专业英语四级语法与词汇专项及答案解析十一.docx

1、专业英语四级语法与词汇专项及答案解析十一专业英语四级语法与词汇专项及答案解析(十一)一、Grammar and Vocabulary（本大题30小题每题1.0分，共30.0分。There are several sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark you

2、r answers on Answer Sheet Two. ）第1题 Hurricanes are killer winds, and their _ power lies in the physical damage they can do.A. cumulativeB. destructiveC. turbulentD. prevalent【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查形容词词义辨析。destructive意为“破坏性的”，结合句中的killer winds和damage可知，飓风具有破坏性，所以B正确；cumulative意为“累积的”，不符合句意；tur

3、bulent意为“狂暴的”，prevalent意为“普遍的”，这两项只能用来修饰飓风的活动情况，均未指出其危害性，故排除。第2题 Tom _ his new job with confidence.A. set outB. set offC. set upD. set about【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词固定搭配。set out意为“开始”，常与不定式连用；set off意为“出发，动身”；set up意为“开业，开始经商”；set about意为“开始，着手”。故选D。第3题 If it _ another ten minutes, the game w

4、ould have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查虚拟语气。if引导的条件从句，表示与过去事实相反时，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时，故选A。第4题 She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she cant _ this loud noise any longer.A. come up withB. catch up withC. keep up withD.

5、 put up with【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词固定搭配。put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；come up with意为“(针对问题、挑战)提出，想出”；catch up with意为“赶上”；keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。根据句意可知选D。第5题 Look at these clouds. _.A. It will rainB. Its going to rainC. It will be rainingD. It is to rain【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词时态。选项A中wi

6、ll表示一种意愿；B项中的be going to do sth表示目前已有迹象表明即将发生某种事情；C项中使用了将来进行时，用来表示将来某一时刻或某一时期正在进行的动作；D项中的be to do sth表示一种计划或安排。故只有B项符合句意。第6题 She never laughed, _ lose her temper.A. nor she ever didB. or she ever didC. or did she everD. nor did she ever【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查倒装句。由so，nor和neither引导的并列分句，表示“同样，也

7、”等意思时，要进行主谓倒装。so用于肯定句，指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。nor和neither用于否定句，指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。前半句中never表明该句为否定句，因此D为正确答案。第7题 We find that some birds _ twice a year between hot and cold countries.A. transferB. commuteC. migrateD. emigrate【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词词义辨析。transfer意为“移交”，指将某物或某人由一处转移到另一处；commute意为

8、“交换，通勤”，指人因工作而通勤；migrate意为“迁徙”，尤指鸟类的迁徙和随季节而移居；emigrate意为“永久移居”。根据句意可知C为正确答案。第8题 _ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.A. There has been no rainB. Having no rainC. There having been no rainD. There being no rain【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查独立主格结构。该句的前半部分是There be结构，构成独立主格结构作原因状语，for a long

9、time要求用完成时形式，故C为正确答案。第9题 _ amazed me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.A. ThatB. ItC. WhichD. What【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查主语从句。what在句中引导主语从句且作整个从句的主语。这个主语从句明显缺少指物的主语，所以应选D。第10题 Columbus decision to sail west to reach the East _ o

10、n his belief that the earth was round.A. existedB. satC. relaxedD. rested【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查惯用搭配。exist on意为“靠生活”；sit on意为“搁置；拖延”；relax与on不能构成搭配；rest on意为“在于；基于”。根据句意可知答案为D。第11题 It is difficult to tell whether a man is angry or not by _ looking at his face.A. fightB. barelyC. justD. hardly

11、【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查副词词义辨析。right作副词时的意思是“径直地”，一般修饰介词短语，不直接修饰动词；barely：是表示否定意义的副词，意思是“几乎不能”，不符合句子的意思；hardly也是表示否定意义的副词，意思是“几乎不”，也可排除；just的意思是“只，单单，仅仅”，可直接修饰动词。故选C。第12题 Many people complain of the rapid _ of modern life.A. rateB. paceC. speedD. growth【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查名词词义辨析。grow

12、th意为“增长，成长”，不符合句意。rate、pace和speed都有“速度”的意思。rate强调“比率”，指速度时常用于rate of speed；pace强调步子间隔的频率，即“步调”，其比喻义为“节奏”；speed强!调运动的速度。此处指现代生活的“快节奏”，故选B。第13题 In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics _ or may give you a choice of topics to write about.A. in advanceB. ahead ofC. above allD. right away【正

13、确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查固定搭配。in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在之前”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻，马上”。根据句意可知选A。第14题 In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and _ in the classroom.A. skepticalB. faithfulC. obedientD. subsidiary【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查形容词词义辨析。skeptical意为“怀疑

14、的”；faithful意为“忠诚的”；obedient意为“顺从的，规矩的”；subsidiary意为“辅助的”。根据句意可知C为正确答案。第15题 The prisoner was _ of his civil liberty for three years.A. dischargedB. derivedC. deprivedD. dispatched【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词词义辨析。deprive意为“剥夺”，be deprived of是固定搭配，意为“剥夺”；discharge意为“解雇；卸货”；derive意为“来自，起源”；dispatch意

15、为“派遣”。根据句意可知选C。第16题 On knowing that his novel won the Pulitzer Prize, his friends held a big party _.A. in his gloryB. in his honorC. for his gloryD. for his honor【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查介词固定搭配。in ones glory意为“在某人的鼎盛时期”；in ones honor的意思是“向某人表示敬意；祝贺某人”，为固定用法。根据句意可知B为正确答案。其他两项均搭配不当。第17题 More and

