初三复习 动词短语 及练习.docx

1、初三复习 动词短语 及练习中考英语-动词及动词短语1、重点、难点：动词是用来描述主语的动作、行为或状态的词， 在句子中作谓语，是句子不可缺少的部分，用来说明主语是什么、处于什么状态或做什么。英语中的动词有不同的形式，这些形式体现出动作发生的时间（时态）、主动发出动作还是被动接受动作（语态）和说话者的口气、情感等（语气）。1. 动词的分类2. 动词短语构成的基本知识结构由两个或两个以上的词一起构成一个短语，相当于一个动词，称为短语动词。短语动词主要有以下：（1） 动词+介词（+宾语）此类结构相当于一个及物动词，可用于被动语态。常见的有look for (寻找)，look after (照顾)，a

2、sk for (请求)，laugh at (嘲笑)，hear of (听说)，care for (喜欢)，stand for (代表)，wait for (等待)等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后，其中的介词一般不重读，重音一般都落在动词上。例如：The hunter aimed at the lion and fired, but missed. 猎人对准狮子开了枪，但是没有打中。I suggest that you attend to the most urgent matters and let the rest wait. 我建议你先去处理最紧急的事情，别的事可以等一等。 I thi

3、nk of you all the time. 我总是想起你。All the new words were looked up. 所有的生词都查过了。（2） 动词+副词（+宾语）此类短语动词中的副词一般要重读。常见的有give up (放弃)，pick up (捡起；接某人)，think over (仔细考虑)，find out (查明；查出)，hand in (上交)等。有的短语动词可用作不及物动词，有的可用作及物动词。用作及物动词的情况比较多，当宾语是名词时，它可以置于短语动词之后，也可以置于短语动词之中。但宾语为代词时，则只能置于短语动词之中。例如：Dont talk back when

4、 Im speaking to you. 我和你说话的时候不要还嘴。 He brought up his children strictly. 他管教孩子很严格。 He called the man up. (He called up the man.) 他给那人打了电话。 He called her up. 他给她打了电话。（3） 动词+副词+介词（+宾语）常见的有 get along with (进展)， catch up with (追上)等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。此类短语动词只能用作及物动词，也称为“三词动词”，中间的副词要重读。例如： The money their s

5、on spent in French added up to 5，000 dollars. 他们的儿子在法国总共花了5，000美元。 We have run out of all the money. 我们的钱都花光了。All my freinds are looking forward to seeing you in Beijing now. 所有我的朋友都期待着在北京见到你。（4） 动词+名词+介词（+宾语）常见的有take care of (照顾)， make use of (利用)， pay attention to (注意)， make fun of (取笑)等。这类短语动词的宾语

6、只能放在介词后边。此类短语动词只能用作及物动词，短语动词中的名词前可以有形容词作定语。例如： Please pay much attention to what the teacher says. 请特别注意老师说的话。 He takes good care of his elderly mother. 他悉心照顾年迈的母亲。 She always keeps an eye on her baby when she is doing the housework.她做家务的时候，总是留心着她的孩子。 We must make full use of our time. 我们必须充分利用时间。（5

7、） 动词名词常见的有take place (发生)， make friends (交朋友)等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。例如：This story took place three years ago. 这个故事发生在三年前。I like making friends with a lot of people. 我喜欢和许多人交朋友。（6） 动词+介词+名词常见的有keepin mind (牢记)， learn by heart (背熟)，seton fire (点火烧)，get in touch (取得联系)，go to bed (上床睡觉)，put on weight (长胖)等。例如：

8、We have kept in touch with each other since we became friends in 2003. 自从我们2003年成为朋友后就一直保持联系。Please learn all these by heart after class. 请课后把这些都背熟。（7） 动词形容词常见的有leaveopen (让开着)， setfree (释放)， cutopen (切开)等。这类短语动词中的形容词是宾语的补足语，宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。例如：The prisoners were

9、 set free. 犯人获得自由。 He cut it open. 他把它切开。典型例题1. Your kite looks very nice. It is _ silk, and it is _ Weifang.A. made from；made of B. made of；made from C. made of；made in D. made in；made from【答案与解析】答案是C。第一个空用短语动词be made of表示“风筝是由丝绸做的”，看得出原材料所以用介词of；第二个空用短语动词be made in和表示地点的名词连用表示在某地制作的。所以本题选择C。2. Whe

10、n will Han Hans new book _? Sorry, I dont know. I am looking forward to his new book, too.A. come on B. come out C. come in D. come over【答案与解析】答案是B。本题是考查短语动词的用法，从句子的意思理解要用短语动词come out表示“出版”的意思。（8） 课堂练习1. She hurriedly _ the child and took him downstairs.A. put on B. wore C. dressed D. had on2. Here

11、is the book. First _ it and then tell me what you think of it.A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after3. - Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate?- Id love to, but Ive _ Lindas invitation to dinner.A suffered B. earned C. received D. accepted4. - Can I _ your bik

