Unit 2 English around the world.docx

1、Unit 2 English around the world Unit 2 English around the world（一） Words 1. nativeadj. 本土的,本国的,土生的 (+to) be native to原产于某地ones native country/land本国，祖国ones native language本国语，本族语，母语native place出生地 a native of当地人/产于的动/植物The giant panda is native to China. She was native to Taipein. 本地人,本国人(1)China is

2、 our _， and Chinese is our _.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)The tiger _ India.这种虎产于印度。(3)He is _ Beijing.他是北京人。2. voyage n.航行，航海make a voyage to 一次航行到 make voyages to 航行到go on a voyage 去航海/行voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行1). It is tiring t

3、o take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle3.recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know

4、 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room4. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regularfrequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general一般性的，到处的；不

5、限于领域、地区或应用 regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem.2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.5)As a _ rule I am home by six.5.pecially/ speciallyespecially意思是“

6、尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事1). Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。2). He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。6.base n.基础；基地；根基 Our companys base is in Beijingbasic adj. 基本的vt.建于之上；以为基础（主动） base A on B 将A建立于B之上(被动) A be based on B A建于B基础之上On the basic of

7、在什么基础上One should always base his opinion on facts. = Ones opinion should always be based on facts.1) My knowledge of physics is pretty _. 2) She used her familys history as a _ for her novel. 3) This novel is _ on historical facts. 7latter adj较后的，后面的， (两者中) 后者的I find it hard to understand the latter

8、 part of his lectureThe latter 后者 the former 前者Did he walk or swim across the river ?The latter seems unlikely【辨析】late，later, latter, lately1)late是形容词，表示“迟到的，晚的”。 You are late again! 2)later可作形容词，是late的比较级，意为“更迟的，更后的”；也可作副词，意为“稍后，随后”，常与on连用。如：We will discuss this in detail later. Ill tell you later3

9、)latter最常用的含义是“两者中的(后者)”，常与the连用，固定搭配“the former，the latter”。如：Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother. 4)lately是副词，意为“近来，最近recently”。如：Have you been to Beijing lately?例如：Did he go there by bike or on foot? The _ seems unlikely. A latter B late C later D lately8.present n在场，出席 at present 现在

10、，目前=now=at the present time=at the moment1)present n礼物，现在2)adj出席，在场，当前的，现在的present意为 “出席，在场且作定语时，置于名词、代词之后；意为“当前的”且作定语时，置于名词之前They are making a careful study of the present situation of the worldEveryone present at the meeting was strongly against the decisionbe present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)3

11、) vt. 赠送,呈献(with)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人They presented him with a bunch of flowers4)presence n在场，出席I was surprised by the presence of so many people at the meeting. 9. command n&vi 命令，指令，掌握Have a good command 精通Command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 be under the command of 由指挥,由控制 be

12、in command of 控制 be at ones command 听任某人支配 have / take command of 指挥Command that 从句（should）do （虚拟）command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气练习 用适当的介词填空1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life.2). The army is _ the kings direct command.3). The police arrived and took command _ the situation.10. re

13、quest n&vi 请求，要求 request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 request sth of/from sb 向某人要某物 request that 从句(should)do （虚拟）注：同样的词还有：prefer desire insist suggest recommend require request command (一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)引导的从句that +虚拟语气（shou

14、ld）+动词原形 He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports.11Recognize vi.辨认出，承认，公认 Recognize sb/sth as 把看做是，认作为recognizeby sth 认出或识别某人/某事物 recognizeto be承认是 recognize +宾语从句 意识到；承认I recogni

15、ze him_. (他是个聪明人).Though they hadnt met for many years，they _ (认出了对方)at the first sight.（二） phrase 1. because of 因为，由于 because是连词 +句子，多作原因状语从句 because of +名词/代词/动词ing Because it was raining outside，we stayed at home=Because of the rain outside, we stayed at home2. even if 即使；尽管 =even though 连词短语，引导让

