1、英语词汇构词法前缀1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气,大气” aeroplane, aerial,2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做,动作” active, agent, reaction,3) alt, 含义是“高”, altitude,4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其它,变更” alternate,5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物,生命” biology, bionics(仿生学)6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)7) cap, capt, cept,
2、cip, 含义是“取,获” capture, except, concept, capacity8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行,让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度)9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” concentrate, eccentric(偏心的)10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” claim, proclaim, exclaim11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” conclude, enclose, include12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, cultivate, a
3、griculture13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, record, accord14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑,动作” current, occur, concurrence(同时发生)15) dic, dict, 含义是“说,示” dictate, edit, indicate, predict16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, document17) duc, duct含义是“引导,传导” introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论)18) fact, fac, fect, di
4、c, dit, 含义是“做,创造” factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect19) fend, fens, 含义是“打,击” defence, offence20) fer, 含义是“搬运,移转” ferry, transfer, defer(迟延)21) fin, finit, 含义是“终,极” final, finish, confine22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, confirm, affirm(断定)23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, affix(附加)24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” flexi
5、ble, reflex25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” flower, flourish26) form, 含义是“形” uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform27) forc, fort, 含义是“力,强度” force, enforce, effort28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产,发生” generate, generation29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写,记录” telegram, diagram, photograph30) grad, gress, gred, gree,
6、含义是“步,阶段” gradually, degree, progress31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持,住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, cohesion33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, inject34) jour, 含义是“日,一天” journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期)35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合,连合” conjunction, junction(连合)36) labour, labor, 含义是“
7、劳动,工作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选,采集” collect, select, lecture38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活,生存” life, alive, live39) loc, 含义是“场所,位置” location, dislocate(脱位)40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” length, prolong, linger41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” colloquial, eloquent,42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令
8、” command, demand, recommend43) man, manu, 含义是“手,手法” manage, manual44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆” memory, remember, memorial45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind, remind, mental46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易” commerce, merchant47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是“测量,度量” measure, meter, diameter48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, mino
9、rity49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣,送” mission, dismiss, transmit, missile50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” movement, motion, mobile, remove51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” connect, disconnect, annex(合并)52) not, 含义是“记号,注意” note, denote, annotation(注释)53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” synonym, antonym, anonymous54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同,对等
10、b)准备” compare, prepare55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, impel(推进)56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” depend, independent, expense(支付)57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, telephone, microphone58) plac, 含义是“位置,场所” place, replace59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民,民众” public, republic, popular, people60) port, 含义是“搬运” export,
11、 import, deport(输送)61) press, 含义是“压,压制” pressure, express, oppress, impression62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验,验证” prove, approve,63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“寻找,探问” inquiry, question, inquisition(调查,追究)64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” arrange, rank,65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正,直” correct, direct, erect66) r
12、iv, 含义是“河流,流远”,river, arrive, derive67) rupt, 含义是“破坏,毁坏” eruption, bankrupt, corruption68) sci, 含义是“认识,知识” science, conscious69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写,记录” describe, script70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉,情感” sensation, sentiment71) sign, 含义是“标记,符号” signal, signature, design72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似,类似” similar
13、, resemble, assimilate(同化)73) soci, 含义是“结合,社交” social, association74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看,视” inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect75) struct, 含义是“建筑,构造” structure, construct, instruct, destruction76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽,掩盖” detect, protect77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间,时机” tense, contemporary,
14、temporal78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸张” tendency, intension, extend, intend79) test, 含义是“证明,证实” testify, protest, contest(争论)80) text, 含义是“编织, 构成” textile, texture, context81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉,吸引” attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩)82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute83) us, ut, 含义