16、 more advanced farm machines _, the agricultural production increased tremendously.A. usingB. having usedC. having been usedD. to have been used【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查独立主格结构。本句的原因状语是现在分词作独立主格结构，由于主句和从句的主语不一致，故在作状语的现在分词前加了其逻辑主语more and more advanced farm machines；从时间上看，产量的提高发生在使用先进机械之后，所以现在分词需

17、要用完成时，而且必须构成被动语态才能够阐述所要表达的意思。由此可知C为正确答案。第18题 Please come to the point, you are _ the subject again.A. straying fromB. getting offC. dwelling inD. giving up【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词固定搭配。stray from意为“偏离”；get off意为“下车；出发”；dwell in意为“居住，停留于”；give up意为“放弃”。根据句意可知选A。第19题 He might have been killed _

18、 the timely arrival of the ambulance.A. but forB. except forC. besidesD. except【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查虚拟语气。有时虚拟语气中假设的情况并不需用条件从句表示，而是暗含在上下文中，比如通过介词短语来表示，如but for“要不是”。expect for意为“除之外”，besides表示“除之外还有”，except意为“除了”，这三项均不合句意。故A为正确答案。第20题 Life is a candle _ to burn ever brighter.A. being meantB.

19、 meaningC. to meanD. meant【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词mean的用法。mean作及物动词，后接动词不定式表示“意欲，打算”。由于candle为物，本身并不存在“意图”，故需用被动语态形式be meant to do，且这一结构一般不用于进行时，故可排除A、B、C项。正确答案为D。第21题 _ they change their sales strategies, the future for their company will be indeed bleak.A. Even ifB. Now thatC. As long asD.

20、 Unless【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查连词辨析。even if意为“即使，纵使”，通常用来引导让步状语从句；now that意为“既然”；as long as意为“只要”，用来引导条件状语从句；unless意为“除非，如果不”。根据句意可知，本题应该选D。第22题 It was the drivers _ that caused him to step on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.A. fraudB. alarmC. terrorD. panic【正确答案】

21、：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查名词词义辨析。panic意为“惊慌，慌乱”；fraud意为“欺骗，骗局”；alarm意为“警报”；terror意为“恐怖”。根据句意可知选D。第23题 Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in thatB. in whichC. in order thatD. in the way【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查原因状

22、语从句。in that引导原因状语，往往用于书面语，放在句中而不是句首，意为“因为，原因在于”；in which一般用来引导定语从句，修饰表示方位的名词；in order that常常用于引导目的状语从句；in the way意为“妨碍；在方面；关于”。由此可知A为正确答案。第24题 _ the 1500s _ the first Europeans explored the coast of California.A. It was not until; thenB. It is not until; whenC. It is until; thatD. It was not until;

23、that【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查强调句。本句将not until句型和强调句It is (was)that结合在一起，强调的是句子的时间状语not until the 1500s。该句的正常语序为The first Europeans didnt explore the coast of California until the 1500s第25题 Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that _ one year of college.A. improvesB. sub

24、sidizesC. obligesD. inflicts【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查动词词义辨析。improve意为“改进，改善”；subsidize意为“给津贴，资助”；oblige意为“施恩惠于，帮忙”；inflict意为“予以打击，使遭受(损伤，苦痛等)”。根据句意可知选B。第26题 Which sentence of the following is correct?A. A group of soldiers marched forward, with guns holding in hand.B. A group of soldiers marche

25、d forward, guns holding in hand.C. A group of soldiers marched forward, with guns to be held in hand.D. A group of soldiers marched forward, guns held in han【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查伴随状语。通过分析句子的结构可知，本题考查的是表示伴随的分词独立结构。根据句意可知，guns应该是被握在手里的，所以应该用过去分词，故选项D正确。第27题 _ with the developed areas, peoples

26、 living standard of this province is not high at all.A. CompareB. While comparingC. When comparedD. Comparing【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查省略句。本句中“发达地区”和“该省”为对比的对象，状语部分中动词的逻辑主语应该是“该省”，故应该采用被动语态。when compared是when this province is compared的省略。故C为正确答案。第28题 Jim is so _ after injuring his leg that he ha

27、s great difficulty in walking.A. hurtB. lameC. woundedD. uncomfortable【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查形容词词义辨析。hurt意为伤害”，用被动形式时一般不和程度副词连用；lame意为“跛的”，不能描述受伤的程度；wounded作形容词，意为“受伤的”，可以和程度副词连用；uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”，语气太轻，不符合语境。故选C。第29题 If the earth suddenly _ spinning, we would all fly off it.A. had stopped

28、B. stoppedC. has stoppedD. would stop【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查虚拟语气。表示与现在存在的客观事实相反的假设，一般用虚拟语气，条件句的谓语动词为过去时。第30题 Jane said she would go to Hawaii _ stay in the same city.A. rather thanB. other thanC. and prefer notD. instead of【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】考点 考查固定搭配。rather than常与would连用，表示“宁愿做，而不愿意做”，would (rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式；other than意为“除之外”，相当于apart from；and prefer not不是固定搭配；instead of意为“而不是”，后面常跟一个与前面成分相当的结构，如果是动词，则要用动名词形式。故本题应该选A。