12、e?- With pleasure. But you mustnt _ it to others.A lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow5. - I dont know where to go this summer vacation- Why not _ visiting Huanggang? There are many places of interest there.A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard6. His family are worried

13、about him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time.A. accepted B. received C. written D. collected7. - Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its too loud?- Sorry! Ill do it in a minute.A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down8. - Do you know why he didnt

14、 _ a word when he _ to?- Because he was too nervous.A. speak; speaks B. say; was spokenC. say; spoke D. speak; is spoken9. - How much is the ticket to Cen tral Park?- A one-way ticket _ $40, and you can _ another $ 2 0 for a round-trip.A. costs; pay B. cost; spend C. pay; spend D. spends; pay10. Sci

15、entists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward toC. talk about D. give up11. - What does the instruction say?- The colours in the dress will _ if you use hot water.A. fall B. appear C. run D. shine12. The little boy _ his seat to an

16、old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought13. - Show me your homework, Dave?- Sorry, Mrs Brown. Ive _ it at home.A missed B. forgotten C. lost D. left14. - Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow?- Well, it all _ t he weather.A. belongs to B happens to C. depends on D. concentrates

17、on15. President Xi Jinping calls on Chinese people to_ all the food each meal.A. eat up B. use up C. pick up D. cut up16. Anna is going on a tour of Xian, and she wants to _ Chinese history.A. dream of B. learn about C. look through D. pass on17. - Were you sick after six hours journey on the coach?

18、- Of course. I _ quickly as soon as it stopped.A. got up B. got on C. got off D. got to18. Many students write to Language Doctor to _ advice about learning EnglishA. look through B. ask for C. give up D. worry about19. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new on

19、e will _ at the end of this month.A go out B. come out C. look out D. run out20. Many social workers went to Yaan to help _ clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.A. put out B. come out C. work out D. give out21. - What are you packing so many books for, Grandm

20、a?- Ill _ to the kids in West China.A. give them up B. give them awayC. give them off D. give them in22. If you want to buy this dress, youd better_ first to make sure it fits you.A. pay for it B. take it off C. tidy it up D. try it on23. If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will _.A. come

21、out B. come true C. achieve24. - Whos the most modest boy in your class?- Daniel. He never _ in public,A. gets off B. takes off C. shows off D. turns off25. The heavy snow didnt _ the international airlines.A pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to26. Because of the bad weather

22、, we have to _ the meeting till next week.A. take off B. get off C. put off D. set off27. I was late because the bus _ on my way to school.A. broke down B. broke off C. broke up28. My bike is broken. Could you help me to _?A. fix it up B. set it up C. make it up D. put it up29. Again and again the d

23、octor _ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her.A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out30. - So many problems! Im tired.- You should try to _ them by yourself; you are not a child any longer.A. get into B. get off C. get on D. get over31- Which hobby

24、do you think _ the least time?- Collecting stamps.A. takes up B. puts up C. gives up D. makes up32. The teachers encourage their students to _ the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.A. give up B work out C. look, through33. Many students in our school _ the old and th

25、ey usually offer their seats to them on buses.A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care34. - When are you going to _ for Shanghai?- Tomorrow morning.A. get off B. turn off C. take off D. set off35. There arent many tickets left for the concert, Youd better _ that you get one today.A. mak

26、e sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans36. He _ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area_.A. put out; to work out well B. handed out; help them outC. gave out; work out well D. gave away; to help them out37.- Would you mind speaking more slowly? I can hardly _ you.- Of co

27、urse not.A read B. follow C. miss D. match38. - Whats wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.- I _ to prepare for the final exam last night.A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up39. You dont have to _ every new word in the dictionary while reading.A. look for B. look up C. look at D. look afte

28、r40. Well _ an English play Snow White during this years Art Festival.A look up B. look out C. put off D. put on41. It seems that the aged people _ the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up四家庭作业： 中考常考的重点短语动词1. 连系动词be构成的短语动词：1）be made in 在生产或制造表示在某个地点生产或者制造，介词

29、in的后面用表示地点的名词。例如：The red cars are made in Shanghai. 这些红色的小汽车是上海生产的。2）be made of 由生产或制造表示由什么材料制造或者生产的，产品能够看出原材料，介词of的后面用名词作宾语。例如：This bridge is made of stones and wood. 这座桥是由木材和石头造的。（能够看出原材料）3）be made from 由生产或制造表示由什么材料制造或者生产的，产品不能够看出原材料，介词of的后面用名词作宾语。例如：This kind of paper is made from the grass. 这种纸张是由草生产的。（不能看出原材料）2. 动词come构成的短语动词1) come down 下来;落下表示某人或者某物从某处落下来，和fall down是同义短语。例如：The birds come down from the tree to pick some corns. 一些鸟从树上落下来拣谷物吃。2) come along 来；随同表示某人或者某物跟随来某个地方，同义短语是go along。例如：You can come along to his party with me. 你可以随同我一起去参加他的晚会。3) come to oneself 苏醒表示人或动物又活过来的意思。co