1、小升初英语必考知识点总结归纳2019年小升初英语必考知识点总结归纳一般现在时1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。2.一般现在时中,没有be动词和情态动词,主语为第三人称单数的肯定句,动词要按规则加上s,主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句,动词用原形。3.在一般现在时中,句中有be动词或情态动词时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。4.在一般现在时中,句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesnt),一般疑问句在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人
2、称单数,否定句用do+not (dont),一般疑问句在句首加do,句子中动词用原形。动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s, 如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es, 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es, 如:study-studies 一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I g
3、et up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。 如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语be not其它。如:He is not a w
4、orker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be主语其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语dont( doesnt )动词原形(其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。如: - Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语
5、为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.动词s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es, 如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at ho
6、me.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a wal
7、k together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao
8、 _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.-What day _(be) it today? -Its Saturday三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基
9、本结构为: 疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping写出下列动词的现在分词:play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_st
10、op_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in t
11、he classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:be going to d
12、o;will do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同义句:be going to = will1.be going to表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形, 如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to +动词原形,如:Jim i
13、s not going to play football.一般疑问句:把be动词调到句首,如:Is Jim going to play football?特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形? 如:Who is going to play football?I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习:填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a p
14、icnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样
15、,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:Jim didnt go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, coo
16、k-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,(辅+元+辅)如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-m
17、ade, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习(1)Name _ No. _ Date _用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just no
18、w.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ a
19、n English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习(2)用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festiv
20、al?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.(二)小升初英语词类:动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、
21、一张等)和这个词连起来说,如说得通,一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断,就是把“很”和为个词连起来说,说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的,如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)1、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。(1)行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词,表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具体判断方法如下:有,就加ing读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看有无be动词(若是be
22、going to就用原形)没有,再看情态动词有,就用原形有,就加ed没有,再看有无表示过去的时间状语是第三人称单数就加s或es没有,再看主语不是第三人称单数就用原形(2)be动词a、Am-was Is -was Are-were口诀:我用am,你用are, is用他她它,所有复数全用are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher.She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese?
23、Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类:is、am、are为一类,一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中,was和were为另一类,一般用于一般过去时。判断步骤:第一、三人称单数,就用was有,再看人称第二人称单数和所有复数,就用were看有无表示过去的时间状语第一人称单数,就用am没有,再看人称第三人称单数,就有is第二人称单数和所有复数,就用are用am,
24、 is, are填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose sock
25、s _ they?(3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词,平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多的是can。情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)2、名词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。判断的关键词往往是be动词,be动词如果是am、is或was,名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were,名词就加s或es。这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断,以免受误导。如何加后缀:a
26、.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberriesd.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knivese.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman
27、-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese判断步骤:如是am、is或was原形 读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看be动词如是are或were加s或es3、形容词(包括副词)形容词表示某一事物或的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。未作比较的情况下就用原形,比较时就+er。两个重要特征:asas中间一定用原形,有than的时候一定+er。4、人称代词和物主代词主格youIhesheitwethey宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称I me we us my mine our ours第二人称you you you you your yours your yours第三人称he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。物主代词:有两类:形容词性物主代词(短的)和名词性物主代词(长的)一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词(短的);如无,就用名词性物主代词(长的)。用所给
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