湖北仙桃一中学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

1、湖北仙桃一中学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题湖北仙桃一中2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读选择 Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), people all over the world are wearing masks to reduce the risk of infection. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Lets take a look at some mask-r

2、elated history.1st centuryIn that century, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), recommended the use of animal bla

3、dder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although simple, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.19th centuryThe design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective m

4、ask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann designed a simple mask composed of one layer of gauze (纱布).20th centuryIn 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande

5、designed a cheap face mask called “Wus mask”. Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was simple to manufacture and had a low production cost.Modern explorationWith several outb

6、reaks of infectious diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.1According to the text, why were masks i

7、nvented in the first century?ATo reduce the risk of infection.BTo protect miners from dust.CTo indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.DTo protect doctors from harmful chemicals.2What was considered a milestone in face mask history?AGetting a patent on protective masks for miners.BUsing cloth i

8、nstead of animal skins.CThe invention of gas masks in 1897.DUsing more than one layer of gauze.3“Wus mask” grew popular around the world because _.Ait could be used multiple timesBit was cheap and easy to manufactureCit was simple for people to wearDit could better protect people from smog4What is t

9、he text mainly about?AA comparison of different masks.BThe benefits of using masks.CThe evolution of masks.DThe roles masks played at different times. Our house was across the street from a big hospital, so we rented our spare upstairs room to outpatients (门诊病人). One evening, there was a knock at th

10、e door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.His face looked terrible it was swollen and red. Yet his voice was pleasant. He told me that he came for treatment and that hed been hunting for a spare room since noon, but no one would give him one. “I guess its my face.”For a moment, I hesitated

11、, but his next words convinced me: “Ill sleep in this rocking chair on the porch (门廊). My bus leaves early in the morning.”The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughters five children and her disabled husband.He didnt

12、complain while telling me his story. He was grateful that no pain accompanied his disease, which was seemingly a form of skin cancer .The next morning, he said, “Can I come back and stay the next time I need treatment?” I told him he was welcome to come again.On his next trip, as a gift, he brought

13、a big fish and some large oysters (牡蛎). In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like these.My neighbor warned me that I could lose potential renters by putting up the old man after he left the first morning.Maybe we did lose renters once or twice. B

14、ut if they had known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family will always be grateful to have known him; From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.5The author hesitated to answer at first, which suggests tha

15、t _.Athere was no space for the man to stayBthere were difficult neighbors to considerChe wondered how the man found himDhe was frightened by what the man looked like6Which of the following shows that the old man had a big heart?AHe supported a large family.BHe could sleep on the porch.CHe felt skin

16、 cancer wasnt painful.DHe complained about how others treated him.7What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?AThe author truly appreciated the old man.BThe author looked down on his neighbor.CThe author was grateful for the neighbors warning.DThe author was disappointed to lose potential renter

17、s.8Which option best describes the main message of this article?AA kind word is like a spring day.BWhere there is a will, there is a way.CComplaining never makes anything better.DDont judge a person by his appearance. With the internet and smart phones, people have immediate access to news from all

18、over the world. It sounds like a good thing, but can there ever be too much of it?While access to news is important, the news itself is usually bad. This makes some sense. Not many people would buy a newspaper with headlines like,“Everything is great!” or, “The sky is more blue today than yesterday.

19、”Yet there is a problem that comes from the amount of news were taking in. People feel increased anxiety because they get so much negative information.Why is this happening? As social animals, humans are empathetic (感同身受的) toward each other. This is great for our communities, but when we read about

20、people suffering in a faraway place, we feel heartbroken. This wonderful thing about humans instead becomes part of the problem.“Theres actually, for many people, physical pain in wanting to help - our heart goes out to them,” US Professor Charles Figley, a mental health specialist, told National Pu

21、blic Radio. He calls it “bad-news burnout (倦怠).” Others call it “the hope gap”, which refers to the phenomenon that we feel surrounded by problems.Before this news stresses you out, take a deep breath, because you can take control of the situation right now. The first step is to take Figleys advice

22、and turn off the news. “We cant obviously run away and hide forever, but yes, we do need to take breaks,” he said.Next, change the scenery. Leave the room where you get news and negative information. Better yet, go for a walk. Dont let news into the parts of your life that are meant for socializing

23、or relaxing. “Lighten up, just enjoy life, smile more, laugh more, and dont get so worked up about things,” Irish actor Kenneth Charles Branagh told US-based Interview Magazine.Life is short and your time is valuable. Make more time for friends, family and hobbies. You dont need to spend it worrying

24、 about things you cant control. Instead, direct your energy toward the things you can change.9What does the word “problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to?APeople are faced with too much information.BThere is too little good news in newspapers.CFake news is having an impact on peoples lives.DPeople get anxi

25、ous with so much negative news.10The author quotes Figleys words in Paragraph 5 mainly to _.Aexplain the benefits of human compassionBshow that its impossible to solve all problemsCexplain how people are affected by bad newsDprove that bad news can cause illnesses11What does the author suggest peopl

26、e do with the stress caused by negative information?AAvoid reading any bad news.BTalk to a close friend.CFind a relaxing environment.DFind some good news to read.12The underlined phrase “worked up” in the second to last paragraph probably means _.Aconfused BupsetCoptimistic Dsurprised You know the o

27、ld phrase, “Practice makes perfect.” That may not always be true. According to a recent study published in Royal Society Open Science, there are other factors for reaching elite (最优秀的) levels of ability.The researchers set out to replicate (复制) the process of a now-famous 1993 study of top-level vio

28、linists and pianists. On average, the earlier study found that top-ranked musicians had clocked over 10,000 hours of practice by the age of 20. It believed their success was due to the hours spent practicing, not because of natural talent, learning skills and other factors.Author Malcolm Gladwell ca

29、lled 10,000 hours “the magic number of greatness”.Questioning this conclusion, Brooke Macnamara and Megha Maitra, from Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, US, sought volunteers to put the 10,000-hour rule to the test.The pair organized violinists into three groups, based on whether their tutors

30、 rated them as the best players, good players, or average players. They were then told to record how long they practiced every week.They found that the “average” players had around 6,000 hours of practice. However, there was little separating the good from the best musicians. Both groups had approxi

31、mately 11,000 hours of practice by the age of 20.“Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference,” Macnamara told the Guardian. “Smaller factors then determine who goes on to that super-elite level.”“The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it

32、could be intelligence or working memory, in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen,” she said. She also pointed out the factor of motivation and the interactions of different factors.It should be said that neither side discounts the value of making an effort. Even if you arent destined (命中注定的) to be the worlds greatest violinist, practice will