15、是“用,使用” usable, utilize, abuse84) vac, van, 含义是“空,虚” vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空)85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走,去” invade, wade, evade(逃避)86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转,反转” convert, inversion(倒转), reverse, divert(使转向)87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看,看见” television, visible, evident, interview, survey88) viv, vit,
16、 含义是“生,活” vivid, vital, survival,89) war, ward, 含义是“注意,保护” aware, wary(谨慎), ward(守护)90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, subway, always1. 名词后缀(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an, -ain, 表示地方的人,精通的人”American, historian,2)-al, 表示具有职务的人 principal,3)-ant,-ent, 表示者” merchant, agent, servant, student,4)-ar, 表示的人” scholar, liar, pe
17、ddler5)-ard, -art, 表示做的人”coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者)6)-arian, 表示派别的人, 主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian7)-ary, 表示从事的人 secretary, missionary8)-ant, 表示具有职责的人 candidate, graduate9)-ator, 表示做的人 educator, speculator(投机者)10)-crat, 表示某种政体,主义的支持者 democrat, bureaucrat11)-ee, 表示动作承受者 employee, examinee12)-eer,
18、 表示从事于人 engineer, volunteer13)-er, 表示从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人 banker, observer, Londoner, villager14)-ese, 表示 国人,.地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese15)-ess, 表示阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, manageress16)-eur, 表示家” amateur, littrateur17)-ian, 表示地方人,信仰.教的人,从事职业的人”Christian, physician(内科医生),musician18)-ician, 表示精通者, 家,”ele
19、ctrician, magician, technician19)-icist, 表示家, .者, .能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist20)-ic, 表示者,师 mechanic, critic21)-ie, 表示爱,指小 dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)22)-ier, 表示从事职业” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠)23)-ine, ian, 表示阴性人称 heroine, ballerina24)-ist, 表示从事研究者,信仰主义者 pianist, communist, dentist,
20、artist, chemist25)-ive, 表示动作者,行为者” native, captive26)-logist, 表示学家,研究者 biologist, geologist(地质学家)27)-or, 表示者 author, doctor, operator,28)-ster, 表示做.事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster29)-yer, 表示 从事职业者” lawyer(2). 构成,具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy, 表示性质,状态,境遇 accuracy, diplomacy2)-age, 表示状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称 courage,
21、storage, marriage3)-al,?a) 表示事物的动作,过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approvalb) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal4)-ance, -ence表示性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience5)-ancy, -ency, 表示性质,状态,行为,过程 frequency, urgency, efficiency,6)-bility, 表示动作,性质,状态 p
22、ossibility, feasibility,7)-craft, 表示工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy, 表示统治,支配 bureaucracy, democracy9)-cy, 表示性质,状态,职位,级别 bankruptcy(破产),supremacy10)-dom, 表示等级,领域,状态 freedom, kingdom, wisdom11)-ery, -ry, 表示行为,状态,习性 bravery, bribery, rivalry12)-ety, 表示性质,状态” variety, dubiety(怀疑)13
23、)-faction, -facture, 表示作成,化,作用 satisfaction, manufacture14)-hood, 表示资格,身份, 年纪,状态 childhood, manhood, falsehood15)-ice, 表示行为,性质,状态 notice, justice, service16)-ine, 表示带有抽象概念 medicine, discipline, famine17)-ing, 表示动作的过程,结果 building, writing, learning18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示行为的过程,结果,状况
24、action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction19)-ise, 表示性质,状态” exercise, merchandise(商业)20)-ism, 表示制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为 socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism21)-ity, 表示性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity22)-ment, 表示行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishme
25、nt, argument23)-mony, 表示动作的结果,状态 ceremony, testimony24)-ness, 表示性质,状态,程度 goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness25)-or, -our, 表示动作,性质,状态 favor, error,26)-osity, 表示动作,状态” curiosity27)-ship, 表示情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship, membership, friendship28)-th, 表示动作,性质,过程,状态 depth, wealth, truth, length, gr
26、owth29)-tude, 表示性质,状态,程度 latitude, altitude(海拔)30)-ure, 表示行为,结果 exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续),31)-y, 表示行为的结果,状态,性质” glory, history, victory, inquiry(3) 带有场所,地方的含义1)-age, 表示住所,地点 village, cottage2)-ary, 表示住所,场地 library, granary (谷仓)3)-ery, ry, 表示工作场所,饲养所,地点 laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)
27、4)-ory, 表示工作场所,住处 factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory(4) 带有学术,科技含义1)-grapy, 表示学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography2)-ic, ics, 表示学法 logic, mechanics, optics, electronics3)-ology, 表示学论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)4)-nomy, 表示学术 astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)5)-ery, 表示学科,技术 chemistry,
28、cookery, machinery6)-y, 表示学,术,法” photography, philosophy(5) 表示人和事物的总和,集合含义1)-age, baggage, tonnage2)-dom, newspaperdom(新闻界)3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁)5)-ure, legislature, judicature(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant2)-al, signal, pictorial(画报)3)ar, coll
29、ar, pillar(石柱)4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker5)-ery, drapery(绸缎)6)-ing, clothing, matting,7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment(7) 表示“细小”的含义1)-cle, particle,2)-cule, molecule(分子)3)-el, parcel4)-en, chicken, maiden5)-et, pocket, ticket6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)7)-kin
30、, napkin8)-ling, duckling,9)-let, booklet10)-y, baby, doggy2. 形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible2)-al, natural, additional, educational3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent5)-ar, similar, popular,
31、 regular6)-ary, military, voluntary7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine9)-ing, moving, touching, daring10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)(2) 表示“相象,类似”的含义1)-ish, boyish, childish2)-esque, picturesque3)-l
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