16、步状语从句 They will stand by you even ifthough you dont succeed（其引导的让步状语从句动词用一般现在时表示将来的假设或一般的行为习惯）3 come up走近，到来；被提出；发芽，长出 come about 发生 come across 偶然遇到 come at向扑来,攻击come on 快来,表语气 come out 发表，出版,开花；结果是come true 实现 come up with 想出，提出come over 过来 come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下练习 用come构成的词组填空。1). The hun

17、ter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.5). They _ an old school friend in the street this morning.4. than ever before 比以往任何时候更 常与比较级连用5. each other 互相 （

18、两者之间的相互） One another 相互（三者或以上的相互）municate with 与交流 = talk with7.make use of 利用，使用 + to do sth =take advantage ofuse前可用good，full，poor, little等词修饰。make good use of 好好利用make full use of/make the best of/make the most of 充分利用As a student, you must make full use of your spare time 被动形式 be made use ofEver

19、y minute must be made full use of _ spoken English. A to practice B practicing C practice D practiced与make有关的短语 make friends with 和交朋友 make fun of 取笑make a decision 作出决定 make a face/faces 扮鬼脸 make progress in 在取得进步make a choice 做出选择make it to 使成为8.such as 例如，诸如此类，像这样的Ball games such as basketball an

20、d football are very excitingSuch as 像一样 There is no such thing as standardno such thing 没有这样的事情。 such与no, any, all, some, another, one，many，a few, a little等词连用时，常置于这些词之后。 There is no such person in our school【辨析】such as, for example，that is1)such as用于列举同类人或事物中的若干例子，但不能全部列出。如：Mr Wang is good at sever

21、al foreign languages，such as English and French2) for example一般只列举几类人或事物中的一个”，其位置可在句首、句中或句末，经常用逗号分开。如：Mr Wang is good at several foreign languages，for example，English3)that is所列举的数量等同于所提人或事物的总数，也需要用逗号隔开，此时不能用such as或for example。如：Mr Wang is good at two foreign languages, that is，English and French.用

22、that is，such as，for example填(1)He knows three languages，_，Chinese，French and English.(2)What would you do if you met a wild animala lion，_?(3)The farmer grows various kinds of crops，_wheat，corn，cotton and rice.(4)Matter may be invisible；air，_，is this kind of the matter9.play a part in在中起作用，在中扮演角色 =p

23、lay a role inThe computer is playing a more and more important part in our daily life与part 相关的短语take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间） for my part就我来说How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?For my part, I dont mind where we

24、eat.10. anumberof 一些，若干（=some），后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。 anumberof词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等（例如：alarge/smallnumberof许多/少数）。 thenumberof 的数字/数目，介词of同其后名词构成介词短语，修饰thenumber。当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 AnumberofmyfriendsthinkIshouldtakeaholiday. Thenumberofstudentsisabouttwenty. A number of people_ been invited to the party

25、, but the exact number _ still unknown. A has; is B have; are C has; are D have; is（三）Grammar （1）句型结构1.插入语1）believe it or not “信不信由你Believe it or not，John will go abroad for further study next month2）to tell you the truth实话告诉你To tell you the truth，Ill spend my summer vacation in Yunnan3）generally sp

26、eaking一般说来 Generally speaking，language learning needs a lot of practice4)you know/you see你知道You see，my car broke down on the way5) I think我认为 His coat，I think，is really strange6) do you think Who do you think cleaned the classroom yesterday?2.让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的引导词有even though，even if， although, though,

27、 no matter when/what., whenever, wherever, however 等等。(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.即使你们在工作中取得了巨大的成绩，也不应该自满。Whatever you do, do it well.不管你做什么，把它做好。However hot it is, he wont take off his hat.不管多热，他都不摘下帽

28、子。Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _they knew it to be valuable.Aas if Bnow that Ceven though Dso that 3.with的复合结构(1)Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break

29、down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled解析：with复合结构中，work和fill是主动关系，且表示正在进行，因此其后要用doing结构。答案：B(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished Bfinishing Chaving finished Dwas finished解析：根据work和finish是被动关系，可以判断出答案。答案：A(3)_ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.AWith BBesides CAs for DBecause of解析：根据句意，此处应采用“with宾语不定式”。答案：A(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room _ his nose red.Ato Bon Cin Dwith解析：这个句子考查with的复合结构的用法，用“with名词形