1、专四词汇篇主要动词词根及生成能力1、cedced=go行走(ced也作ceed,cess)preceding pre-先,前,见上,-ing形容词后缀,的 在前的,在先的recede, succeed, proceed, precede, intercede (调解、说情), supersede(取代)2、cept, ceive cept=take 拿,取except ex-外,出,cept拿;“拿出去”排除,除外 除之外,把除 外accept ac-加强意义,cept拿接 接受,领受,承认receive, conceive, perceive, deceive3、cid,ciscid,cis
2、=cut,kill 切,杀decide de-表示加强意义,cid切,切断裁断裁决 决定regicide, matricide, pesticide, fratricide, patricide, suicide (多是名词)4、claim,clamclaim,clam=cry,shout 喊叫exclaim ex-外,出,claim叫,“大声叫出” 呼喊,惊叫proclaim pro-向前,claim叫喊声言 宣布,宣告,声明reclaim (收回,取回), acclaim (称赞,欢呼), declaim (演讲般说话)5、clarclar=clear 清楚,明白declare de-表示
3、加强意义,clar=clear清楚,明白;“to make clear”,“使明白” 表明,声明,宣告,宣布clarify clar=clear清楚,明白,-i-,-fy 动词后缀,使;“使明白” 讲清楚,阐明,澄清6、cludclud=close,shut关闭(clud也作clus)exclude ex-外,clud关;“关在外面”不许入内 排斥,拒绝接纳,把排除在外include in-入,内,clud关闭;“关在里面”,“包入” 包含,包括,包住,关住preclude (排除、阻止), conclude(缔结),7、cur,curs,cour,ccurscur,curs,cour,ccu
4、rs=run跑occur, concur, incur, recur8、dictdict=say言,说(dict也作dic)dictate dict言,说吩咐,命令,指示,-ate动词后缀;“口授命令predict, contradict (驳斥、反驳), interdict,(禁止) 9、ducduc,duct=lead引导educate e-出,duc引导,-ate动词后缀;“引导出来,”“把由无知状态中引导出来”教导出来 教育 introduce intro-入,duc引;“引入” 引进,介绍deduce (演绎、推理), induce (归纳、引诱), conduce (有益于), s
5、educe (引诱、勾引)10、ferfer=bring,carry带拿confer con共同,一起,fer拿;把意见“拿到一起来” 协商,商量,交换意见differ dif-分开,fer拿,持;“分开拿”,“分取”,“各持已见”,“各执一词”互异 不同,相异,意见不同prefer pre-先,fer拿,取;对某物先取”,先选”,宁愿先要”某事物 宁可,宁愿(选择), 更喜欢,偏爱Infer (推断), transfer (转乘、转移、转学), defer (推迟、延期), 11、fusfus=pour灌,流,倾泻refuse re-回,fus流;流回”倒灌,倒流退回不接纳 拒绝,拒受con
6、fuse con-共同,合,fus流;合流”,流到一处”混在一起 使混杂,混乱,混淆,使迷乱effuse (涌出), infuse (灌输、激发), defuse (平息、缓和), transfuse (输血)12、gressgress=go,walk行走progress pro-向前,gress行走 前进,进步congress con-共同,一起,gress走,来到;大家走到一起来”共聚一堂开会会议 (代表)大会,国会,议会egress (离开、外出), transgress (违背、违反), retrogress(倒退、退化) (本组词,多可同时作名词又作动词)13、hibithibit=
7、hold拿,持exhibit ex-外,出,hibit拿,持;拿出去”摆出去给人看 展出,展览,陈列,展示,显示inhibit in-表示in,hibit持,握;to hold in”,to maintain in” 阻止,禁止,抑制prohibit (禁止、阻止)14、jectject=throw投掷interject (打断、插话), eject (喷出), project (放映、投射、突出), inject (注射、添加), reject (排斥、抛弃), deject (使沮丧), 15、lectlect=choose,gather选,收(lect也作leg,lig)elect e-
8、出,lect选;选出” 选举select se-离开,分开,lect选 挑选,选出,选择,选拔collect,16、mergmerg=dip,sink沉,没(merg也作mers)emerge e-外,merg沉,沉于水中;由水中浮出” 浮现,出现submerge sub-下,merg沉 沉下,沉于水中,没入水中merge (融入、合并)17、missmiss=send投,送,发(miss也作mit)mission miss送,派送,委派,-ion名词后缀;被派送(委派)出去者” 使团,代表团,使命promise pro-前,先,mis(=miss)发;事先发出”之言 诺言,允诺emit, t
9、ransmit, intermit, permit, remit, demit (辞职)18、motmot=move移动,动motion mot动,-ion名词后缀,表示行为,情况 运动,动promote pro-向前,mor移动;使向前移动” 推进,促进,提升, 升级demote, 19、pelpel=push,drive推,逐,驱propel pro-向前,pel推 推进,推动expel , repel, compel, impel (推动、敦促)20、pend(a)pend,pens=hang悬挂depend de-下,pend悬挂;挂在他物下面”依附于另一物体” 依靠,依赖suspen
10、d, append (添加、附加), 21、pictpict=paint画,描绘picture pict绘,-ure名词后缀 绘画,图画,画像;图片depict de-加强意义,pict绘 描绘,描述22、pospos=put放置propose, expose, interpose, propose, oppose, pose, dispose, suppose , depose (免职、罢免)23、scendscend,scens=climb爬,攀ascend a-=ad-表示to,scend爬;爬上” 上升;登高,攀登descend de-下,向下,scend爬 下降,传下,遗传trans
