机械外文翻译.docx

1、机械外文翻译毕业设计（论文）外文参考文献翻译 机械工程 系（院） 20 08 届题 目（中文） 电主轴的机械设计 （英文）the mechanic designs of electric spindles学生姓名 专业班 完成日期： 2008 年 3月 23 日目 录1.电主轴技术水平分析（8）2. 高速电主轴单元（14） The electrical technical level of main shaft is analysed Abstract: Electrical main shaft is the processing machine tool of numerical cont

2、rol heart parts , this paper has introduced typical structure and the working principle of electrical main shaft , has elaborated the crucial technology of electrical main shaft , has summarized it to develop tendency.Keyword: The electrical porcelain ball of main shaft mix the bearing lubrication o

3、f oil gas 1, it is general to state the processing quality that can not only raise processing efficiency substantially because of high speed processing and can still raise workpiece apparently, so, its application field is very extensive , is especially in aerospace , the manufacturing industries su

4、ch as automobile and mould in. It is spoilt recently that so, the machine tool of numerical control that has high speed process capability has become market. Now, the domestic and international each famous manufacturer of machine tool adopts the electrical structure of main shaft extensively in the

5、machine tool of numerical control , is especially being compound to process machine tool and much axle to unite to move , polyhedron processing machine tool and the machine tool of parallel connection in. Electrical main shaft is the processing machine tool of numerical control heart parts , its per

6、formance index direct decision the level of machine tool, it is that machine tool realizes basic condition and the prerequisite of high speed processing. 2 the working principle electrical main shaft of the working principle, typical structure and 2.1 advantage electrical main shafts of electrical m

7、ain shaft is the direct motor rotor of be hollow pack in main shaft on, stator knows super-cooling but cover fixes , form a complete unit of main shaft in the casing hole of main shaft, after starting eclectricity rotor directly drive the operation of main shaft. The typical structural layout way of

8、 the typical structural electrical unit of main shaft of 2.2 electrical main shafts is that generator sets up before main shaft , rear axle Cheng between ( as picture show ), its advantage is that the axial size of the unit of main shaft is the big, medium-sized machine tool of numerical control sho

9、rt comparatively, the rigidity of main shaft big, power suits comparatively; It is insufficient to be the naturally scattered hot condition in the generator in the casing of main shaft that encloses to differ from , has higher temperature rise. The 1 casings of main shaft the 2 cooling sets of 3 4 5

10、 import stator rotors of cooling water the 6 sets of 7 8 9 10 former 11 can export feedback installation bearing rear axles of cooling water of runner shaft of main shaft of main shaft Cheng the advantage electrical province of main shaft of 2.3 electrical main shafts have gone to take ship or posit

11、ive drive, the 0 transmissions that have realized machine tool have raised transmission efficiency. The rigidity of electrical main shaft good, rotary precision is sex high respond fast good, can realize very high rotational speed and add and slow down degree and decide angle stop fast definitely (

12、C axle control ), the scope of speed adjustment is wide. 3, the crucial technical concept of electrical main shaft of electrical main shaft should not be simple to understand for the merely a sleeve of main shaft , and should be a set of assembly, include: Stator, rotor, bearing, the high speed inst

13、allation of frequency conversion and lubrication install and cool installation. Therefore electrical main shaft is the with high speed bearing technical, lubrication technical, cooling technical technical, precise production of dynamic balancing with the technologies such as assembly technology as w

14、ell as generator high speed drive synthesize to utilize. The with high speed bearing technology of 3.1 electrical main shafts realizes the electrical high speed of main shaft to melt, is precise and crucial to be the application of high speed precise bearing. Now the bearing that applied in high spe

15、ed precise electrical main shaft have precise roll bearing and liquid movement press bearing and gas press bearing and magnetic suspension bearing quietly, but it is precise angle contact porcelain ball bearing and precise cylinder roller bearing mainly. It is high that liquid movement press the sta

16、ndardization level of bearing; Gas presses bearing quietly to be improper for in the rate occasion of great merit; Magnetic suspension bearing because of control system complex, price is expensive , its practicality gets restriction. Angle contact ball bearing can not only at the same time bear radi

