洲和美洲的地产和博物馆。成千上万的来自古埃及的动物木乃伊出现在埃及各地的宗教场所，但很少有人研究它们”。可知，考古就是寻宝，为了物质上的价值。以及第三段第一句话“从那以后的一个世纪里，考古学已不再是寻宝，而是一门科学”由此可知，他们寻找古埃及的遗迹仅仅是为了他们的物质价值。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。【58题详解】推理判断题。最后一段she（Salima Ik

15、ram） created a gallery for the collection a bridge between people today and those of long ago.可知，Salima Ikram把她的发现进行分类之后，她为这些收藏品创建了一个画廊一座连接今天的人和很久以前的人的桥梁。以及她的话“You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of

16、 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.” “你看着这些动物木乃伊，突然你说，哦，国王某某养了一只宠物。我有一只宠物。古埃及人与我们之间的距离不再是5000多年前的事了，而是变得更加清晰，离我们更近了。”由此可推断出她认为研究这些遗迹有助于把现代社会与过去联系起来。分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。【59题详解】推理判断题。本文主要叙述了古代埃及的木乃伊展示了古代埃及人的日常生活，是了解它们的途径，有助于在现代社会与过去的之间建立一座桥梁。通过研究它们可以让我们正确的评估过去。分析选项可知A

17、符合题意，故选A。2、2019普陀二模(A)Dont Drop the BallDrop prevention risk assessment is really important. Everyone knows objects get dropped on work sites theres nothing radical about that. In Australia, mining has the third highest fatality rate of any industry (4.4 fatalities per 100,000 workers in 2015), and

18、in less well-documented areas like India the fatality rate is even higher. A lot of these fatalities come from dropped objects. Its worth trying to address this and work out just how big the risk is and where it comes from. At the end of the day, safety should be a priority in any industry and it sh

19、ould come as no surprise that addressing safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies. It doesnt look good for a mining company if people are getting injured and equipment damaged from falling objects. The risks from dropped objects come from all sorts of areas; its not just

20、 a matter of dropped tools. Were talking about sites characterized by a lot of activities, where all sorts of things can come loose or fall, whether its light fittings or objects like rocks falling off transporting belts. The risks are largely personal but are also financial: if a piece of equipment

21、 gets damaged it will need replacing. Thats a pretty strong inspiration for companies to address these risks. In terms of frequency, here in Australia were looking at around 18% of compensation claims coming from workers being hit by moving objects, but those are just the claims the frequency is lik

22、ely higher. Around 28% of deaths and injuries come from such incidents, too. As I said earlier, thats just Australia; some industries dont keep statistics, but I wouldnt be surprised to find other countries report comparable rates. Thats a lot of accidents that could be prevented with adequate safet

23、y measures. Its important to take an active approach. Its a lot easier and cheaper to address these risks during the installation or maintenance phases by adding barriers to the inside of guard railings on walkways and transporting systems and adding nets to fixed devices. There are safety mechanism

24、s available, but its up to the companies to install them. It is a lot more efficient to add barriers right from the start rather than waiting for an accident and then thinking, “Should we be safer?”, when they should have reduced these risks from the start. 56. Why is drop prevention risk assessment

25、 important? A. People seldom knows the extent of risk. B. Many bosses consider their reputation.C. Many deaths are caused by falling objects. D. Companies need to save a lot of money.57. What sorts of risks from dropped objects are there in the mining industry?A. Light devices on the transporting be

26、lt. B. Personal injury and equipment damage.C. Safety issues and corporate development. D. Compensation claims and statistics. 58. Which of the following statistical statements is true?A. The frequency is higher though some industries do not have statistics.B. Some 46 percent of deaths and injuries

27、resulted from such incidents.C. Four out of ten people died in incidents like this every year. D. There have been more incidents in Australia than anywhere else.59. What is suggested by the author to reduce the risks? A. To find a security mechanism. B. To reduce the use of tools. C. To replace the

28、damaged equipment. D. To install some security equipment. 答案：56-59 CBAD难度：中等解析：这是一篇说明文。在各个行业中，物体掉落会引发巨大风险，甚至会造成人员伤亡。所以，掉落风险预防评估尤为重要。为了降低该类风险，作者建议提前安装安全装置。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In Australia, mining has the third highest fatality rate of any industry (4.4 fatalities per 100,000 workers in 2015), and in

29、 less well-documented areas like India the fatality rate is even higher. A lot of these fatalities come from dropped objects.”可知，在澳大利亚，和印度等地，很多死亡事件都是由物体掉落到地上造成的。由此可知，物体掉落会造成巨大伤害，引发了很多死亡事件，那么，掉落物体风险评估就变得非常重要了。故C选项切题。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It doesnt look good for a mining company if people are getting i

30、njured and equipment damaged from falling objects.”可知，对于一个矿业公司来说，如果掉落的物体导致人员受伤，设备损坏，那么，这就不好了。由此可知，矿业中经常出现的是人员受伤和设备损坏问题。故B选项正确。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In terms of frequency, here in Australia were looking at around 18% of compensation claims coming from workers being hit by moving objects, but those are

31、 just the claims the frequency is likely higher. As I said earlier, thats just Australia; some industries dont keep statistics, but I wouldnt be surprised to find other countries report comparable rates.”可知，在澳大利亚，经常有大约18%的赔偿要求来自被移动物体击中的工人，但这些只是索赔 类似事件发生的频率可能更高。正如我早些时候说的，这只是澳大利亚；一些行业没有统计数据，但其他国家报告了与之

32、可比的比率，我对此不会感到惊讶。故A选项说法正确：尽管有些行业没有统计数据，但是（此类事故）的频率可能更高。故A选项正确。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Its a lot easier and cheaper to address these risks during the installation or maintenance phases by adding barriers to the inside of guard railings on walkways and transporting systems and adding nets to fixed devices.”可知，在安装或维护阶段，通过在人行道和运输系统上设置护栏以及在固定设备上添加防护网来解决这些风险要容易得多，成本也要低得多。所以作者的建议是安装一些安全设施。故D选项正确。3、2019徐汇二模(A)Being able to land safely is a critically important skill for all flying