11、cend24、sectsect=cut切割insect in-入内,sect切,割;切入”,切裂”昆虫躯体分节,节与bisect, intersect, dissect (肢解、解剖)25、sistsist=stand站立assist as-表示at,sist立 立于一旁” 帮助,援助,辅助insist , consist, resist, desist (停止), 26、spect, visespect=look看respect re-再,重复,spect看;再看”,重复地看”重视,看重 尊重,尊敬introspect, televise, supervise, revise, 27、spi
12、rspir=breathe呼吸conspire con-共同,spir呼吸;共呼吸”互通气息 共谋,同谋,阴谋,密谋策划inspire in-入,spir呼吸;吸入”,吸气,注入注入勇气,注入生气 鼓舞,激励,吸入,使生灵感expire (到期), aspire (渴望、追求),perspire (出汗、流汗)28、tain,tan,tintain,ten,tin=hold握,持,守sustain sus-=sub-下,tain握,持;在下面支持” 支持,支撑,维持,供养maintain, detain (扣留, 拘留)retain (保留), entertain29、tendtend(ten
13、ds,tent)=stretch伸attend at-表示to向,tend伸;to stretch ones mind to”,把精神或心思伸向 注意,关心,出席pretend, extend,30、tracttract=draw拉,抽,引tractor tract拉,-or名词后缀,表示物 拖拉机attract at-=ad-表示to,tract抽,引 吸引,诱惑contract con-共同,一起,tract拉;把二者拉在一起”使二者结合在一起 订约,缔结,契约,合同;共同拉紧” 收缩,protract (延长、拖延), extract (提取), abstract (提取、分离), de
14、tract (减损、贬低), subtract (减去、扣除),contract (缩小、感染)31、vadvad(vas)=walk,go行走invade in-入,vad走;走入”闯入 侵入,侵略,侵犯invasion 见上,vad=vas,-ion名词后缀,表示行为 入侵,侵略evade (逃避、回避), pervade (弥漫、遍及), 32、venven=come来intervene inter-之间,中间,ven来;来到其间”介入其中 干预,干涉,介入convene con-共同,一起,ven来;召唤大家来到一起” 召集(会议),集合33、vertvert,vers=turn转re
15、verse re-回,反倒,vers转 倒转,翻转,回复,反向convert, invert (翻转、倒置), revert (恢复、重提), introvert, extrovert, 34、vivviv=live活survive sur-超过,viv活;活得比别人长”,寿命超过别人” 比活得长,后死,幸存,残存revive, 35、clin倾decline de-加强意义, clin倾 倾斜,下倾,衰落、委婉拒绝incline in-加强意义,clin倾 倾斜,倾向于,偏爱,喜爱recline(躺卧、斜靠), 36、flat吹inflate in-入,flat吹;吹入气体” 使充气,使膨胀
16、deflate37、flect,flex弯曲reflect re-回,flect弯曲;弯回”折回,返回 反射,反映flex 弯曲,折曲38、hal呼吸inhale in-入,hal呼吸;to breathe in” 吸入,吸气exhale ex-出,hal呼吸;to breathe out” 呼出,呼气39、ras,rad擦,刮erase e-去,除,ras擦,刮 擦去,抹掉,除去eraser 见上,-er表示物 擦除器(如黑板擦,橡皮等)abrade ab-离开,去,rad擦 擦掉,磨掉,磨,擦40、rod,ros咬,啮corrode cor-表加强意义,rod咬咬坏侵蚀 腐蚀erode e
17、-去掉,rod咬;咬掉”,咬坏” 腐蚀,侵蚀41、spers,spars散,撒disperse di-=dis-分开,spers散 分散,散开,使分散sparse spars散散开稀疏 稀少的,稀疏的intersperse42、tact,tag触contact con-共同,tact触 接触,联络,联系contagion con-共同,tag触,-ion名词后缀 接触传染;传染病43、tort扭torture tort扭扭弯折折磨,-ure名词后缀 拷打,折磨,严刑,痛苦;转为动词 拷打,使痛苦,拷问,折磨,刑讯; distort dis-离,tort扭;扭离正形” 弄歪(嘴脸等),使变形,歪
18、曲,曲解(事实)retort44、trud,trus推,冲intrude in-入,trud冲,闯;闯入”,冲入” 侵入,闯入protrude (突出)45、voc,vok声音,叫喊vocal voc声,-al的 有声的,用语言表达的,歌唱的revoke re-回,vok叫;叫回” 撤回,撤销evoke (唤起、产生), provoke (煽动、激起), invoke (乞灵、招魂、祈求) 46、volu,volv滚,转evolve e-出,外,volv滚;向外滚动”向前滚进 进化,使进化,进展,演化revolve (旋转), devolve (移交、衰落), convolve (缠绕), i
19、nvolve, 47-scribe: writeDescribe, prescribe (规定、指定、写处方), inscribe (雕刻), transcribe48-sume: takeResume (继续开始、重新), assume(承担、假定), consume (消费、耗尽、焚毁、毁灭), presume (推测、认为、假定)49 tribute: allotDistribute, contribute, attribute, tribute (n), 50.-nounce: speak in publicAnnounce (宣布、通知), pronounce(宣布、宣称、发音),
20、denounce(公开指责), renounce(公开宣布放弃、抛弃)51. serve (keep)Deserve (值得), preserve(保存、保藏), reserve(预留、保护区), conserve (保存、节约),observe (观察、遵守、庆祝)52 rupt:breakInterrupt (打断), disrupt (破坏、瓦解), erupt (喷发)bankrupt (使破产) abrupt (突兀的、唐突的) 53. press: pressRepress (抑制、压制), suppress(压制、镇压), express (表达、快车、快递), impress (使铭记), depress (使萧条、使沮丧), oppress (压迫), compress (压缩、精简)54: -strain:strainRestrain (抑制、制止), constrain (约束、限制),
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