17、al and axial load, and rigidity high, high speed performance good, structural simple compact, kind specifications numerous repair easily to change, thus in electrical main shaft, get extensive application. Now along with the development of porcelain bearing technology, the electrical bearing of main

18、 shaft of the most application is to mix porcelain ball bearing, roll body use Si3N4 porcelain ball, with the structure of little pearl dense pearl , bearing ferrule encloses for GCr15 steel. Is this kind of to mix bearing to pass to reduce little centrifugal force and top moment , reduce the fricti

19、on between little ball and raceway groove , so get lower temperature rise and better high speed performance. Porcelain ball mix bearing and steel ball bearing compare , advantage is as follows: ( 1 ) the porcelain ball bearing friction performance of porcelain and steel composition very good, can re

20、duce the stress of material and lubricant. ( 2 ) because of porcelain density low , can reduce the centrifugal force in operation. ( 3 ) the heat with lower porcelain coefficient of expansion have reduced bearing efficiently add the change of load in advance. ( 4 ) the flexible mould of porcelain qu

21、antity higher, can raise the rigidity of bearing. Above-mentioned factor have prolonged the life of bearing substantially with have promoted the operation limit speed of bearing. The lubrication technical with high speed electrical main shaft of 3.2 electrical main shafts the temperature rise that m

22、ust control bearing with reasonable, controallable bearing lubrication way , in order to guarantee stability and the precision of the machining complex of numerical control of machine tool. Adopt to roll the lubrication way of the electrical main shaft of bearing now have the waies such as fat lubri

23、cation, oil fog lubrication and the lubrication of oil gas mainly. Fat lubrication in the electricity with relatively lower rotational speed main shaft in is more common lubrication way. The lubrication system of fat lubrication type electrical main shaft is simple , uses convenience and free from c

24、ontamination , has strong versatility. Oil fog lubrication has lubrication and cooling double role, it is taking compressed air as power , mixes oil liquid atomization into air through oil fog ware to flow , then transports it to need the location of lubrication. The equipment needed by oil fog lubr

25、ication is simple , maintenance convenience has more cheap price , is a kind of with high speed electrical lubrication way of main shaft that used generally. But it has pollutive environment, oil consume more higher shortcoming. Along with the raising that people ask for environmental protection, oi

26、l fog lubrication way must be superseded gradually. The lubrication technology of oil gas is use compressed air the lubricating oil of be trace difference succession continuously land provide each set of bearing of main shaft accurately, small oil drop in roll with , outside raceway between form the

27、 flexible oil membrane of dynamic pressure, and reduce air can take the partial heats produced by bearing operation. Practice shows that the fuel delivery in lubrication is been harmful for too much less , and former two lubrication waies can not control the amount of fuel delivery accurately , disa

28、dvantage in the raising of the bearing rotational speed and life of main shaft. And develop the lubrication way of oil gas of geting up recently the lubricating oil that can control the point of every friction accurately quantity, reliability is very high. Practice proof and the lubrication of oil g

29、as are the most ideal method of lubrication of great merit of the rate electrical bearing of main shaft, but the equipment needed by it is complex , cost is high. Because of the lubrication way lubrication effect ideal of oil gas, now have become international the last most popular lubrication way.

30、Its cooling electrical main shaft and the analysis of thermal source of 3.3 electrical main shafts have two major internal thermal sources: Built-in motor give out heat with the bearing of main shaft give out heat. If not control , from the heat that this arouses warp can the serious processing prec

31、ision and bearing service life that reduces machine tool , so, the service life that causes electrical main shaft shortens. Electrical main shaft because of the depository type configuration of main shaft in adopting, locate in the generator in the unit of main shaft can not break up with fan heat,

32、therefore naturally, scattered hot condition is lacked comparatively. Generator is realizing energy transition , is internal to produce power loss , so makes generator give out heat. Study to show , is under generator with high speed operation condition , have near 1/3 generator give out heat quantity from generator rotor produce , and the absolutely most of heats that rotor produces are passed through the air gap between rotor and stator in stator; Others 2/3 the stator that heat produces in generator. So produce the major solution method of giving out he